1. ROAD SAFETY CHALLENGES & THE
IMPORTANCE OF PARTNERSHIPS AND
CO-ORDINATION
2 0 1 2 I N D O N E S I A N D E L E G AT I O N
FACT F I NDI NG M I S S I O N
R A Y S H U E Y A . P. M .
ROAD SAFETY SPECIALIST
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2. THE IMPORTANCE OF PARTNERSHIPS
Historic Perspective Australia/Victoria
Road Safety Issues in Indonesia – Personal
observations
What has worked well in Australia?
What have been the challenges in Australia?
Our future directions?
Can these lessons, strategies, programs apply
to the Indonesian road safety environment?
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3. AUSTRALIA - BACKGROUND
Population:
 Australia – 23 million
 Victoria – 5.5 million
Victoria has:
 4.8 million registered vehicles
 3.6 million licensed drivers
 201,000 kilometres of road
 460 million tons of freight moved annually
Road Fatalities:
 287 fatalities last year (lowest on record)
 5.1 Deaths per 100,000 population
Efforts to achieve an international low rate:
Highly visible police enforcement
 Strengthen Partnerships
 3.5 million breath tests annually
 High media profile, advertising, awareness
 Continuous community education
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4. INTERNATIONAL ROAD SAFETY AIM
“Reduce Incidence,
Severity and Cost
to
the Community of
Road Crashes”

5. INDONESIA - KEY ROAD SAFETY ISSUES
 Huge country, growing population. Massive congestion issues
particularly in Jakarta
 Increasing Road Trauma 30,000 deaths plus per annum
 Road Users: 60%-70% motor cycle fatalities
 Data & Analysis: Limited meaningful crash analysis capability
at both local and national level
 No clear numbers on pedestrian casualties
 Real causes of crashes – Investigation and analysis
 Limited Interagency cooperation and collaboration – Who has
clear responsibility for what roles?
 Driver attitude, behaviour and the driving culture
 Road user discipline – driving offences to target
 Speeding
 Overloading
Red light running – Left on red? When safe?
 Careless and Dangerous Driving
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In some areas new roads create higher road safety risks

6. 6

7. FOUNDATION ATTRIBUTES - INDONESIA
 National Traffic Police
 Very Disciplined Traffic Police Organisation
 Very good Traffic Management Centre, GPS, CCTV
monitoring
 Very good road development projects and black-spot
treatments
 Very good public relations focus, public education
interface and the use of the media
 New legislation to steer direction
 Strong capacity building support from International
Agencies
 An aim for continuous
improvement
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8. ROAD SAFETY LEADERSHIP FROM
UNACCEPTABLE TRAUMA
Road Fatalities Australia 1925-2004
4000
Seat belts
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
1925
500 1970
2011 2004
0
Year Road
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fatalities

9. VICTORIA’S ROAD SAFETY PERFORMANCE
Victorian fatality rates per 100,000 population
12.00
Victoria
10.00
8.98 Rest of Australia
8.62 8.35
8.19 8.12 8.10
Fatalities per 100,000 population
8.00 7.18 7.33
8.16
6.42
6.70 6.89 6.85
6.00 6.57 6.36
5.69
5.33 5.17
4.00
2.00
0.00
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Year
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10. Since 2001 cultural change has continued to be influence by:
Introducing Responsible Driving Legislation Dec.
1061 `01
954
Reducing Speed Threshold Enforcement Markers
806 Feb. `02
776
657
444
396 377 397
Cultural Change 330
1970 1974 1980 1989 1992 1997 2001 02 03
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11. 10 CRITICAL COMPONENTS OF ROAD
SAFETY
1. Situational analysis - What’s happening? Best data-
crash causes?
2. Partnership profile - Collaboration
3. Working with the Community
4. Quality of your “strategic” plan
5. Media road safety profile
6. Enforcement & Education campaigns
7. Technology
8. Resources and logistics
9. Operational planning – effective?
10. Performance measures & evaluation
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12. PARTNERSHIP PROFILE
ROAD SAFETY MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE
MINISTERIAL COUNCIL
FOR ROAD SAFETY
Minister for Transport
Minister for Police &
Emergency Services
Minister responsible for
Transport Accident
Commission
(Chairmanship will rotate)
Parliamentary
Road Safety
Committee National Issues
ROAD SAFETY
Executive Group Road Safety
Traffic Safety Reference Group
Education Group
ROAD SAFETY
Local Government
Management Group
Authorities
Trauma & Coordination by
Emergency VicRoads
Community Road
Services
Safety Councils
Transport VICROADS POLICE
Accident
Commission
Roads
Authority
Enforcement
and
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Education

13. TRANSPORT ACCIDENT COMMISSION AT A GLANCE
Annual vehicle Care for accident victims
registration
TAC
Premiums
Road safety
programs
Road crashes

14. THE TOOLS USED TO ACHIEVE THIS
 Market research and
evidence base
 Penalties and legislation
 Police enforcement
 Public education
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15. EXAMPLE - DRINK DRIVING
Basis for action Only a little bit over, you bloody idiot
Around 20% of all fatalities can be
attributed to drink driving
Low levels of alcohol can affect
driving skills
Don’t have to be ‘drunk’
Minimise, preferably avoid, the use
of alcohol prior to driving
Drinking and driving is socially
unacceptable
Aim: to bring about a cultural
change in community attitudes
Now - 20 years of Public Education

16. Community Partners
Develop a Commercial
sound Industry
communication Schools
Public Attitude education and
Surveys Driving Schools
awareness
strategy Strong Legislation Change Driving
Quality Effective laws
Research Strong Judicial System Culture
Registration • Reduced
Government Licensing crashes
• Road Safety Stringent re-licensing • Reduced
Council, injuries
• Police, provisions
• Reduced
• Roads deaths
Authority
• Health
• Infrastructure
• Information
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17. TRAFFIC SAFETY EDUCATION
MULTI-AGENCY & COORDINATED
Traffic Police – “Strategies and Rationale”
Media (Change from negative to positive)
Planned programs – create awareness
Children – all age groups (passengers &
pedestrians)
Community Groups – ownership of road
safety. Police coach and help groups.
Pre-Driver Training
Outcome – attitude & behavioural change

18. EXAMPLE
SPEEDING & CRASH RISK RESEARCH
In a 60 km/h speed zone, research shows that for
every increase in travel speed of 5 km/h above the 60
km/h limit, the risk of casualty crash involvement
doubles
Kloeden, McLean, Moore, Ponte ‘Travelling Speed and the Risk of Crash Involvement, FORS

19. SPEEDING
EDUCATIONAL/ADVERTISING
TAC ‘Wipe off 5’ campaign –
3 phases
Enforcement: increase
awareness of chance of
detection
Instructional: provide rationale
Emotive: provide moral case

20. THE COMMUNITY MESSAGE

21. TECHNOLOGY & AUTOMATION
 Certified lasers/radar, moving mode radar –
“in car” videos
 Digital Technology
Speed cameras – mobile/fixed
Red light cameras
Speed on green intersection cameras
Time over extended distance (highway cameras)
 Automatic Number Plate Recognition
 Intelligent use of data – apply enforcement
at the right time in the right location
 Aim – collision prevention through law
enforcement

22. THE STRATEGIC ROLE OF SAFETY
CAMERAS
 Sustainable change in driver behaviour
 Reduce Average Speed & Red light running
 Efficiency in Enforcement Processing
 Intelligent use of data from the Cameras
 USE ONLY GENERIC WARNINGS
 Black Spot VS General Compliance
 Revenue Raising VS ROAD SAFETY

23. EFFECTIVE ENFORCEMENT
STRATEGIES
 Education preceding enforcement
 Media parallel with enforcement
 Mix targeted enforcement with random
 Perception “Anywhere” “Anytime”
 High visibility patrols mixed with covert fleet
 Police – work in teams “saturation effect”
 Apply “courtesy & explanation”
 Publicize success

24. ENFORCEMENT STRATEGY
A. Collaborative C. Flexible to
B. Intelligence led address emerging
Dynamic
Evidence-based issues e.g. drugs &
Outcome - focused driving
4 Key Elements to any Enforcement Program – for
effectiveness and success
3. Fair, strict and 4. Well publicised
1. Highly visible and 2. Repeating
consistent enforcement activities –
active road policing enforcement
enforcement multiply enforcement
operations often
effectiveness
ALL factors are vital to success. PERCEPTION: ANYWHERE/ANYTIME/ANYBODY – if you drink
and drive you will be caught and punished
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25. COMMUNITY ATTITUDES
Target enforcement
Specific Deterrence
Persistent
offenders
General Deterrence
Need to modify
attitude/behaviour
Law abiding drivers/riders
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26. MAXIMISING COMMUNITY SELF-REGULATION
Partnerships &
Collaboration
•Proactive programs focused
on prevention and control
•Positively reinforcement,
reduced police intervention
Compliance required
(Enforcement & Education)
•Strategic and long term
•Self-regulation develops as planning between
part of moral controls Government and Community
Command & Control
(Enforcement Only) •Fear of being caught, so will •Community monitoring of
not drink and drive driver behaviours
•Resistance to change
•Medium level behavioural •Strong peer support for
•Public denial of problem change safer driving behaviour
•Short term behavioural •Limited peer support to
change only monitor those who still drink
•Many drivers will still take and drive
the risk and drive whilst (Do only what is necessary!)
impaired

27.  WHAT HAS WORKED WELL?
• Increased fines and doubled the period of mandatory
licence suspension (1978)
Early Initiatives
• Increased anti-drink driving publicity (1979)
• Introduced and promoted low alcohol beer (1979)
Legislation • Strong legislation to cover loopholes/excuses
•Funding support for police enforcement
•Random roadside alcohol testing
Enforcement •High visibility police enforcement
•High volume alcohol testing
•Specialist Police Traffic Alcohol Unit
• Graphic multi-million dollar publicity support
• Effective Education & Awareness Campaigns
Mass Media
Communication • Common message “If you drink, then drive, you are a
bloody idiot”
• Community engagement, education and emotion
• Set targets
Measurement and • Constant monitoring
Evaluation • Measure outcomes
• Research and evaluation 27

28. WHAT HAVE BEEN THE CHALLENGES?
• Community resistant to change
• Proving the relationship between low alcohol consumption and high
Community Attitudes
risks of impaired driving
• Dealing with the alcohol industry
Repeat offenders • Offenders avoiding police enforcement
• Sustainability of funding
Funding, resourcing,
• Maintaining police resources
equipment
• Focus on the best equipment
• Non-compliance with declared principles – High visibility, repeated
often, fair and consistent and well publicised enforcement
• Efficiency of processing test procedures
• Road safety – return on investment
Program Coordination • Proving effectiveness of the program – matching the enforcement
against the trauma
• Delivering the service
• Achieving cultural change – changing community habits of drinking
and driving
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29. FUTURE DIRECTIONS
• Stronger marketing campaigns
Marketing
• Education and community awareness
Data
• More effective use of available knowledge
Intelligence
• Vehicle impoundment – strengthen to reflect risk
Sanctions
• Alcohol interlock – broaden the use.
• Continue with 3.5million tests per annum
Enforcement
• Continue high visibility enforcement
Strengthen • Working with industry, working with commerce
Partnerships • Working with government agencies, local councils
• Have we gone far enough?
Constant Questions
• Are there ways to improve effectiveness?
• Attitude
• Behaviour
Philosophy
• Culture
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30. THE ‘SAFE SYSTEM’ APPROACH
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31. CONSIDERATIONS FOR INDONESIA?
• Road Safety Management – Responsibilities defined
Infrastructure •
•
Partnerships – Government Agencies, NGO’s, Industry, Commerce
Strategic Plan and Focus
• Strong legislation and judicial system
• Specialist Police Enforcement Unit(s) - Speed, Heavy Vehicle,
Alcohol
• Collection and Collation of Quality Data
Enforcement • Random breath testing capability
• Credible and reliable equipment
• Sound policies and procedures
• Effectiveness and efficiency in testing procedures
Community • Education and Awareness Programs
Education & • Community Involvement – Road Safety is the Community
• Road Safety Advertising
Awareness
Sustainable • Community education and awareness
• Police equipment for testing and safety equipment
Road Safety • Testing equipment for hospitals and mortuaries
Funding
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32. "TOGETHER WE CAN MAKE A
DIFFERENCE”
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33. PROGRAM OUTCOME
 Stronger Partnerships
 Community involvement &
acceptability
 Changed driver behaviours
 Reduced Collision Risk
 Reduction in Road Deaths/Road
Trauma
 A Safe Driving Environment for all
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34. QUESTIONS?
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