1. SUNRISE STATES
REALISING THE GROWTH POTENTIAL OF NORTH EAST INDIA
PRESENTED BY-
TEAM ANJAN
NEHA PAI
MANASI SABADRA
DISHA WALUNJ
MONIKA WANKHEDE
PRANITA SAWANT

2. •NAME:NORTH-EASTERN REGION (NER),INDIA.
STATES:ASSAM,ARUNACHAL PRADESH, MIZORAM, SIKKIM,
NAGALAND, MANIPUR,TRIPURA
•LOCATION: BETWEEN 21.5O TO 29.50 NORTH LATITUDES.
BETWEEN 85.5 O TO 97.5 O EAST LONGITUDES.
•TOPOGRAPHY: HIGHLY RUGGED STEEP MOUNTAINS AND HILLS TO
ROLLING TOPOGRAPHY OF PLATEAU REGION
•CLIMATE: THE AVERAGE ANNUAL RAINFALL OF THE REGION VARIES
FROM 2000 TO 4000 MM. THE CLIMATE VARIES FROM SUB- TROPICAL
TO EXTREME TEMPERATURE
•TRIBES: 200 TRIBES EXIST OF WHICH SOME ARE BODO, KUKI,
RENGMA,ETC.
•DEMOGRAPHICS: THE TOTAL POPULATION IN 2001 WAS 10286.10
MILLIONS. THE POPULATION DENSITY IN THE REGION VARIES FROM
55-60 PERSONS PER KM2 AS COMPARED TO 275-290 PERSONS PER
KM2 IN PLAINS.
SUNRISE STATES
REALISING GROWTH POTENTIAL OF NORTH EAST REGION

3. SUNRISE STATES
POTENTIALS HURDLES INFLUENCES EFFECTS
AGRICULTURE FLOOD TRADITIONAL
PRACTICES, NO
MODIFICATIONS AS PER
REQUIREMENT
LOW PRODUCTION,
FUTURE NEEDS
PHYSICAL
INFRASTRUCTURE
TERRAIN NATURAL AND
POLITICAL
UNDERDEVELOPED
INSTEAD OF ITS
CONTRIBUTION TO THE
NATION AND ITS
POTENTIALS
SKILL
DEVELOPMENT
EDUCATION
SYSTEM AND
MIGRATION
GLOBAL AND NATIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
GETTING FROM
TRADITIONALVALUES
AND ORIGINALITY
OTHER PROBLEMS THAT NEEDS CRITICAL HANDLING:
1. POLITICAL AND MILITARY INFLUENCES
2. LACK OF UNITY WITHIN THE REGION AS “NORTH EAST INDIA”
3. REGIONAL INFLLUENCES REGARDING POLICIES OF BETTER STATE ON DEVELOPING ONES.
“EARTH IS THE
SAVIOUR OF EARTH”
AGRICULTURE
HUMAN
POWER
INFRA-
STRUCTURE
ISSUES AND RELATIONS
WHAT
THEY
CAN
DO?
WHAT
DO THEY
HAVE?
WHAT
DO
THEY
NEED?

4. SUNRISE STATES
ADMINISTRATIVE POLICY
INDIVIDUAL
COMMUNITY
GRAM
PANCHAYAT
LOK SABHA
CENTRAL
GOVERN-
MENT
•DIRECT PARTICIPATION IN THE DISCUSSIONS REGARDING ISSUES
• RESPONSIBLE FOR ELECTING THE COMMUNITY REPRESENTATIVES IN THE
GRAM PANCHAYAT
•ROLE AS A WITNESS TO THE GRAM PANCHAYAT MEETINGS
• AS ONE COMPONENT (OUT OF 4/5 TRIBES) OF THE GRAM PANCHAYAT
• COMMUNITY BASED ON REGION AND NOT BASED ON CASTE OR ANY
DISCRIMINATION
• THEY CAN EXPRESS OR PROPOSE THEIR REQUIREMENTS OR POLICIES IN FRONT
OF GOVERNMENT THROUGH RESPECTIVE GRAM PANCHAYAT
•REPRESENTATIVES OF 4-5 TRIBES FORMING A
BODY
• UNBIASED JUDGEMENT
• WRITTEN DOCUMENTATION OF EVERY MEET
AND DISCUSSIONS WITH DUE APPROVAL OF
WITNESSES
•IT WILL WORK TOWARDS AGRICULTURAL AND
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT , AWARENESS AND
MAINTENANCE OF LAW AND ORDER
BLURRING THE BOUNDARIES BETWEEN THE
NORTH EASTERN STATES CAN ENABLE THEIR
DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRESS AT
COMMUNITY LEVEL AND CREATE INTER TRIBE
BONDING TO EMERGE AS ONE WHOLE REGION
THAT BELONGS TO INDIA.
•GOVERNING BODIES OF
NORTH EAST
REGION WITH BIFURCATIONS
AS NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN
REGIONS
• FILTRATING UNIT BETWEEN
GRAM PANCHAYAT AND
CENTRAL GOVERNMENT
CONSIDERING ISSUES
• DELIVERATION OF
PROPOSALS FOR
THEDEVELOPMENT OF NORTH
EAST REGION
• IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROGRAM FROM
LOK SABHA WITH NEEDED REVISION
• PROVIDING FINANCIAL AND MORAL SUPPORT
BLURRING THE BOUNDARIES
GRAM
PANCHAYAT.
(G.P) 1
G.P 2
G.P. 3
STATE 1
STATE 2

5. ADMINISTRATIVE POLICY
SUNRISE STATES
FORMATION GUIDELINES – LOCAL GOVERNING BODY (PROPOSAL)
“BRIDGING THE GAP”
( BRINGING THE GOVERNMENT TO THE LOCALS)
• THE BODY SHALL EXIST AT A VILLAGE LEVEL WITH
REPRESENTATIVES FROM EVERY TRIBE SO AS TO MAINTAIN
EQUALITY IN THE ADMINISTRATION.
• THE MEMBERS OF THIS BODY SHALL BE CHOSEN AS A RESULT
OF VARIOUS EVENTS FOR JUDGING THEIR CAPABILITY TO
HANDLE GOVERNANCE AT COMMUNITY LEVEL AND COME TO
AN APT AND JUST SOLUTION TO ANY PROBLEMS ARISEN.
• MEMBERS SHALL ADDRESS THE LOCAL ISSUES AND OPINIONS
OF THEIR VILLAGE AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL BODY WITH
HIGHER AUTHORITY AND LARGER AREA UNDER
ADMINISTRATION.
• THE LOCAL ISSUES THAT ARE TAKEN TO THE HIGHER LEVEL
BODY HAVE TO BE FIRST THOROUGHLY DISCUSSED AND
DEBATED IN THE CONSENT OF THE PEOPLE OF THE VILLAGERS
(WOMEN AND MEN AT EQUAL BASIS)
• INITIATIVE FROM THE YOUTH OF THE REGION FOR THE
REFORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION SHALL BE
HIGHLY APPRECIATED.
• EVERY MEETING WITH THE LOCALS MUST BE THOROU GHLY
DOCUMENTED WITH ITS CONCLUSIONS AND ANALYSIS, AND
SIGNED BY THE APPROPRIATE WITNESSES TO MAINTAIN
TRANSPARENCY AND AVOID SCANDALS.
THE BODY GOVERNS THE
REGION IN THREE SECTORS
AGRICULTURE SOCIAL
AWARENESS,
REFORMATION
• JUST DISTRIBUTION OF CROPS
• POWER TO DECIDE ON EXPORT AND
IMPORT (AS PER SURPLUS AND DEMAND)
• TACKLING ISSUES AND CRIMES WITHIN SOCIETY-
AN EQUIVALENT TO REGIONAL COURT.
• MAINTAINING THE HERITAGE AND CULTURE IN
RIGHT WAY WITH DUE CHANGES IN FAVOUR OF
TRUE HUMANITY.
• A BODY WHICH WILL LOOK OVER TO THE IMPLEMENTATION
OF NEW DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS IN THE REGION

6. AGRICULTURAL ADMINISTRATING PROFILE
FARM LANDS FALLOW LANDS
AVAILABLE LAND DISTRESIBUTION
AGRICULTURAL POLICY (PROPOSAL)- FOR ONE GRAMPANCHAYAT UNIT
CURRENT SCENARIO
• THE REGION IS ENDOWED WITH A VARIED TOPOGRAPHY AND
AGRO-CLIMACTIC CONDITIONS WHICH OFFER VAST POTENTIAL FOR
AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY.
• AGRICULTURE PROVIDES LIVELIHOOD TO 70% OF THE REGION’S
POPULATION.
• THE STATES CONTINUE TO BE NET IMPORTERS OF FOOD GRAINS
EVEN FOR THEIR OWN CONSUMPTION.
• LOW PRODUCTIVITY IN AGRICULTURE UNDER INDIVIDUAL
LANDOWNERS DUE TO ITS DIVISION INTO SMALL PATCHES OF LAND.
“ NEED TO AVOID OWNERSHIP DISPUTES AND INCREASE
PRODUCTION” ………….Hence the programme….
Because…..
JHUM CYCLE
-MOST TRADITIONAL WAY OF AGRICULTURE
IN THE REGION
- THE CYCLE IS THE PROCESS WHICH INCLUDES
KEEPING THE LAND FALLOW FOR SOME SPECIFIC TIME,
TILL THEN THE FARMER DO THE FARMING ON SOME
OTHER LAND.
- THE TIME PERIOD MAY VARY FROM 2-15 YEARS.
MAIN DRAWBACKS:1. OUTPUT BECOMES HALF
2. MORE ACQUISITION OF LAND,
LEAD TO MANY DISPUTES
REGARDING OWNERSHIP
SUNRISE STATES
STAGES IN THE PROGRAM( POLICY)
1. IRRADICATION OR MODIFICATION OF NON-SUITABLE AGRICULTURAL
PRACTICES.
2.ONE GRAM PANCHAYAT OWNS
ONE ‘WHOLE’ FARM LAND
3.PRODUCTION FOR WHOLE
REGION DONE UNITEDLY- DISTRIBUTION OF LAND BASED ON ITS
CONTENTS AND THEN IRRIGATING THEM TOGETHER.
+ = LOW PRODUCTION= DOESN’T FULFIL
ALL NEEDS
+ = PRODUCTION OF MANY
DIFF. FOOD ITEMS
=
THEN DISTRIBUTING
IT FURTHER AMONG
PEOPLE
4. DISTRIBUTION OF FOOD
BASED ON NUTRITIVE
REQUIREMENT PER
PERSON AND NOT BASED
ON FAMILY OR OWN-
ERSHIP

7. SKILL DEVELOPMENT
• EMPOWERING AN INDIVIDUAL
FINANCIALLY.
• FACILATING AN IN-HOUSE
OCCUPATION IN ADDITION TO
AGRICULTURE.
• DEVELOPMENT AND
CONSERVATION OF TRADITIONAL
PRACTICES.
• WIDE RANGE OF SOCEITAL AND
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT.
• CREATING COMMON GROUND FOR
INTERACTION WITHIN COMMUNITY.
• GIVING A UNIQUE IDENTITY TO
EACH SKILLED –BASED
COMMUNITIES.
• GIVING A BOOST TO THE STANDARD
OF LIVING OF REGION.
• SOCIETIES PRACTISING SIMILAR
SKILLS HAVE A SCOPE OF HEALTHY
COMPETITION.
SUNRISE STATES
INDIVIDUAL
SKILL
DEVELOPMENT
SELF DEPENDENT
IN RESPECTIVE
FIELDS
COMMUNITY SKILL
DEVELOPMENT
INTERDEPENDENCE
ON COMMUNITY
LEVEL
START OF
DEVELOPING
SOCEITY
IMPROVED
STANDARD OF
LIVING
• THE INTERDEPENDENCY AT COMMUNITY LEVEL LEADS TO FORMATION OF THE LOCAL BODY - GRAM PANCHAYAT WHICH IN
TURN GOVERNS THESE COMMUNITIES.
• THE MEMBERS BEING THEMSELVES SKILLED ,THEY PROMOTE THE DEVELOPMENT AND SPREAD OF THESE SKILLS.
• ALSO ,THE MEMBERS BEING AMONG THOSE SKILLED ,THE LOCALS CAN EASILY PUT FORTH THEIR OPINIONS AND ISSUES.
• THEY CONTRIBUTE TO THE CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AND ECONOMIC STABILITY OF THE REGION.
SKILLS PRACTISED
IN NER

8. SUNRISE STATES
WATER CHANNELISING SYSTEM- TUNNEL
WATER AND NORTH EAST REGION
• NEED OF CATERING PROBLEM OF PROTECTION FROM FLOODS
• SMALLER AREA, LARGE AMOUNT OF WATER-CAUSING DESTRUCTION
OBJECTIVE OF THE SYSTEM
• RESCUE FROM FLOODS
• FACILITATING WATER SERVICES TO REMOTEST AREAS EQUALLY
• APPROPRIATE AND BETTER USE OF FLOOD WATER
THE WATER CHANNELISING PROGRAMME
• DIVERTING WATER FLOW TOWARDS DROUGHT PRONE AREAS-
-NEAREST DROUGHT PRONE AREA WHICH CAN ACCOMMODATE THE
AMOUNT OF WATER AVAILABLE IN EXCESS (IN NORTH EAST REGION) IS
RANCHI,JHARKHAND.
-THE WATER CAN BE CHANNELISED BY CREATING DISTRIBUTARIES
IN THE FORM OF TUNNELS.
ROUTE OF CHANNEL
TEJPUR BONGAIGAON SILIGIRI KISHANGANJ PURNIA BHAGALPUR RANCHI
•
-THE TUNNELS SHOULD HAVE GRADUAL SLOPE TO ALLOW SEEPAGE OF WATER TO INCREASE WATER TABLE LEVEL
-THIS TUNNELS WILL BE A SPINAL CORD OF THIS STATES PROVIDING WITH DEVELOPING OPPORTUNITIES.
-THE AREAS NEAR THIS TUNNELS WILL BE RECREATIONAL GROUNDS TO MAKE IT A PART OF HUMANLIFE,
MAINTAINING NATURAL HERITAGE OF THIS AREAS.
FURTHER CHANNELISING THE FLOW
INTO REMOTE AREAS
-THE TUNNEL WILL BE CHANNELISED
AS SMALLLER CHANNELS TO THE TRIBES .
-THEY WILL BE STORED FOR REGULAR USE
INTO WELLS OR TANKS (CONSTRUCTED BY
NATURAL MATERIALS)
-THE WATER BODIES THEN WILL BE
MAINTAINED BY THE RESPECTIVE LOCAL
BODY.
O
R
I
G
I
N

9. SUNRISE STATES
WATER CHANNELISING SYSTEM-IMPLEMENTATION, USES AND DRAWBACKS
-
CONSENT – THE CONSENT OF PEOPLE , GOVERNMENTAL
BODIES FOR ALLOWING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PROJECT
HUMAN RESOURCE- EMPLOYMENT OF LOCAL PEOPLE FOR
THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE PROJECT.
MONETARY HELP- FINANCIAL HELP FROM GOVERNMENT
FUNDS.
TECHNOLOGY- FOR FAST CONSTRUCTION OF THE TUNNELS
BETTER TECHNOLOGY IS NEEDED TO BE MADE AVAILABLE
TRANSPORT-GOOD QUALITY GRAVEL ROADS ARE REQUIRED
FOR EASY TRANSPORT OF CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT- ECONOMICAL MANAGEMENT
OF MATERIAL CONSIDERING INVESTMENT & OUTPUT RATIO.
• REQUIREMENT FOR TUNNEL CONSTRUCTION
RETAINING
WALLS
SEEPAGE OF WATER
TUNNEL SECTION
MITIGATION OF ROAD TRANSPORT
• CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS BY BASIC LOCAL MATERIALS
AVAILABLE.
• THIS ENSURES LOCAL PARTICIPATION IN THE
CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF THE ROADS.
• ALSO THEFUNDS REQUIRED FOR ITS CONSTRUCTION
WOULD BE MINIMUM AS IT SAVES ON THE
TRANSPORTATION AND USE OF TAR AND CONCRETE
MATERIALS.
• IN CASE OF FLOODING, THE WATER WOULD EASILY
SEEP THROUGHTHE ROADS THUS AVOIDING WATER
LOGGING AND POTHOLES ON ROADS.
WATER FLOWING TO CREATE A
HISTORICAL CHANGE-
“A CIVILIZATION”
ROAD SECTION
1.SOFT EARTH
2.GRAVELS
3.ROCKS

10. SUNRISE STATES
WATER CHANNELING SYSTEM- POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE IMPACTS.
POSITIVE
• DIVERSION OF EXCESS FLOOD WATER FROM THE RIVER TO THE REMOTEST OF THE TRIBAL VILLAGES TO GIVE ADDITIONAL
IMPETUS TO AGRICULTURE.
• CONNECTIVITY OF THE NORTH EASTERN REGION TO OTHERS STATES OF INDIA .
• THIS SHALL ENABLE THE INTRODUCTION OF SOME LIBERAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL POLICIES OF OTHER STATES TO THE NORTH
EASTERN REGION.
• THE PROJECT SHALL ENHANCE THE BIODIVERSITY OF THE REGIONS AROUND THE TUNNEL.
• WATER TRANSPORT SHALL TAKE PLACE WITH IN THE COUNTRY BY WAY OF LOCAL BOATS AND OTHER SOURCES.
• THIS SHALL GIVE NEW SECONDARY OCCUPATION TO THE LOCAL TRIBES, VIZ.,BOAT MAKING, PISCICULTURE.
• THE RECREATIONAL SPACES FORMED ALONG THE TUNNEL SHALL INCREASE THE LOCAL INTERACTION AS WELL AS INTERSTATE
PROGRAMMES.
• THE ROADWAY WILL ENSURE PROPER TRANSPORT FOR THE BUDDING OCCUPATIONS TO PROGRESS AND REACH OUT TO DIFFERENT
PLACES.
NEGATIVE
• THE GOVERNMENT FUNDING POLICIES MAY NOT SUFFICE THE PROPOSAL.
• ALLOWANCES AND SUBSIDIES SHALL BE A PART OF THE COSTING PROPOSAL FOR SPECIAL CONSIDERATION TO THE NORTH
EASTERN REGION.
• THE RESOURCES OF THE NORTHEAST MAY IN TIME SHIFT ITS FOCUS TOWARDS OTHER STATES LEADING TO STAGNANCY IN THE
REGION.
• THE PROJECT MAINLY AIMS AT ENHANCING THE GROWTH POTENTIAL OF THE REGION.THEREFORE, THE RESOURCES SHALL BE FIRST
USED IN DEVELOPMENT OF REGION.
• THE WATER BODY MAY LEAD TO INTERSTATE DISPUTES SPOILING THE LAW AND ORDER OF THE STATES.
• AWARENESS IMPARTED TO THE CITIZENS OF STATES SHALL LEAD TO MUTUAL UNDERSTANDING AMONG THE STATES.
• INFILTRATION OF CROSS BORDER ANTI SOCIAL ELEMENTS MAY LEAD TO ITS MISUSE.
• THE ASSISTANCE OF THE MILITARY FORCES FOR THE SECURITY AND ALERTNESS OF LOCALS SHALL RESTRICT INFILTRATION.
• MAINTENANCE OF THE TUNNEL COULD BE A CHALLENGE FOR THE LOCALS IN TERMS OF MONETARY FUNDING.
• TRAINING THE LOCALS FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF TUNNEL,AND INITIATIVE BY THE LOCAL ADMINISTRATIVE BODIES TO MAKE
SAVINGS ON COMMUNITY LEVEL FOR ITS FUNDING AS ALSO PROVISION OF FUNDS FROM CENTRAL GOVERNMENT OF INDIA.

11. SUNRISE STATES
CONCLUSIONS
NORTH EAST REGION IS A RICH SOURCE OF NATURAL AND ECONOMIC RESOURCE FOR THE COUNTRY. THE GROWTH
POTENTIAL IS HIGH BUT NOT EXPLORED TO ITS OPTIMUM ABILITY. THUS AWARENESS TO THE LOCAL COMMUNITY
AND MINIMAL INTERVENTIONS SHALL GIVE AN INITIATIVE FOR THEIR DEVELOPMENT.
UNITY AMONG THE NORTHEASTERN STATES.
• BLURRING THE SOCIAL BOUNDRIES BETWEEN THE COMMUNITIES SHALL ENHANCE THE BELONGINESS OF THE
PEOPLE TOWARDS THE DIVERSITY AMONG THE STATES.
• THIS SHALL RESULT IN UNITY AMONG THEM THERE BY GIVING A BETTER SCOPE FOR INDIA TO FACILITATE AND
IMPROVE ITS CONNECTIVITY WITH REST OF THE COUNTRY.
• UNITY WILL ENSURE THEIR DEVELOPMENT AT COMMUNITY LEVEL.
DEVELOPMENT OF STANDARD OF LIVING.
• SKILL DEVELOPMENT IN COMMUNITIES INTRODUCE ALTERNATIVE OCCUPATIONS.
•ALTERNATIVE OCCUPATION SHALL INCREASE THE INCOME AT INDIVIDUAL LEVEL.
ECONOMIC STABILITY.
• ECONOMIC STABILITY OF INDIVIDUAL SHALL CONTRIBUTE IN ACHIEVING THE ECONOMIC STABILITY OF REGION.
IMPETUS TO AGRICULTURE.
• PREVENTING THE SMALLER DIVISION OF LAND, AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE PRODUCT AT A LATER STAGE SHALL
ALLOW TO INCREASE THE NUTRITIVE VALUE OF THE CLAN.
• ENCOURAGING AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES SHALL ALLOW DEVELOPMENT THUS OPENING DOORS TO MORE
OPPORTUNITIES.
• REDUCTION IN WASTAGE OF LAND BY PLANNED FARMING SYSTEM.
DECREASE IN MIGRATORY FACTORS.
• BETTER OPPORTUNITIES AND IMPROVED STANDARD OF LIVING IN THE REGION SHALL CURB MIGRATION.
• REDUCTION IN MIGRATION WILL LEAD TO SMOOTH FUNCTIONING OF THE AGRICULTURE BY PROVIDING HUMAN
RESOURCE.
CONSERVATION OF TRADITIONS AND CULTURE.
• IMPROVEMENT IN SKILL DEVELOPMENT WILL LEAD TO THE CONSERVATION OF NORTHEASTERN CULTURE AND
TRADITIONS.
WATER MANAGEMENT
• DIVERTING THE EXCESS FLOOD WATER TO DROUGHT PRONE AREAS LIKE JHARKHAND SHALL ENSURE OPTIMUM
USAGE OF NATURAL RESOURCES.
EVERY SMILE COUNTS

12. REFERENCES
• AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN NORTH-EASTERN INDIA: THE ROLE OF NABARD,K.G KARMAKAR, ASCI JOURNAL OF
MANAGEMENT 37(2): 89–108
• NORTH EASTERN REGION VISION 2020, MINISTRY OF DEVELOPMENT OF NORTH EASTERN REGION, NORTH EAST COUNCIL.
• PLANNING COMMISSION. 2002. INDIA: VISION 2020. GOVERNMENT OF INDIA.
• SHARMA, P. 1988, WATERLOGGED LANDS IN NAGAON DISTRICT ASSAM: A STUDY IN ENVIRONMENTAL GEOMORPHOLOGY.
• RANGACHARI, R., AND OTHERS. 2000. LARGE DAMS: INDIA’S EXPERIENCE. WCD CASE STUDY PREPARED AS AN INPUT TO THE WORLD
COMMISSION ON DAMS, CAPE TOWN.
• NEC (NORTH EASTERN COUNCIL). 2005. BASIC STATISTICS OF NORTH EAST REGION.
• REPORT OF THE WORKING GROUP ON AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN EASTERN & NORTH EASTERN INDIA
FOR THE FORMULATION OF THE TENTH FIVE YEAR PLAN GOVERNMENT OF INDIA.
•NORTH-EAST_SUMMIT-2013.
•F.A.O., 1984.ALTERNATIVES TO SHIFTING CULTIVATION.
•JACKSON, M. G. 2001. LET US TAKE ANOTHER LOOK AT JHUM CULTIVATION. ASIAN AGRI- HISTORY.
•SHARMA, U.C., 1996. YIELD SUSTAINABILITY & STRATEGIES IN NORTH EASTERN STATES. PRODUCTIVITY.
www.tripura.nic.in/kt3.html
http://www.censusindia.net/results/provdata.xls.
•"RALLY DEMANDS PROTECTION OF MANIPUR TERRITORIAL INTEGRITY", ASSAM TRIBUNE, SEPTEMBER 30, 2000. THE RALLY WAS
ORGANISED IN IMPHAL BY THE NATIONAL IDENTITY PROTECTION COMMITTEE AND APUNBA MANIPUR KANBA IMA LUP (AMKIL).
•"FINALLY, ASSAM TO RECOMMEND BODO COUNCIL TO THE CENTRE ", THE INDIAN EXPRESS, FEBRUARY 12, 2002.
www.wikipedia.com
www.google.com
www.shangaiexpress.com
SUNRISE STATES