UN-SPIDER Workshop presentation

1. Second UN-SPIDER Workshop
October 13 – 15, 2008
Bonn, Germany
Community based vulnerability
assessment
The case of flood risk reduction in Central
Mozambique
Stefan Kienberger
Centre for Geoinformatics | Salzburg University | www.zgis.at
Stefan Kienberger | Researcher | stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

2. Mozambique - Hazards
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

3. Flood 2000: Impressions
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

4. Disaster Risk Reduction in
Mozambique
 Strong support through INGC (=national authority
responsible for disaster risk reduction, response &
relief)
 Decentralisation efforts  disaster risk reduction
measures done at the district/community level
 Specific role of traditional communities
 National/international policies and ‚experiences‘
ask for community integration, support &
participation
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

5. SIDPABB - Community based
early warning system Búzi
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

6. Elements
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at
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7. Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at
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8. Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at
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9. Case study area: Búzi
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

10. Vulnerability mapping at the
community level
 Get an understanding of vulnerabilities to
floods/droughts in communities
 Facilitate and enhance the process of
vulnerability reduction at the community level
 Integration of PRA practices
 Provide maps for enhanced decision making
 Identify indicators for the specific area of
interest to allow further investigation about the
spatial characteristic of vulnerability
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

11. Spatial scale of vulnerability
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

12. Workflow
Vulnerability Prioritisation
Community Mapping
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

13. PRA
Community Mapping
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

14. Field Work
Mapping exercise
 Working with Quickbird satellite imagery (resolution
~0,6m)
 Identify/Mark important features and get an
understanding of the community
 Risk zones (as perceived by the community)
 Populated areas (settlements)
 Agricultural zones
 Critical infrastructure
 Boundaries
 …
 Additional collection of locations with GPS device
(photographs)
 2 copies  one remained, one with me
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

15. Community mapping
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

16. Community mapping
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

17. Community mapping
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

18. Community mapping
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

19. Vulnerability prioritisation
 Get an understanding of the driving forces
from a perspective of the communities (3
communities)
 Quantification of factors (Scoring, ‚Delphi
exercise‘,…)
 With beans, …
 Within hazard itself (drought and flood) (40)
 Comparing hazards (10)
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

20. Vulnerability scoring
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

21. Vulnerability scoring
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

22. Vulnerability scoring
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

23. Vulnerability scoring
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

24. Results
Vulnerability Map
Satellite Map &
District Map
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

25. ‚Vulnerability‘ map
Map elements:
- Main map: Community map
- Land Use/Land Cover
- Community Infrastructure (water wells, markets,
disaster response kit,…)
- Settlement area
- Risk Zones (community identified)
- Small map: Surrounding area
- Satellite Map
- Infrastructure
- Flood extend year 2000
- Additional information
- Legend
- Results of vulnerability identification
- Analysis on exposure
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

26. ‚Vulnerability‘ map
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

27. ‚Vulnerability‘ map
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

28. ‚Vulnerability‘ map
Small map: Surrounding area
- Community location
- Accomodation centres (yr 2000)
- Flood extend yr 2000
- Health facilities
- Markets
- Streets
- Major villages
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

29. ‚Vulnerability‘ map
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

30. ‚Vulnerability‘ map
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

31. Satellite map
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

32. Satellite map
Georeferenced
photos of
characteristic
community features
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

33. Outlook: District Level
-Identification of vulnerability indicators
- integration of RS and census data
- Weighting of indicators according to ‚expert knowledge‘
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

34. Requirements
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

35. Conclusions & Challenges
 Targeting the planning, decision making process, within the
communities through the integration of maps as planning
instruments
 Identification of gaps between the perceptions of
experts, stakeholders and (affected) community members
 Awareness about geospatial products at all levels
needed
 Integration of ‘participatory’ maps within NSDI an open
issue
 ‘Disaster Risk Reduction’  data access as within
response phase?
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

36. Thank YOU very much!
http://projects.stefankienberger.at/vulmoz/
Contact:
stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at
www.uni-salzburg.at/zgis/kienberger
Acknowledgments:
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

37. Major findings
Vulnerability prioritisation
Significant difference between prioritisation of flood vs
drought  small distance
General factors (highly ranked)
Transport (Avg. 4,5; Std Dev. 2,5)
Lack of health services (Avg. 3,3; Std Dev. 2,5)
Lack of education (Avg. 4,5; Std Dev. 1,8)
Floods (highly ranked) Droughts (highly ranked)
Destruction of dams (Avg. 8; Std Lack of irrigation system (Avg. 9,6;
Dev. 2,8) Std Dev. 0,5)
Lack of dam management (Avg. 6; Uncontrolled fire (Avg. 3; Std Dev.
Std Dev. 2,2) 0,8)
Living in flood zones (Avg. 6; Std Lack of rainfall (Avg. 3; Std Dev.
Dev. 2,2) 1,4)
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at

38. Vulnerability assessment
Vulnerability is the intrinsic and dynamic feature of an element at risk
(community, region, state, infrastructure, environment etc.) that
determines the expected damage/harm resulting from a given
hazardous event and is often even affected by the harmful event itself. V.
changes continuously over time and is driven by physical, social,
economic and environmental factors. (UNU-EHS)
Vulnerability assessments are policy and action oriented
with the overall objective to mitigate/avoid the
negative impacts of disasters
Centre for Geoinformatics – Salzburg University  www.zgis.at –  stefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at