1. MANTHAN
Brain
Gain:
Promoting
Research
and
Innovation
Yamini
Bansal
Madalsa
Singh
Saniya
Pawar
Aaradhya
Srivastava
Ayush
Kanodia

2.
Lack
of
Commercially
viable
research
• India
filed
only
0.3%
of
total
world
patents
compared
to
China
which
filed
as
many
as
15%.
• India’s
total
patent
output
from
1981-­‐2011
was
approximately
37,000.
• China’s
patent
output
during
the
same
period
exceeded
150,000.
Lack
of
Innova5on-­‐driven
R&D
from
the
Private
Sector
• India
has
only
14
companies
in
the
2011
R&D
rankings
of
the
top
1400
world
companies
• The
highest
ranked
Indian
company,
Tata
Motors
stands
at
264th
in
comparison
to
General
Motors
which
is
9th
Current Scenario of R&D in India
Migra5on
of
Indian
Graduates
Abroad
• The
number
of
Indian
students
studying
abroad
in
2010
was
2,00,621
• Several
IT
graduates
had
leR
India
and
emerged
as
important
Entrepreneurs
where
15%
of
the
start
ups
today
are
supposed
to
by
people
of
Indian
origin
AMBIT
OF
THE
PROBLEM

3. Low
research
&
Low
pracUcal
component
in
curriculum
Absence
of
high-­‐knowledge
jobs
and
innovaUve
enterprises
Lower
competency
at
the
world
market
in
terms
of
product
innovaUon
and
technologies
India
sUll
relying
on
industries
harnessing
obsolete
techniques
StagnaUon
of
innovaUon
at
the
University
Level
StagnaUon
of
skills
at
the
Employability
Level
StagnaUon
of
technology
at
Industry
Level
StagnaUon
of
economy
due
to
non-­‐sustainability
*Lack
of
commercially
viable
research
*Lack
of
monetary
incenUves
*Research
is
not
marketable
*OpportuniUes
to
enter
industrial
research
abroad
*Companies
are
not
focusing
on
potenUal
technology
for
the
long
term
but
depending
on
exisUng
technology
*Absence
of
a
government-­‐
backed
engagement
forum
for
high
end
technology
*Private
companies
driven
by
quarterly
profits
and
“Returns
on
Investment”
*Companies
making
the
maximum
revenues
like
Indian
Oil
CorporaUon
are
not
those
which
heavily
depend
on
R&D
for
sustenance
*Lack
of
incenUve
to
invest
*The
trend
in
the
private
sector
is
to
buy
technology
rather
than
undertake
high-­‐risk,
high-­‐
investment
R&D
AMBIT
OF
THE
PROBLEM

4. PROPOSED
SOLUTION
Market-­‐Driven
Industry-­‐Academia
Engagement
Institute-­‐Industry
AfKiliate
Programs
Training
for
high-­‐
end
manpower
development
Creation
of
Kield-­‐
speciKic,
collaborative
Innovation
Clusters
We
suggest
ways
to
increase
the
%
contribu3on
of
the
Private
Sector
in
R&D
with
Academia
Israel
spends
more
than
4%
of
GDP
in
Research
&
Development
(R&D)
while
Japan,
South
Korea
and
Scandinavian
countries
spend
more
than
3%.
US,
France,
Germany
spend
more
than
2%
and
China
spends
more
than
1.50%.
But
the
most
important
point
is,
in
all
these
countries,
Industry
spends
more
than
government
in
R&D;
in
some
countries,
3
3mes
more
than
Government
spending.
In
India,
while
total
spending
in
R&D
is
around
1%,
Government's
spending
is
2
to
3
3mes
more
than
that
of
Industry's.

5. The
Industry
Innova0on
Clusters
under
Na0onal
Innova0on
Council
were
formed
with
the
objec0ve
of
catering
to
mutual
needs
of
industry
and
academia
by
providing
an
avenue
for
co-­‐opera0on.
Our
objec0ve
is
to
a@ract
private
investment
to
these
clusters
To
increase
funds
and
expand
to
high-­‐end
technological
research,
we
propose:
• CreaUon
of
clusters
specific
to
a
prominent
areas
of
research
like
Renewable
Energy,
Nanotechnology,
CS-­‐IT,
Manufacturing
Processes
• IntroducUon
of
lab
faciliUes
with
mulUple
university
partnerships
sponsored
by
private
companies
• Jointly
owned
lab
equipment
for
common
use
PROPOSED
SOLUTION:
INNOVATION
CLUSTERS
2.0
Landscaping
ConceptualizaUon
Product
Design
Servicing
Product
TesUng
Sales
University
Professors
and
Researchers
can
assist
the
companies
here
Why
is
this
beJer
than
them
working
in
their
own
R&D
labs?
• Jointly
owned
expensive
infrastructure
• Pre-­‐compeUUve
knowledge
sharing
• Opportunity
to
invest
in
high-­‐risk
research
• Access
to
mulUtudes
of
technology
on
the
same
ground
• High
concentraUon
of
experts
from
various
fields

6. Implementation
PROPOSED
SOLUTION:
INNOVATION
CLUSTERS
2.0
• The
government
will
set
aside
an
iniUal
seed
capital
for
the
NaUonal
InnovaUon
Council
to
develop
these
high-­‐end
technology
clusters
IniUal
capital
investment
• Private
Companies
in
all
sectors
will
be
invited
to
be
signatories
to
an
agreement
that
would
enable
them
to
sponsor
the
sejng
up
their
field-­‐specific
faciliUes
and
secure
returns
on
their
engagement.
Invite
companies
to
be
voluntary
signatories
• A
panel
consisUng
of
senior
research
scienUsts
and
industrial
representaUve
will
be
set
up
to
evaluate
the
prospecUve
areas
of
research
working
with
NaUonal
InnovaUon
Council
• The
panel
will
be
required
to
submit
detailed
proposals
on
the
resources
(lab
equipment
etc.)
required
for
the
sejng
up
of
each
cluster
IdenUficaUon
of
potenUal
areas
of
research
• ConstrucUon
of
the
facility
and
procurement
of
required
lab
equipments
in
a
specified
Ume
frame
• They
will
hold
regular
convenUons
to
make
road-­‐maps
for
development
and
idea-­‐exchange
Sejng
up
• Quarterly
meeUngs
will
be
held
at
the
clusters
to
facilitate
dialogue
between
private
companies
and
universiUes
to
review
current
work
and
evaluate
future
requirements
of
funding
• A
contact
point
will
be
provided
to
both
universiUes
and
industries
to
facilitate
easy
communicaUon
ConUnuing
Engagement

7. Stake-­‐Holder
Analysis
R&D
Government
of
India
Private
Players
Technical
Start-­‐Ups
University
Partners
*IniUal
Funding
for
basic
infrastructure
(Upto
10
years)
*Consistent
flow
of
funds
*Technical
SoluUons
*OpUmized
products
*Government
incenUves
*Opportunity
to
produce
prototypes
(linking
technological
development
to
commercial
products
)
*Infrastructure
*Challenging
problems
*New
Ideas/SoluUons
*Consultancy
*Funds
*Marketable
ideas
*Infrastructure
*HR
*IncubaUon
*Technical
assistance
Technical
research
of
*Strategic
importance
*Healthcare
*Socio-­‐Economic
PROPOSED
SOLUTION:
INNOVATION
CLUSTERS
2.0

8. University
of
Stanford
currently
has
more
40
academic
department-­‐corporate
affiliate
programs,
from
startups
to
mature
corporates,
to
provide
educa0on,
research
partnership
and
connec0ons
to
world
class
faculty
and
students
PROPOSED
SOLUTION:
AFFILIATE
PROGRAMS
FormaUon
of
inter-­‐
disciplinary
centers
within
universiUes
keeping
the
need
of
the
industry
in
mind
Industries
enter
into
affiliate
programs
with
these
centers
based
on
research
requirements
Companies
engage
for
consultancy,
tesUng
faciliUes,
process
opUmizaUon
and
technical
approvals
Impact:
1. Removes
the
hassles
involved
for
companies
requiring
soluUons
to
mulU-­‐disciplinary
problems
2. Students
working
in
the
department/research
lab
get
hands-­‐on
experience
of
industry
problem
statements
3. Introduces
the
relevance
of
applied
research
in
the
university
4. Involves
the
pumping
of
money
in
the
department/research
facility
as
opposed
to
the
money
earned
by
professors
through
individual
consultancy
as
in
status
quo
5. Opportunity
for
Industries
to
work
with
the
pool
of
scienUfic
experUse
from
abroad
through
the
network
of
the
exisUng
professors
ImplementaUon:
1. IdenUficaUon
of
prospecUve
problems
areas
in
industries
involving
mulUdisciplinary
research
2. Designing
a
legal
framework
for
the
affiliate
program
(resources
to
be
shared,
funds
to
be
provided)
3. Holding
annual
meeUngs
to
review
progress
of
the
program
and
anUcipate
future
requirements
4. Giving
enough
flexibility
to
exercise
IPR
to
both
the
industry
and
university

9. Descrip5on
Implementa5on
Impact
Fellowships
&
Exchange
Programs
Private
companies
will
consUtute
fellowship
programs/
exchange
programs
to
enable
university
students
to
work
with
industrial
research
groups
within
their
faciliUes
for
product
innovaUon
and
opUmizaUon
-­‐Provision
of
salary,
awards,
fringe
benefits
and
project
costs
-­‐PotenUal
of
becoming
a
permanent
employee
of
the
company
-­‐A
review
team
of
the
private
company
to
execute
selecUon
procedure,
performance
based
review
of
the
fellow
University:
• Increasing
employability
of
the
students
of
the
university
• Making
higher
educaUon
cost
effecUve
Industry:
• Employment
of
newly
acquired
technical
experUse
• PotenUal
long
term
employability
with
reduced
risk
Short
Term
Courses
at
University
for
Industry
employees
-­‐Specific
courses
designed
to
keep
industries
up
to
date
with
current
technology
with
a
special
emphasis
on
small
scale
industries
-­‐
Hands
on
training
about
latest
lab
equipment
and
technology
development
-­‐1-­‐2
week
courses/seminars
-­‐Publicity
for
available
courses
through
the
university
webpage
and
industry
convenUons
University:
• Funding
and
remunera5on
in
lieu
of
the
knowledge
• Use
of
academic
concepts
in
prac5cal
industrial
projects
Industry:
• Up-­‐to
date
manpower
• Technology
up-­‐gradaUon
• InteracUon
with
Professors
through
on
the
spot
problem
solving
PROPOSED
SOLUTIONS:
HIGH-­‐END
MANPOWER
DEVELOPMENT

10. CHALLENGES
AND
MITIGATION
• Private
companies
may
not
find
it
lucraUve
to
invest
in
research
owing
to
their
immediate
goals
of
quarterly
profits
• PotenUal
offering
of
fiscal
grants
&
other
incenUves
to
companies
to
reduce
risk
Industries
driven
by
‘Return
on
Investment’
•
Academia
and
industries
might
not
appreciate
the
mutual
benefits
of
the
symbiosis
• Successful
implementaUon
on
forums
like
idea-­‐exchange
&
convenUons
to
bring
about
direct
interacUon
Unawareness
about
mutual
benefits
• Industry
and
academia
may
not
come
on
agreeable
terms
over
the
possession
of
IPR
concerning
the
newly
developed
technologies
• Strengthening
the
naUonal
IPR
and
patent
laws
to
safeguard
research
and
innovaUon
• Revising
IPR
policies
at
the
University
level
to
facilitate
commercializaUon
of
a
student’s
research
and
thesis
Intellectual
Property
Conflict
• Challenge
of
striking
a
balance
between
the
flexibility
of
academic
research
and
market-­‐
driven
industrial
research
• Earmark
a
certain
amount
of
Government
fund
to
be
invested
in
fundamental
research
Applied
vs.
Pure
research
• PotenUal
misuse
of
funds,
red
tape
for
approvals,
corrupUon
on
a
government
level
• Lobbying
by
industries
to
further
their
self-­‐interests
based
on
profitability
instead
of
promoUng
innovaUve
technologies
• Robust
overseeing
of
implementaUon
through
periodic
reviews
&
centralized
audiUng
facility
(website)
by
commiqee,
academia
and
industry
alike
Bureaucracy
&
Lobbying

11. SOURCES
• White
Paper
on
R&D
:
Department
of
Science
&
Technology,
Government
of
India
• InnovaUon
and
Growth
:
RaUonale
for
an
InnovaUve
Strategy,
OrganizaUon
for
Economic
CooperaUon
and
Development
• Japanese
Research
and
InnovaUon
Policy,
published
by
VINNOVA
• Challenges
in
Industry-­‐Academia
CollaboraUon
by
Pankaj
Jalote,
Dept
of
CSE,
IIT
Kanpur
• www.bricdata.com
• Building
Bricks
:
Exploring
Global
Research
and
InnovaUon
impact
of
Brazil,
Russia,
India,
China,
South
Korea
by
Thomson
Reuters
• hqp://corporate.stanford.edu/affiliate_programs.html
• Science
and
Technology
InnovaUon
Policy
2013,
Government
of
India
• NaUonal
InnovaUon
Council,
Government
of
India
• Project
Atlas
:
India,
InsUtute
for
InternaUonal
EducaUon
• Special
Thanks
to
Prof.
Udayan
Ganguly,
Dept.
of
Electrical
Engineering
and
Prof.
S.D.Jog,
Dept.
of
Mechanical
Engineering
at
IIT
Bombay