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Mobile Application
  Development
 with ANDROID
Agenda
•   Mobile Application Development (MAD)
•   Platform architecture
•   Application building blocks
•   Development tools
•   Hello Android
•   Resources
Few reasons to go MAD…

• Smart Phones
  – Internet access anywhere
  – Social networking
• Millions of mobile users
• Open standards
Mobile Application Development with ANDROID
Linux Kernel
•   Works as a HAL
•   Device drivers
•   Memory management
•   Process management
•   Networking
Libraries
•   C/C++ libraries
•   Interface through Java
•   Surface manager – Handling UI Windows
•   2D and 3D graphics
•   Media codecs, SQLite, Browser engine
Android Runtime
• Dalvik VM
  – Dex files
  – Compact and efficient than class files
  – Limited memory and battery power
• Core Libraries
  – Java 5 Std edition
  – Collections, I/O etc…
Application Framework



• API interface
• Activity manager – manages application
  life cycle.
Applications


• Built in and user apps
• Can replace built in apps
Application Building Blocks
•   Activity
•   IntentReceiver
•   Service
•   ContentProvider
Activities
• Typically correspond to one UI screen
• But, they can:
  – Be faceless
  – Be in a floating window
  – Return a value
Intent Receivers
• Components that respond to broadcast
  ‘Intents’
• Way to respond to external notification or
  alarms
• Apps can invent and broadcast their own
  Intent
Intents
• Think of Intents as a verb and object; a
  description of what you want done
  – E.g. VIEW, CALL, PLAY etc..
• System matches Intent with Activity that
  can best provide the service
• Activities and IntentReceivers describe
  what Intents they can service
Services
• Faceless components that run in the
  background
  – E.g. music player, network download etc…
Content Providers
• Enables sharing of data across
  applications
  – E.g. address book, photo gallery
• Provides uniform APIs for:
  – querying
  – delete, update and insert.
• Content is represented by URI and MIME
  type
Development Tools

• Eclipse

• Android SDK
  developer.android.com
The Emulator

 • QEMU-based ARM emulator
 • Runs the same image as the
   device

 • Limitations:
   – No Camera support
Types of
Android Devices


                  18
HTC Droid
                                      Incredible
                                        Motorola Droid




           http://www.androidcentral.com/droid-incredible             19
http://homebiss.blogspot.com/2009/11/motorola-droid-iphone-3gs.html
Galaxy Tablet

                                 • Retail: $250 with 2 year
                                 contract
                                 • 7-inch 1024 x 600-pixel LCD
                                 screen
                                 • 0.84 pounds
                                 • 7.48 x 4.74 x 0.47 inches
                                 • 1 GHz Coretx A8 processor
                                 • 512 MB RAM
                                 • 16 or 32 GB internal storage
                                 • Front and rear cameras


                                                                  20
http://www.samsung.com/us/mobile/galaxy-tab/SCH-I800BKAVZW
Android-Powered Microwave




                By Touch Revolution – at CES 2010
  http://www.pocket-lint.com/news/30712/android-powered-microwave-cooking-
                                    google                                   21
Google Nexus One
                                        • Retail: $530
                                        • Not tied to single
                                        provider
                                        • 3.7-inch 800 x 400-pixel
                                        OLED screen
                                        • No support for multitouch
                                        • 512 MB of built-in flash
                                        memory
                                        • Preloaded 4 GB SD card
                                        • Ubiquitous voice
                                        recognition
                                        • 5-megapixel camera with
                                        zoom and flash
                                        • Navigation system using
                                        Google Maps and GPS
  http://www.wired.com/reviews/product/pr_nexus_one               22
Hello World
• Generating UIs
  – Views – building blocks
  – E.g. TextView, EditText, Button
  – Placed into Layouts
  – E.g.
    LinearLayout, TableLayout, AbsoluteLayout
Producing an Android App
Java    javac        Byte
code                 code
                                     dx     Dalvik
.java                .class
                                             exe

                                          classes.dex      aapt


                       Byte
                       code                 <xml>

                Other .class files    AndroidManifest.xm          .apk
                                              l
                                               <str
                                               >


                                          Resources                  24
Hello Android Tutorial




                                                                 25
       http://developer.android.com/resources/tutorials/hello-
       world.html
Important Files
• src/HelloAndroid.java
   – Activity which is started when app executes
• res/layout/main.xml
   – Defines & lays out widgets for the activity
• res/values/strings.xml
   – String constants used by app
• gen/R.java (Don’t touch!)
   – Auto-generated file with identifiers from main.xml, strings.xml,
      and elsewhere
• AndroidManifest.xml
   – Declares all the app’s components
   – Names libraries app needs to be linked against
   – Identifies permissions the app expects to be granted
                                                                        26
src/HelloAndroid.java
• Activity which is started when app executes




                                                27
res/layout/main.xml
• Declares layouts & widgets for the activity




                                                                             28
        Tree from: http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/ui/index.html
Interesting things to do
• Android is open source
• Opportunities for researchers
• Get the source, compile and update the
  device image

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Mobile Application Development with ANDROID

  • 1. Mobile Application Development with ANDROID
  • 2. Agenda • Mobile Application Development (MAD) • Platform architecture • Application building blocks • Development tools • Hello Android • Resources
  • 3. Few reasons to go MAD… • Smart Phones – Internet access anywhere – Social networking • Millions of mobile users • Open standards
  • 5. Linux Kernel • Works as a HAL • Device drivers • Memory management • Process management • Networking
  • 6. Libraries • C/C++ libraries • Interface through Java • Surface manager – Handling UI Windows • 2D and 3D graphics • Media codecs, SQLite, Browser engine
  • 7. Android Runtime • Dalvik VM – Dex files – Compact and efficient than class files – Limited memory and battery power • Core Libraries – Java 5 Std edition – Collections, I/O etc…
  • 8. Application Framework • API interface • Activity manager – manages application life cycle.
  • 9. Applications • Built in and user apps • Can replace built in apps
  • 10. Application Building Blocks • Activity • IntentReceiver • Service • ContentProvider
  • 11. Activities • Typically correspond to one UI screen • But, they can: – Be faceless – Be in a floating window – Return a value
  • 12. Intent Receivers • Components that respond to broadcast ‘Intents’ • Way to respond to external notification or alarms • Apps can invent and broadcast their own Intent
  • 13. Intents • Think of Intents as a verb and object; a description of what you want done – E.g. VIEW, CALL, PLAY etc.. • System matches Intent with Activity that can best provide the service • Activities and IntentReceivers describe what Intents they can service
  • 14. Services • Faceless components that run in the background – E.g. music player, network download etc…
  • 15. Content Providers • Enables sharing of data across applications – E.g. address book, photo gallery • Provides uniform APIs for: – querying – delete, update and insert. • Content is represented by URI and MIME type
  • 16. Development Tools • Eclipse • Android SDK developer.android.com
  • 17. The Emulator • QEMU-based ARM emulator • Runs the same image as the device • Limitations: – No Camera support
  • 19. HTC Droid Incredible Motorola Droid http://www.androidcentral.com/droid-incredible 19 http://homebiss.blogspot.com/2009/11/motorola-droid-iphone-3gs.html
  • 20. Galaxy Tablet • Retail: $250 with 2 year contract • 7-inch 1024 x 600-pixel LCD screen • 0.84 pounds • 7.48 x 4.74 x 0.47 inches • 1 GHz Coretx A8 processor • 512 MB RAM • 16 or 32 GB internal storage • Front and rear cameras 20 http://www.samsung.com/us/mobile/galaxy-tab/SCH-I800BKAVZW
  • 21. Android-Powered Microwave By Touch Revolution – at CES 2010 http://www.pocket-lint.com/news/30712/android-powered-microwave-cooking- google 21
  • 22. Google Nexus One • Retail: $530 • Not tied to single provider • 3.7-inch 800 x 400-pixel OLED screen • No support for multitouch • 512 MB of built-in flash memory • Preloaded 4 GB SD card • Ubiquitous voice recognition • 5-megapixel camera with zoom and flash • Navigation system using Google Maps and GPS http://www.wired.com/reviews/product/pr_nexus_one 22
  • 23. Hello World • Generating UIs – Views – building blocks – E.g. TextView, EditText, Button – Placed into Layouts – E.g. LinearLayout, TableLayout, AbsoluteLayout
  • 24. Producing an Android App Java javac Byte code code dx Dalvik .java .class exe classes.dex aapt Byte code <xml> Other .class files AndroidManifest.xm .apk l <str > Resources 24
  • 25. Hello Android Tutorial 25 http://developer.android.com/resources/tutorials/hello- world.html
  • 26. Important Files • src/HelloAndroid.java – Activity which is started when app executes • res/layout/main.xml – Defines & lays out widgets for the activity • res/values/strings.xml – String constants used by app • gen/R.java (Don’t touch!) – Auto-generated file with identifiers from main.xml, strings.xml, and elsewhere • AndroidManifest.xml – Declares all the app’s components – Names libraries app needs to be linked against – Identifies permissions the app expects to be granted 26
  • 27. src/HelloAndroid.java • Activity which is started when app executes 27
  • 28. res/layout/main.xml • Declares layouts & widgets for the activity 28 Tree from: http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/ui/index.html
  • 29. Interesting things to do • Android is open source • Opportunities for researchers • Get the source, compile and update the device image