1. MANTHAN
Brain
Gain:
Promoting
Research
and
Innovation
Yamini
Bansal
Madalsa
Singh
Saniya
Pawar
Aaradhya
Srivastava
Ayush
Kanodia

2.
Lack
of
Commercially
viable
research
India
filed
only
0.3%
of
total
world
patents
compared
to
China
which
filed
as
many
as
15%.
India’s
total
patent
output
from
1981-­‐2011
was
approximately
37,000.
China’s
patent
output
during
the
same
period
exceeded
150,000.
Lack
of
Innova5on-­‐driven
R&D
from
the
Private
Sector
India
has
only
14
companies
in
the
2011
R&D
rankings
of
the
top
1400
world
companies
The
highest
ranking
Indian
company
is
Tata
Motors
which
stands
at
264
as
compared
to
General
Motors
which
is
9th
Current Scenario of R&D in India
Migra5on
of
Indian
Graduates
Abroad
The
number
of
Indian
students
studying
abroad
in
2010
was
2,00,612
Several
IT
graduates
had
leR
India
and
emerged
as
important
Entrepreneurs
where
15%
of
the
start
ups
today
are
supposed
to
by
people
of
Indian
origin
AMBIT
OF
THE
PROBLEM

3. Low
research
&
Low
pracUcal
component
in
curriculum
Absence
of
high-­‐knowledge
jobs
and
innovaUve
enterprises
Lower
competency
at
the
world
market
in
terms
of
product
innovaUon
and
technologies
India
sUll
relying
on
industries
harnessing
obsolete
techniques
StagnaUon
of
innovaUon
at
the
University
Level
StagnaUon
of
skills
at
the
Employability
Level
StagnaUon
of
technology
at
Industry
Level
StagnaUon
of
economy
due
to
non-­‐sustainability
*Lack
of
commercially
viable
research
*Lack
of
monetary
incenUves
*Research
is
not
marketable
*OpportuniUes
to
enter
industrial
research
abroad
*Companies
are
not
focusing
on
potenUal
technology
for
the
long
term
but
depend
on
exisUng
technology
*Lack
of
foresight
*Driven
by
quarterly
profits
and
“Returns
on
Investment”
*Companies
making
the
maximum
revenues
like
Indian
Oil
CorporaUon
are
not
those
which
heavily
depend
on
R&D
for
sustenance
*Lack
of
incenUve
to
invest
*The
trend
in
the
private
sector
is
to
buy
technology
rather
than
undertaking
high-­‐risk,
high-­‐
investment
R&D
AMBIT
OF
THE
PROBLEM

4. PROPOSED
SOLUTION
Market-­‐Driven
Industry-­‐Academia
Engagement
Institute-­‐Industry
AfKiliate
Programs
Training
for
high-­‐
end
manpower
development
Creation
of
Kield-­‐
speciKic,
collaborative
Innovation
Clusters
We
suggest
ways
to
increase
the
%
contribu3on
of
the
Private
Sector
in
R&D
with
Academia
Israel
spends
more
than
4%
of
GDP
in
Research
&
Development
(R&D)
while
Japan,
South
Korea
and
Scandinavian
countries
spend
more
than
3%.
US,
France,
Germany
spend
more
than
2%
and
China
spends
more
than
1.50%.
But
the
most
important
point
is,
in
all
these
countries,
Industry
spends
more
than
government
in
R&D
in
some
countries
3
3mes
more
than
Government
spending.
In
India,
while
total
spending
in
R&D
is
around
1%,
Government's
spending
is
2
to
3
3mes
more
than
that
of
Industry's.

5. The
Industry
Innova0on
Clusters
under
Na0onal
Innova0on
Council
were
formed
with
the
objec0ve
of
catering
to
mutual
needs
of
industry
and
academia
by
providing
an
avenue
for
co-­‐opera0on.
Our
objec0ve
is
to
a@ract
private
investment
to
these
clusters
To
increase
funds
and
expand
to
high-­‐end
technological
research,
we
propose:
• CreaUon
of
clusters
specific
to
a
prominent
area
of
research
like
Renewable
Energy,
Nanotechnology,
CS-­‐IT,
Manufacturing
Processes
• IntroducUon
of
lab
faciliUes
with
mulUple
university
partnerships
sponsored
by
private
companies
• Jointly
owned
lab
equipment
for
common
use
• Opportunity
for
UniversiUes
to
create
Prototypes
instead
of
non-­‐commercial
theoreUcal
research
which
private
companies
would
be
more
willing
to
invest
in.
PROPOSED
SOLUTION:
INNOVATION
CLUSTERS
2.0
Landscaping
ConceptualizaUon
Product
Design
Servicing
Product
TesUng
Sales
University
Professors
and
Researchers
can
assist
the
companies
here
Why
is
this
beIer
than
them
working
in
their
own
R&D
labs?
• Jointly
owned
expensive
infrastructure
• Pre-­‐compeUUve
knowledge
sharing
• Opportunity
to
invest
in
high-­‐risk
research
• Access
to
mulUtudes
of
technology
on
the
same
ground
• High
concentraUon
of
experts
from
various
fields

6. Implementation
PROPOSED
SOLUTION:
INNOVATION
CLUSTERS
2.0
• The
government
will
set
aside
an
iniUal
seed
capital
for
the
NaUonal
InnovaUon
Council
to
develop
these
high-­‐end
technology
clusters
IniUal
capital
investment
• Private
Companies
in
all
sectors
will
be
invited
to
be
signatories
to
an
agreement
that
would
enable
them
to
sponsor
the
sejng
up
their
field-­‐specific
faciliUes
and
secure
returns
on
their
engagement.
Invite
companies
to
be
voluntary
signatories
• A
panel
consisUng
of
senior
research
scienUsts
and
industrial
representaUve
will
be
set
up
to
evaluate
the
prospecUve
areas
of
research
working
with
NaUonal
InnovaUon
Council
• The
panel
will
be
required
to
submit
detailed
proposals
on
the
resources
(lab
equipment
etc.
)
required
for
the
sejng
up
of
each
cluster
IdenUficaUon
of
potenUal
areas
of
research
• ConstrucUon
of
the
facility
and
procurement
of
required
lab
equipments
in
a
specified
Ume
frame
• They
will
hold
regular
convenUons
making
road-­‐maps
for
development
and
idea-­‐exchange
Sejng
up
• Quarterly
meeUngs
will
be
held
at
the
clusters
to
facilitate
dialogue
between
private
companies
and
universiUes
to
review
current
work
and
evaluate
future
requirements
of
funding
• A
contact
point
will
be
provided
to
both
universiUes
and
industries
to
facilitate
easy
communicaUon
ConUnuing
Engagement

7. Stake-­‐Holder
Analysis
R&D
Government
of
India
Private
Players
Technical
Start-­‐Ups
University
Partners
*IniUal
Funding
for
basic
infrastructure
(Upto
10
years)
*Consistent
flow
of
funds
*Technical
SoluUons
*OpUmized
products
*Government
incenUves
*Opportunity
to
produce
prototypes
(linking
technological
development
to
commercial
products
)
*Infrastructure
*Challenging
problems
*New
Ideas/SoluUons
*Consultancy
*Funds
*Marketable
ideas
*Infrastructure
*HR
*IncubaUon
*Technical
assistance
Technical
research
of
*Strategic
importance
*Healthcare
*Socio-­‐Economic
PROPOSED
SOLUTION:
INNOVATION
CLUSTERS
2.0

8. University
of
Stanford
currently
has
more
40
academic
department-­‐corporate
affiliate,
from
startups
to
mature
corporates,
to
provide
educa0on,
research
partnership
and
connec0ons
to
world
class
faculty
and
students
PROPOSED
SOLUTION:
AFFILIATE
PROGRAMS
FormaUon
of
inter-­‐
disciplinary
centers
within
universiUes
keeping
the
need
of
the
industry
in
mind
Industries
enter
into
affiliate
programs
with
these
centers
based
on
research
requirements
Companies
engage
for
consultancy,
tesUng
faciliUes,
process
opUmizaUon
and
technical
approvals
Impact:
1. Remove
the
hassles
involved
for
companies
requiring
soluUons
to
mulU-­‐disciplinary
problems
2.
Students
working
in
the
department/research
lab
get
hands-­‐on
experience
of
industry
problem
statements
3. Introduces
the
relevance
of
applied
research
in
the
university
4. Involves
the
pumping
of
money
in
the
department/research
facililty
as
opposed
to
the
money
earned
by
professors
through
individual
consultancy
as
in
status
quo
5. Opportunity
for
Industries
to
work
with
the
pool
of
scienUfic
experUse
from
abroad
through
the
network
of
the
exisUng
professors
ImplementaUon:
1. IdenUficaUon
of
prospecUve
problems
areas
in
industries
involving
mulUdisciplinary
research
2. Designing
a
legal
framework
for
the
affiliate
program
(resources
to
be
shared,
funds
to
be
provided)
3. Holding
annual
meeUngs
to
review
progress
of
the
program
and
anUcipate
future
requirements
4. Giving
enough
flexibility
to
exercise
IPR
to
both
the
industry
and
university

9. Descrip5on
Implementa5on
Impact
Fellowships
&
Exchange
Programs
Private
companies
will
consUtute
fellowship
programs/
exchange
programs
to
enable
university
students
to
work
with
industrial
research
groups
within
their
faciliUes
for
product
innovaUon
and
opUmizaUon
-­‐Provision
of
salary,
awards,
fringe
benefits
and
project
costs
-­‐PotenUal
of
becoming
a
permanent
employee
of
the
company
-­‐A
review
team
of
the
private
company
to
execute
selecUon
procedure,
performance
based
review
of
the
fellow
University:
Increase
employability
of
the
students
of
the
university
Make
higher
educaUon
cost
effecUve
Industry:
• Employment
of
newly
acquired
technical
experUse
• PotenUal
long
term
employability
with
reduced
risk
Short
Term
Courses
at
University
for
Industry
employees
-­‐Specific
courses
designed
to
keep
industries
up
to
date
with
current
technology
with
a
special
emphasis
on
small
scale
industries
-­‐
Hands
on
training
about
latest
lab
equipment
and
technology
development
-­‐1-­‐2
week
courses/seminars
-­‐Publicity
for
available
courses
through
the
university
webpage
and
industry
convenUons
University:
Funding
and
remunera5on
in
lieu
of
the
knowledge
Use
of
academic
concepts
in
prac5cal
industrial
projects
Industry:
Up-­‐to
date
manpower
Technology
up-­‐gradaUon
InteracUon
with
Professors
through
on
the
spot
problem
solving
PROPOSED
SOLUTIONS:
HIGH-­‐END
MANPOWER
DEVELOPMENT

10. • ConKlicts
between
private
players
and
universities
in
the
innovation
clusters
due
to
IPR
• Abiding
by
Non-­‐Disclosure
Agreements
as
multiple
companies
will
work
in
the
same
R&D
space
• Initial
cost
to
be
borne
by
the
Government
for
setting
up
facilities
• Pertinent
challenge
of
corruption
in
setting
up
a
innovation
facilities
Challenges and Risks

11. Sources
• The
2011
EU
Industrial
R&D
Investment
Scoreboard
:
hPp://iri.jrc.ec.europa.eu/scoreboard11.html
• NIC:
hpp://www.innovaUoncouncil.gov.in
• Thomson
Reuters
Web
of
Knowledge
• DST:
White
Paper
on
R&D:
dst.gov.in/white-­‐paper.pd
• STI
Policy
2013
• hpp://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/RL33526.pdf
• hpp://www.pppinindia.com/Defining-­‐PPP.php
• hpp://www.stanford.edu/group/ICO/industry/industryAffiliate.html
Acknowledgements
• Prof.
Udayan
Ganguly,
Electrical
Engineering,
IIT
Bombay
• Prof.
S.D.
Jog,
Mechanical
Engineering,
IIT
Bombay