SlideShare ist ein Scribd-Unternehmen logo
1 von 35
Downloaden Sie, um offline zu lesen
Preventing Deaths in Police Care
Working together to improve
care in police custody
Sarah Green
IPCC Commissioner
IPCC Role
Set standards for
dealing with police
complaints & monitor
performance

Independently
investigate the
most serious
matters

Increase public
confidence in the
police complaints
system in England
& Wales

Provide a right of
appeal in certain cases

Ensure lessons
learned
throughout
police service &
others
IPCC Role in Improving Care
of Detainees
• Conduct or oversee investigations
• Consider appeals re: complaints in some
cases
• Identify learning, and ensure this is reflected
in police guidance and training
• Produce annual statistics on deaths, and
research
• Work with others to ensure changes are
implemented
IPCC Investigations
• Police have a statutory duty to refer deaths and
serious injuries to IPCC in all cases
• Cases meeting the mandatory referral criteria must
also be referred
• Forces may also make voluntary referrals
• IPCC has power to call in cases
Article 2 Investigations
• Right to life
• Deaths that occur during or following
police contact may breach Article 2
• IPCC will begin independent investigations
into all cases which engage Article 2 – this
includes all custody deaths, and some
deaths following police contact
• If becomes clear Article 2 not engaged
may re-determine mode of investigation
Requirements of Article 2
Investigations
•
•
•
•
•

Independent
Subject to public scrutiny
Prompt
Effective
Engaged with next of kin
Independent Investigations
Initial actions by IPCC:
• Deploy staff to scheme to handle the initial stages of the
investigation – provide guidance over the phone to the force
• Consider whether any potential criminal or conduct issues
• Gather evidence
• Attend post-incident management procedures
• Liaise with external parties e.g. Coroner, HSE
• Handle media
• Contact family and explain role
Independent Investigations
Initial actions – force
• Secure scene and exhibits (under IPCC
instruction)
• Carry out PIM procedures that support
officers and facilitate the giving of
accounts about the incident
Investigation by IPCC
• Set terms of reference
• Collect and analyse evidence including
witness interviews
• Consider use of experts
• Engage with family and communities
• Provide updates to families and other
interested parties inc Coroner
• Attend pre-inquest hearings
Final Report
At end of investigation IPCC produces a
report which will set out:
• Conduct issues
• Criminal issues
• National and/or local learning
recommendations
Learning from Investigations
IPCC learning has been reflected in:
• 2012 Safer Detention Guidance
• Changes to PACE
IPCC Learning & Safer
Detention
• Intoxication changed to drunk and
incapable
• Restraint techniques used during arrest or
transportation should be explained by the
arresting officer before a risk assessment
is completed, and any effects caused by
restraint may indicate a need for medical
attention
IPCC Learning Reflected in
Safer Detention Guidance
• Contract staff working in custody must be
fully aware of their role and be trained
• Staff working in custody suite should
receive training and refresher training in
first aid
• If a detainee cannot be roused, they
should be immediately treated as a
medical emergency
IPCC Learning and Safer
Detention
• Individuals who have consumed alcohol and drugs
should be risk assessed on arrival and throughout
detention, and unwillingness and inability to participate
in risk assessment is a possible warning of risk. Cell
visits and checks must be completed at appropriate
intervals.
• Symptoms of serious illness or injury may go
unnoticed in individuals who are well known or familiar
to police officers
• CCTV should be available in at least one cell to be
used when a detainee is identified as being at risk
• Independent custody visitors should ensure CCTV is
operational
IPCC Learning Reflected in
Safer Detention guidance
• Cell buzzers, intercoms and lights must be checked
• If there is more than one custody officer, need clarity
about who is designated Custody Officer
• Handovers should be done verbally within sight and
sound of CCTV -written acknowledgement of handover
should be made on the custody record
• Custody manager should ensure that healthcare
professionals working within their force are aware of
local procedures
• Health care professionals should write their directions on
frequency of checks and rousing in the custody record
IPCC Learning Reflected in
PACE
PACE Codes C and H
• Intoxicated has been replaced with under the
influence
• Improper treatment should be reported to the
custody officer
• Any actions carried out by custody staff the
outcomes should be reported to the Custody
Officer
• Those who the Custody Officer delegates
tasks to must be trained and competent
Implementation of
Recommendations
• Continue to work with ACPO and College
of Policing to ensure national
recommendations are reflected in
guidance
• Feed into HMIC/HMIP custody inspections
• Seeking new powers to require forces to
respond to learning recommendations
• Working with PCCs to ensure
recommendations are implemented
IPCC Statistics & Research
• IPCC produces an annual report on
deaths following police contact
• Longer term study published 2010
• Subject to increase in funding, will conduct
further research in future
Deaths Trend Data - 2004/05
to 2012/13
Category

Fatalities
04/05 05/06 06/07 07/08 08/09 09/10 10/11 11/12 12/13
Deaths in or
following police
custody
Apparent suicides
following custody

36

28

27

22

15

17

21

15

15

46

40

47

45

56

54

46

39

64
Deaths in or Following Police
Custody 2012/13
• 14 men and one woman died in police custody
• 12 White British, two “Other” White, one White &
Black African ethnic origin
• Four were known to have been restrained by police
officers at some point prior to their death
• Nine people had a link to alcohol and drugs
• Mental health continued to be a key factor in almost
half the deaths
Deaths in or Following Police
Custody: Cause of Death, 12/13
Cause of death
Heart disease / cardiac arrest
Asphyxiation*
Multiple injuries
Drug / alcohol overdose
Gun shot wound
Long-term illness
Inconclusive
Awaited
Total fatalities

Number of
fatalities
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
5
15
Deaths During or Following
Police Contact - 2012/13
• Considerable rise in number of suicides
following release from custody
• Mental health continued to be a key factor
in deaths (two-thirds of cases)
Apparent Suicides Following Police
Custody: Reason for Detention, 12/13
Reason for detention
Sexual offences
Violence related (non sexual) / threatening behaviour /
harassment
Driving offence, including drink driving
Detained under the Mental Health Act
Theft / shoplifting
Breach of peace / public order / criminal damage
Drug / alcohol related (exc. drink driving)
Breach of bail / orders
Other
Total fatalities

Number of
fatalities
18

17
8
7
5
4
2
2
1
64
Incidents by Type of Death
and Investigation Type, 12/13
Deaths in or following police
custody

Apparent suicides following
custody

N

%

N

%

9

60

4

6

0

-

0

-

0

-

0

-

6

40

15

23

0

Type of
investigation
Independent

-

45

70

15

100

64

100

Managed
Supervised
Local
Back to force
Total
incidents
Current Areas of
Concern/Potential Risk
• Care of pregnant detainees
• Care young people – appropriate adult
• Places of Safety under Section 136 of the
Mental Health Act
• Use of tasers within custody – not as pain
compliance
• Emergency Response Belt (ERB) as a
spit/bite hood.
Review of IPCC’s Work in
Investigating Deaths
Aim of the Review
To identify and implement changes to ensure that our
work in investigating deaths is:
- thorough, transparent and effective
- sensitive to the needs and expectations of bereaved
families
- able to build and sustain public confidence
Emerging Findings

Progress Report published September 2013
Main themes:
 Independence of the IPCC
 IPCC engagement with bereaved families
 Effectiveness of IPCC investigations
Independence
Feedback
• IPCC too close to the police and police too involved in our
investigations
Action
• Diversifying our work force
• Strengthening role of Commissioner
• Clear directions at the scene and will publish our expectations
Future
• Expanded IPCC – ex police will not investigate previous force
• More internal specialists
• External experts
Engaging with Families
Feedback
• Lack of sensitivity
• Lack of involvement and information given
Action
• Training to ensure sensitivity and that we meet needs
• Meeting Commissioner and contact with manager
• Revised leaflets
• Provide opportunity to comment on terms of reference, press
releases and given meaningful updates
Future
• Work with INQUEST
• Revise approach to family liaison
Effectiveness
Feedback
• Should investigate all deaths
• Consistent, transparent and timely in decision
making
Action
• Any death where there may have been a
breach of Art.2 independently investigated
• Publish criteria of how make decisions
• Pilot specific MOI unit
Effectiveness
Feedback
• Some new powers but not enough, and need
to be more robust in using them
Action
• Seeking further powers
• Expect officers to be separated and to not
confer
• Will continue to use our powers to arrest and
interview under criminal caution on a caseby-case basis
Effectiveness
Feedback
• Investigations take too long
• Quality variable
• Lack robust analysis of evidence and
sufficient challenge of police accounts
Action
• Reviewing investigations directorate
• Further training
• Improve quality assurance
Effectiveness
Feedback
• IPCC should have a greater role in discipline
• Enforce recommendations
• Build on learning the lessons and thematic work to
share good practice
Action
• Power to require response to recommendations
• More independence and transparency in discipline
system
• Share findings of work with other bodies
Learning the Lessons
• The IPCC publishes a
regular bulletin to help the
police service learn
lessons from
investigations and other
operations of the police
complaints and conduct
system.
• Bulletin 16 covers
custody
Any Questions ?

www.ipcc.gov.uk

Weitere ähnliche Inhalte

Andere mochten auch

Law-Exchange.co.uk Shared Resource
Law-Exchange.co.uk Shared ResourceLaw-Exchange.co.uk Shared Resource
Law-Exchange.co.uk Shared Resourcelawexchange.co.uk
 
Searching Deeply for Data, Results and Tools- What is Stopping Us?
Searching Deeply for Data, Results and Tools- What is Stopping Us?Searching Deeply for Data, Results and Tools- What is Stopping Us?
Searching Deeply for Data, Results and Tools- What is Stopping Us?Philip Bourne
 
Stop and search: An investigation of the Met's new approach to stop and search
Stop and search: An investigation of the Met's new approach to stop and searchStop and search: An investigation of the Met's new approach to stop and search
Stop and search: An investigation of the Met's new approach to stop and searchLondon Assembly
 
Stop and Search 2012
Stop and Search 2012Stop and Search 2012
Stop and Search 2012Miss Hart
 
The Hub - Stop And Search
The Hub - Stop And SearchThe Hub - Stop And Search
The Hub - Stop And Searcheasyrew
 
PP stop and search
PP stop and searchPP stop and search
PP stop and searchI_Iqbal
 
Monster.com Power Resume Search
Monster.com Power Resume SearchMonster.com Power Resume Search
Monster.com Power Resume SearchMonster
 
Stop and Search
Stop and SearchStop and Search
Stop and SearchMiss Hart
 
Powers of Arrest
Powers of ArrestPowers of Arrest
Powers of ArrestMiss Hart
 
Joel Young - Negotiation Skills
Joel Young - Negotiation SkillsJoel Young - Negotiation Skills
Joel Young - Negotiation SkillsJoel Young
 
Rocking Your Inner Giraffe: Cultivating Loving Kindness for Yourself & Others...
Rocking Your Inner Giraffe: Cultivating Loving Kindness for Yourself & Others...Rocking Your Inner Giraffe: Cultivating Loving Kindness for Yourself & Others...
Rocking Your Inner Giraffe: Cultivating Loving Kindness for Yourself & Others...sethdwebb
 
Modern Nonviolent Resistance
Modern Nonviolent Resistance Modern Nonviolent Resistance
Modern Nonviolent Resistance ah_livia
 

Andere mochten auch (20)

Law-Exchange.co.uk Shared Resource
Law-Exchange.co.uk Shared ResourceLaw-Exchange.co.uk Shared Resource
Law-Exchange.co.uk Shared Resource
 
Itet3 its forensics
Itet3 its forensicsItet3 its forensics
Itet3 its forensics
 
Stop and Search Card
Stop and Search CardStop and Search Card
Stop and Search Card
 
Searching Deeply for Data, Results and Tools- What is Stopping Us?
Searching Deeply for Data, Results and Tools- What is Stopping Us?Searching Deeply for Data, Results and Tools- What is Stopping Us?
Searching Deeply for Data, Results and Tools- What is Stopping Us?
 
Stop and search: An investigation of the Met's new approach to stop and search
Stop and search: An investigation of the Met's new approach to stop and searchStop and search: An investigation of the Met's new approach to stop and search
Stop and search: An investigation of the Met's new approach to stop and search
 
Stop & Search
Stop & SearchStop & Search
Stop & Search
 
Stop and Search 2012
Stop and Search 2012Stop and Search 2012
Stop and Search 2012
 
Stop Thinking Start Doing | Benchmark Search Conference 2016
Stop Thinking Start Doing | Benchmark Search Conference 2016Stop Thinking Start Doing | Benchmark Search Conference 2016
Stop Thinking Start Doing | Benchmark Search Conference 2016
 
Moral dilemmas
Moral dilemmasMoral dilemmas
Moral dilemmas
 
The Hub - Stop And Search
The Hub - Stop And SearchThe Hub - Stop And Search
The Hub - Stop And Search
 
PP stop and search
PP stop and searchPP stop and search
PP stop and search
 
Monster.com Power Resume Search
Monster.com Power Resume SearchMonster.com Power Resume Search
Monster.com Power Resume Search
 
Detention
DetentionDetention
Detention
 
Stop and Search
Stop and SearchStop and Search
Stop and Search
 
Powers of Arrest
Powers of ArrestPowers of Arrest
Powers of Arrest
 
Joel Young - Negotiation Skills
Joel Young - Negotiation SkillsJoel Young - Negotiation Skills
Joel Young - Negotiation Skills
 
A presentation detailing the numbers of death following or during police cont...
A presentation detailing the numbers of death following or during police cont...A presentation detailing the numbers of death following or during police cont...
A presentation detailing the numbers of death following or during police cont...
 
Rocking Your Inner Giraffe: Cultivating Loving Kindness for Yourself & Others...
Rocking Your Inner Giraffe: Cultivating Loving Kindness for Yourself & Others...Rocking Your Inner Giraffe: Cultivating Loving Kindness for Yourself & Others...
Rocking Your Inner Giraffe: Cultivating Loving Kindness for Yourself & Others...
 
Modern Nonviolent Resistance
Modern Nonviolent Resistance Modern Nonviolent Resistance
Modern Nonviolent Resistance
 
Nvc presentation
Nvc presentationNvc presentation
Nvc presentation
 

Ähnlich wie Presentation given by Commissioner Sarah Green to the National Preventing Deaths in Police Care conference on Monday 21 October 2013

Stevens story-hoist-Fatality
Stevens story-hoist-FatalityStevens story-hoist-Fatality
Stevens story-hoist-FatalityDeborah Harrison
 
Liaison & diversion service operations model
Liaison & diversion service operations modelLiaison & diversion service operations model
Liaison & diversion service operations modelnacro_programmes
 
Litigation and inquest forum, Birmingham - June 2016
Litigation and inquest forum, Birmingham - June 2016Litigation and inquest forum, Birmingham - June 2016
Litigation and inquest forum, Birmingham - June 2016Browne Jacobson LLP
 
Litigation and inquest forum, Nottingham - June 2016
Litigation and inquest forum, Nottingham - June 2016Litigation and inquest forum, Nottingham - June 2016
Litigation and inquest forum, Nottingham - June 2016Browne Jacobson LLP
 
Managing serious incidents and fatal accidents - November 2016, Birmingham
Managing serious incidents and fatal accidents - November 2016, BirminghamManaging serious incidents and fatal accidents - November 2016, Birmingham
Managing serious incidents and fatal accidents - November 2016, BirminghamBrowne Jacobson LLP
 
Managing serious incidents and fatal accidents seminar, Manchester - July 2016
Managing serious incidents and fatal accidents seminar, Manchester - July 2016Managing serious incidents and fatal accidents seminar, Manchester - July 2016
Managing serious incidents and fatal accidents seminar, Manchester - July 2016Browne Jacobson LLP
 
On-Body Cameras: Answering Tough Questions from Empirical and Legal Standards
On-Body Cameras: Answering Tough Questions from Empirical and Legal StandardsOn-Body Cameras: Answering Tough Questions from Empirical and Legal Standards
On-Body Cameras: Answering Tough Questions from Empirical and Legal StandardsBest Best and Krieger LLP
 
Medical Legal Power Point- Nancy Caroline
Medical Legal Power Point- Nancy CarolineMedical Legal Power Point- Nancy Caroline
Medical Legal Power Point- Nancy Carolinedjorgenmorris
 
What Francis means for the NHS
What Francis means for the NHSWhat Francis means for the NHS
What Francis means for the NHSNHS Confederation
 
Powers and authorities of police. Docx..
Powers and authorities of police. Docx..Powers and authorities of police. Docx..
Powers and authorities of police. Docx..AryaThampi9
 
Clinical trial protocol, ammendments, Protocol deviations and violations
Clinical trial protocol, ammendments, Protocol deviations and violationsClinical trial protocol, ammendments, Protocol deviations and violations
Clinical trial protocol, ammendments, Protocol deviations and violationsAmol Patil
 
Managing serious incidents and fatal accidents, Exeter - June 2016
Managing serious incidents and fatal accidents, Exeter - June 2016Managing serious incidents and fatal accidents, Exeter - June 2016
Managing serious incidents and fatal accidents, Exeter - June 2016Browne Jacobson LLP
 
2017 RI Statewide EMS Protocols Education Modules - Section 1
2017 RI Statewide EMS Protocols Education Modules - Section 12017 RI Statewide EMS Protocols Education Modules - Section 1
2017 RI Statewide EMS Protocols Education Modules - Section 1Newport Fire Department
 
Care Quality Commission: Driving improvement in the investigation of deaths
Care Quality Commission: Driving improvement in the investigation of deathsCare Quality Commission: Driving improvement in the investigation of deaths
Care Quality Commission: Driving improvement in the investigation of deathsCare Quality Commission
 

Ähnlich wie Presentation given by Commissioner Sarah Green to the National Preventing Deaths in Police Care conference on Monday 21 October 2013 (20)

Stevens story-hoist-Fatality
Stevens story-hoist-FatalityStevens story-hoist-Fatality
Stevens story-hoist-Fatality
 
Liaison & diversion service operations model
Liaison & diversion service operations modelLiaison & diversion service operations model
Liaison & diversion service operations model
 
Litigation and inquest forum, Birmingham - June 2016
Litigation and inquest forum, Birmingham - June 2016Litigation and inquest forum, Birmingham - June 2016
Litigation and inquest forum, Birmingham - June 2016
 
Litigation and inquest forum, Nottingham - June 2016
Litigation and inquest forum, Nottingham - June 2016Litigation and inquest forum, Nottingham - June 2016
Litigation and inquest forum, Nottingham - June 2016
 
Managing serious incidents and fatal accidents - November 2016, Birmingham
Managing serious incidents and fatal accidents - November 2016, BirminghamManaging serious incidents and fatal accidents - November 2016, Birmingham
Managing serious incidents and fatal accidents - November 2016, Birmingham
 
Oversight of Quality within Primary Care
Oversight of Quality within Primary CareOversight of Quality within Primary Care
Oversight of Quality within Primary Care
 
Managing serious incidents and fatal accidents seminar, Manchester - July 2016
Managing serious incidents and fatal accidents seminar, Manchester - July 2016Managing serious incidents and fatal accidents seminar, Manchester - July 2016
Managing serious incidents and fatal accidents seminar, Manchester - July 2016
 
On-Body Cameras: Answering Tough Questions from Empirical and Legal Standards
On-Body Cameras: Answering Tough Questions from Empirical and Legal StandardsOn-Body Cameras: Answering Tough Questions from Empirical and Legal Standards
On-Body Cameras: Answering Tough Questions from Empirical and Legal Standards
 
Medical Legal Power Point- Nancy Caroline
Medical Legal Power Point- Nancy CarolineMedical Legal Power Point- Nancy Caroline
Medical Legal Power Point- Nancy Caroline
 
What Francis means for the NHS
What Francis means for the NHSWhat Francis means for the NHS
What Francis means for the NHS
 
Powers and authorities of police. Docx..
Powers and authorities of police. Docx..Powers and authorities of police. Docx..
Powers and authorities of police. Docx..
 
Ch04 ppt
Ch04 pptCh04 ppt
Ch04 ppt
 
Ch04 ppt
Ch04 pptCh04 ppt
Ch04 ppt
 
Clinical trial protocol, ammendments, Protocol deviations and violations
Clinical trial protocol, ammendments, Protocol deviations and violationsClinical trial protocol, ammendments, Protocol deviations and violations
Clinical trial protocol, ammendments, Protocol deviations and violations
 
Walker, Chapter 11
Walker, Chapter 11Walker, Chapter 11
Walker, Chapter 11
 
Compliance
ComplianceCompliance
Compliance
 
Managing serious incidents and fatal accidents, Exeter - June 2016
Managing serious incidents and fatal accidents, Exeter - June 2016Managing serious incidents and fatal accidents, Exeter - June 2016
Managing serious incidents and fatal accidents, Exeter - June 2016
 
ICH GCP.ppt
ICH GCP.pptICH GCP.ppt
ICH GCP.ppt
 
2017 RI Statewide EMS Protocols Education Modules - Section 1
2017 RI Statewide EMS Protocols Education Modules - Section 12017 RI Statewide EMS Protocols Education Modules - Section 1
2017 RI Statewide EMS Protocols Education Modules - Section 1
 
Care Quality Commission: Driving improvement in the investigation of deaths
Care Quality Commission: Driving improvement in the investigation of deathsCare Quality Commission: Driving improvement in the investigation of deaths
Care Quality Commission: Driving improvement in the investigation of deaths
 

Mehr von The Independent Police Complaints Commission (7)

Focus issue three
Focus issue threeFocus issue three
Focus issue three
 
Focus issue two - complaints that are fanciful, vexatious, oppressive or an a...
Focus issue two - complaints that are fanciful, vexatious, oppressive or an a...Focus issue two - complaints that are fanciful, vexatious, oppressive or an a...
Focus issue two - complaints that are fanciful, vexatious, oppressive or an a...
 
IPCC report - police handling of allegations of discrimination - June 2014
IPCC report - police handling of allegations of discrimination - June 2014IPCC report - police handling of allegations of discrimination - June 2014
IPCC report - police handling of allegations of discrimination - June 2014
 
Focus: Recording complaints
Focus: Recording complaintsFocus: Recording complaints
Focus: Recording complaints
 
Draft oversight and confidence strategy
Draft oversight and confidence strategyDraft oversight and confidence strategy
Draft oversight and confidence strategy
 
Interim report-january-2014
Interim report-january-2014Interim report-january-2014
Interim report-january-2014
 
Learning the Lessons bulletin 20
Learning the Lessons bulletin 20Learning the Lessons bulletin 20
Learning the Lessons bulletin 20
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen

Light Rail in Canberra: Too much, too little, too late: Is the price worth th...
Light Rail in Canberra: Too much, too little, too late: Is the price worth th...Light Rail in Canberra: Too much, too little, too late: Is the price worth th...
Light Rail in Canberra: Too much, too little, too late: Is the price worth th...University of Canberra
 
19032024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
19032024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf19032024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
19032024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
 
Ministry of Justice Extradition Eswatini 3.pdf
Ministry of Justice Extradition Eswatini 3.pdfMinistry of Justice Extradition Eswatini 3.pdf
Ministry of Justice Extradition Eswatini 3.pdfSABC News
 
Anantkumar Hegde
Anantkumar Hegde  Anantkumar Hegde
Anantkumar Hegde NewsFeed1
 
Por estos dos motivos, defensa de JOH solicita repetir juicio
Por estos dos motivos, defensa de JOH solicita repetir juicioPor estos dos motivos, defensa de JOH solicita repetir juicio
Por estos dos motivos, defensa de JOH solicita repetir juicioAlexisTorres963861
 
Green Aesthetic Ripped Paper Thesis Defense Presentation_20240311_111012_0000...
Green Aesthetic Ripped Paper Thesis Defense Presentation_20240311_111012_0000...Green Aesthetic Ripped Paper Thesis Defense Presentation_20240311_111012_0000...
Green Aesthetic Ripped Paper Thesis Defense Presentation_20240311_111012_0000...virgfern3011
 
One India vs United India by Dream Tamilnadu
One India vs United India by Dream TamilnaduOne India vs United India by Dream Tamilnadu
One India vs United India by Dream TamilnaduDreamTamilnadu
 
Européennes 2024 : projection du Parlement européen à trois mois du scrutin
Européennes 2024 : projection du Parlement européen à trois mois du scrutinEuropéennes 2024 : projection du Parlement européen à trois mois du scrutin
Européennes 2024 : projection du Parlement européen à trois mois du scrutinIpsos France
 
Another Day, Another Default Judgment Against Gabe Whitley
Another Day, Another Default Judgment Against Gabe WhitleyAnother Day, Another Default Judgment Against Gabe Whitley
Another Day, Another Default Judgment Against Gabe WhitleyAbdul-Hakim Shabazz
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen (9)

Light Rail in Canberra: Too much, too little, too late: Is the price worth th...
Light Rail in Canberra: Too much, too little, too late: Is the price worth th...Light Rail in Canberra: Too much, too little, too late: Is the price worth th...
Light Rail in Canberra: Too much, too little, too late: Is the price worth th...
 
19032024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
19032024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf19032024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
19032024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
 
Ministry of Justice Extradition Eswatini 3.pdf
Ministry of Justice Extradition Eswatini 3.pdfMinistry of Justice Extradition Eswatini 3.pdf
Ministry of Justice Extradition Eswatini 3.pdf
 
Anantkumar Hegde
Anantkumar Hegde  Anantkumar Hegde
Anantkumar Hegde
 
Por estos dos motivos, defensa de JOH solicita repetir juicio
Por estos dos motivos, defensa de JOH solicita repetir juicioPor estos dos motivos, defensa de JOH solicita repetir juicio
Por estos dos motivos, defensa de JOH solicita repetir juicio
 
Green Aesthetic Ripped Paper Thesis Defense Presentation_20240311_111012_0000...
Green Aesthetic Ripped Paper Thesis Defense Presentation_20240311_111012_0000...Green Aesthetic Ripped Paper Thesis Defense Presentation_20240311_111012_0000...
Green Aesthetic Ripped Paper Thesis Defense Presentation_20240311_111012_0000...
 
One India vs United India by Dream Tamilnadu
One India vs United India by Dream TamilnaduOne India vs United India by Dream Tamilnadu
One India vs United India by Dream Tamilnadu
 
Européennes 2024 : projection du Parlement européen à trois mois du scrutin
Européennes 2024 : projection du Parlement européen à trois mois du scrutinEuropéennes 2024 : projection du Parlement européen à trois mois du scrutin
Européennes 2024 : projection du Parlement européen à trois mois du scrutin
 
Another Day, Another Default Judgment Against Gabe Whitley
Another Day, Another Default Judgment Against Gabe WhitleyAnother Day, Another Default Judgment Against Gabe Whitley
Another Day, Another Default Judgment Against Gabe Whitley
 

Presentation given by Commissioner Sarah Green to the National Preventing Deaths in Police Care conference on Monday 21 October 2013

  • 1. Preventing Deaths in Police Care Working together to improve care in police custody Sarah Green IPCC Commissioner
  • 2. IPCC Role Set standards for dealing with police complaints & monitor performance Independently investigate the most serious matters Increase public confidence in the police complaints system in England & Wales Provide a right of appeal in certain cases Ensure lessons learned throughout police service & others
  • 3. IPCC Role in Improving Care of Detainees • Conduct or oversee investigations • Consider appeals re: complaints in some cases • Identify learning, and ensure this is reflected in police guidance and training • Produce annual statistics on deaths, and research • Work with others to ensure changes are implemented
  • 4. IPCC Investigations • Police have a statutory duty to refer deaths and serious injuries to IPCC in all cases • Cases meeting the mandatory referral criteria must also be referred • Forces may also make voluntary referrals • IPCC has power to call in cases
  • 5. Article 2 Investigations • Right to life • Deaths that occur during or following police contact may breach Article 2 • IPCC will begin independent investigations into all cases which engage Article 2 – this includes all custody deaths, and some deaths following police contact • If becomes clear Article 2 not engaged may re-determine mode of investigation
  • 6. Requirements of Article 2 Investigations • • • • • Independent Subject to public scrutiny Prompt Effective Engaged with next of kin
  • 7. Independent Investigations Initial actions by IPCC: • Deploy staff to scheme to handle the initial stages of the investigation – provide guidance over the phone to the force • Consider whether any potential criminal or conduct issues • Gather evidence • Attend post-incident management procedures • Liaise with external parties e.g. Coroner, HSE • Handle media • Contact family and explain role
  • 8. Independent Investigations Initial actions – force • Secure scene and exhibits (under IPCC instruction) • Carry out PIM procedures that support officers and facilitate the giving of accounts about the incident
  • 9. Investigation by IPCC • Set terms of reference • Collect and analyse evidence including witness interviews • Consider use of experts • Engage with family and communities • Provide updates to families and other interested parties inc Coroner • Attend pre-inquest hearings
  • 10. Final Report At end of investigation IPCC produces a report which will set out: • Conduct issues • Criminal issues • National and/or local learning recommendations
  • 11. Learning from Investigations IPCC learning has been reflected in: • 2012 Safer Detention Guidance • Changes to PACE
  • 12. IPCC Learning & Safer Detention • Intoxication changed to drunk and incapable • Restraint techniques used during arrest or transportation should be explained by the arresting officer before a risk assessment is completed, and any effects caused by restraint may indicate a need for medical attention
  • 13. IPCC Learning Reflected in Safer Detention Guidance • Contract staff working in custody must be fully aware of their role and be trained • Staff working in custody suite should receive training and refresher training in first aid • If a detainee cannot be roused, they should be immediately treated as a medical emergency
  • 14. IPCC Learning and Safer Detention • Individuals who have consumed alcohol and drugs should be risk assessed on arrival and throughout detention, and unwillingness and inability to participate in risk assessment is a possible warning of risk. Cell visits and checks must be completed at appropriate intervals. • Symptoms of serious illness or injury may go unnoticed in individuals who are well known or familiar to police officers • CCTV should be available in at least one cell to be used when a detainee is identified as being at risk • Independent custody visitors should ensure CCTV is operational
  • 15. IPCC Learning Reflected in Safer Detention guidance • Cell buzzers, intercoms and lights must be checked • If there is more than one custody officer, need clarity about who is designated Custody Officer • Handovers should be done verbally within sight and sound of CCTV -written acknowledgement of handover should be made on the custody record • Custody manager should ensure that healthcare professionals working within their force are aware of local procedures • Health care professionals should write their directions on frequency of checks and rousing in the custody record
  • 16. IPCC Learning Reflected in PACE PACE Codes C and H • Intoxicated has been replaced with under the influence • Improper treatment should be reported to the custody officer • Any actions carried out by custody staff the outcomes should be reported to the Custody Officer • Those who the Custody Officer delegates tasks to must be trained and competent
  • 17. Implementation of Recommendations • Continue to work with ACPO and College of Policing to ensure national recommendations are reflected in guidance • Feed into HMIC/HMIP custody inspections • Seeking new powers to require forces to respond to learning recommendations • Working with PCCs to ensure recommendations are implemented
  • 18. IPCC Statistics & Research • IPCC produces an annual report on deaths following police contact • Longer term study published 2010 • Subject to increase in funding, will conduct further research in future
  • 19. Deaths Trend Data - 2004/05 to 2012/13 Category Fatalities 04/05 05/06 06/07 07/08 08/09 09/10 10/11 11/12 12/13 Deaths in or following police custody Apparent suicides following custody 36 28 27 22 15 17 21 15 15 46 40 47 45 56 54 46 39 64
  • 20. Deaths in or Following Police Custody 2012/13 • 14 men and one woman died in police custody • 12 White British, two “Other” White, one White & Black African ethnic origin • Four were known to have been restrained by police officers at some point prior to their death • Nine people had a link to alcohol and drugs • Mental health continued to be a key factor in almost half the deaths
  • 21. Deaths in or Following Police Custody: Cause of Death, 12/13 Cause of death Heart disease / cardiac arrest Asphyxiation* Multiple injuries Drug / alcohol overdose Gun shot wound Long-term illness Inconclusive Awaited Total fatalities Number of fatalities 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 5 15
  • 22. Deaths During or Following Police Contact - 2012/13 • Considerable rise in number of suicides following release from custody • Mental health continued to be a key factor in deaths (two-thirds of cases)
  • 23. Apparent Suicides Following Police Custody: Reason for Detention, 12/13 Reason for detention Sexual offences Violence related (non sexual) / threatening behaviour / harassment Driving offence, including drink driving Detained under the Mental Health Act Theft / shoplifting Breach of peace / public order / criminal damage Drug / alcohol related (exc. drink driving) Breach of bail / orders Other Total fatalities Number of fatalities 18 17 8 7 5 4 2 2 1 64
  • 24. Incidents by Type of Death and Investigation Type, 12/13 Deaths in or following police custody Apparent suicides following custody N % N % 9 60 4 6 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 6 40 15 23 0 Type of investigation Independent - 45 70 15 100 64 100 Managed Supervised Local Back to force Total incidents
  • 25. Current Areas of Concern/Potential Risk • Care of pregnant detainees • Care young people – appropriate adult • Places of Safety under Section 136 of the Mental Health Act • Use of tasers within custody – not as pain compliance • Emergency Response Belt (ERB) as a spit/bite hood.
  • 26. Review of IPCC’s Work in Investigating Deaths Aim of the Review To identify and implement changes to ensure that our work in investigating deaths is: - thorough, transparent and effective - sensitive to the needs and expectations of bereaved families - able to build and sustain public confidence
  • 27. Emerging Findings Progress Report published September 2013 Main themes:  Independence of the IPCC  IPCC engagement with bereaved families  Effectiveness of IPCC investigations
  • 28. Independence Feedback • IPCC too close to the police and police too involved in our investigations Action • Diversifying our work force • Strengthening role of Commissioner • Clear directions at the scene and will publish our expectations Future • Expanded IPCC – ex police will not investigate previous force • More internal specialists • External experts
  • 29. Engaging with Families Feedback • Lack of sensitivity • Lack of involvement and information given Action • Training to ensure sensitivity and that we meet needs • Meeting Commissioner and contact with manager • Revised leaflets • Provide opportunity to comment on terms of reference, press releases and given meaningful updates Future • Work with INQUEST • Revise approach to family liaison
  • 30. Effectiveness Feedback • Should investigate all deaths • Consistent, transparent and timely in decision making Action • Any death where there may have been a breach of Art.2 independently investigated • Publish criteria of how make decisions • Pilot specific MOI unit
  • 31. Effectiveness Feedback • Some new powers but not enough, and need to be more robust in using them Action • Seeking further powers • Expect officers to be separated and to not confer • Will continue to use our powers to arrest and interview under criminal caution on a caseby-case basis
  • 32. Effectiveness Feedback • Investigations take too long • Quality variable • Lack robust analysis of evidence and sufficient challenge of police accounts Action • Reviewing investigations directorate • Further training • Improve quality assurance
  • 33. Effectiveness Feedback • IPCC should have a greater role in discipline • Enforce recommendations • Build on learning the lessons and thematic work to share good practice Action • Power to require response to recommendations • More independence and transparency in discipline system • Share findings of work with other bodies
  • 34. Learning the Lessons • The IPCC publishes a regular bulletin to help the police service learn lessons from investigations and other operations of the police complaints and conduct system. • Bulletin 16 covers custody