5. Passive house – The concept 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Specific heat demand [kWh/(m²a)] Capitlized costs [€/m²] Total costs Energy costs Construction costs E-new buildings Cost reduction: simplified heating system Passive House with compact system
26. Brogården, Alingsåshem after renovation Decentral ventilation with heat exchanger Efficiency > 85 % 35 cm isolation in walls U = 0,12 W/m2, K 3-pane windows U= 0,85 Entrance doors (porch) U = 0,8 New exterior balconies without thermal bridges Air tightness 0,4ach at 50 Pa 5 cm isolation on the existing roof 38 cm isolation in the attic U-value ca 0,20 W/m2, K Energy performance: (kWh/m2, year) 22 degrees indoor temp 2006-03-06 HE Space heating: 27 Domestic hot water: 25 Houshold electricity: 27 Common electricity: 13 Summary: 92 11 cm isolation, U = 0,14
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28. Design Strategy Source: SINTEF, Norway The Kyoto Pyramide Passive energy design process Reduce heat loss Select energy- source Display and control energy consumption Utilize solar heat Reduce electricity consumption
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30. energy demand on site renewables CO 2 emission offsite renewable energy Green electricity Offshore wind
![all CEPHEUS projects 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 3 8 13 18 23 4 8 12 19 23 3 8 13 18 23 28 annual heat consumption [kWh/(m²a)] 63 row houses in Heidelberg (Bj. 1962) 41 low energy houses Niedernhausen 1991 27 low energy houses, Hessia 22 houses, PH settlement Wiesbaden 1997 32 passive houses Kronsberg 1998 180 66 74 Benutzereinfluss im Passivhaus occupants influence: the average is important old buildings low energy buildings passive houses 13.4 14.9 © Helmut Krapmeier / EIV and Wolfgang Feist / PHI > 90% reduc- tion](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)