4th Grade VA Studies Review

1. Queen Elizabeth I wrote a _____________giving Sir Walter Raleigh Charter permission to explore and colonize Virginia. It also said the colonists had the same rights as English citizens. King James I gave a charter to The Virginia Company of London

2. Sir Walter Raleigh named the land ____________after England’s Queen Elizabeth I- the Virgin Queen. Virginia

3. Christopher Newport ‘s ships - The Susan Constant The Godspeed And the Discovery Brought 104 colonists to Virginia to find To make them filthy rich!!!

4. James They chose a site on the _______River that they could defend from the Spanish (if they came) – a site on a __________ that they thought would have a good source of Peninsula W A T E R And was deep enough to tie their ships to nearby trees! BION (Believe It Or Not!)

5. They encountered the Indians who spoke the Language. Powhatan Algonquian

6. Of course, other Native Americans Lived in Virginia as well. Remember… Shoot Arrows Indians And…… I C(Cherokee) M&M’s (Monacan and Manahoac, on the MAPP (Mattaponi, Appomatoc, Powhatan, Pamunkey) The I stands for Iroquoian, the S stands for Siouan, and the A stands for Algonquian.

7. They set to work building Jamestowne Fort, but disease, bad water, and insects kept them from making progress.

8. One man set forth a bold plan to get the fort built when men wouldn’t work. He said…. If you don’t work, you won’t eat! John Smith

9. John Smith also established trading relations with the Powhatan and was befriended by the Chief’s __________. daughter Pocohantas

10. But Smith was badly burned in an accident and had to leave Jamestown. His exit left the colonists At a time when food was… Scarce!

11. The winter of 1609 was known as …. The Starving time! Over 400 colonists died!

12. When Sir _____________ arrived, he found few survivors and decided to abandon James Fort. Thomas Gates

13. As they headed back to England, they met the supply ships. Lord De La Warr ordered them to return to Virginia. Nooo!!! We won’t Survive!

14. Things began to improve when John Rolfe brought tobacco seeds to Jamestown A Cash Crop had Been found. Then… He married Pocohontas

15. 1619

16. His _______________ Opechancanough (aka Opie) Became the chief. In March of that year, he carried out a surprise attack on the colony killing nearly 350 in one day. John Rolfe was one of those killed. In 1622, Chief Powhatan died. brother The fighting continued for 20 years until Opie was captured and killed. It Was the Native Americans last stand. The colonists were here to stay!

17. As a result of the 1622 Massacre and the treaty signed in 1644….. Native Americans had to give up the land in the ___________ and ___________ regions. PIEDMONT TIDEWATER The King of England took control of Jamestown away from The Virginia Company of London and made it a ________ Colony ROYAL

18. By 1660, the tobacco industry was thriving. Slaves worked the fields. King Charles II prohibited the colonists from selling their tobacco to any country but England. This made the profits from tobacco drop or decrease.

19. Governor Berkeley enforced the new tobacco laws. Colonists became angry! Really angry! They’d bought things on Credit and they could not get out of debt! One colonist, Nathaniel Bacon tried to take control in 1676!

20. In 1699, the colony moved its capital city to….. Williamsburg And…..

21. Virginia’s first college…… Is founded (opens) in Williamsburg in 16 _____ 93

22. During the 1700’s, Governor _______________ claims the land in the Shenandoah Valley for Great Britain. Spotswood He called the members of the exploration party the Knights of The Golden Soon, Scotish and Irish immigrants moved into the Ridge and Valley Region. Small farms and villages sprang up.

23. In the early 1700’s, many important Virginians were born. They attended college at William and Mary. They are the first generation to think of themselves more as Virginians than English. G. Washington 1732 P. Henry 1736 J. Madison 1751 G. Mason 1725 T. Jefferson 1743

24. French The _________________________ began trading with Native Americans in the Ohio River Valley. They even built forts to establish their claim over the area. The British felt this was their ____________________ LAND

25. In 1753, ___________________ sent a young George Washington to tell the French they were on British land. Governor Dinwiddie

26. King George III sent THE MIGHTY BRITISH REDCOATS and General Edward to force the ___________ out of North America. But, what about their allies – The Native Americans? Braddock French

27. King George III issued a proclamation…… We Cannot afford Another War! Colonists may NOT live west of the Allegheny Mountains.

28. In addition, King George decided to _____________ the colonists to raise money to replenish his treasury. TAX He issued…. The Stamp Act The Quartering Act A Tax on Tea The Townshend Act

29. Continental Congress At the First ____________ ____________ the colonies asked King George III to repeal all unfair taxes. The King ignored this request.

30. Colonists in Virginia wanted to know what the British were up to in other colonies, like New York and Massachusetts so they established the….. Committees of Correspondence

31. At the Second Continental Congress, delegates from the 13 colonies voted to separate from Great Britain To write a formal Declaration of Independence, And to establish a new country. JULY 4, 1776

32. While General George Washington commanded The Continental Army George Rogers Clark collected old French supplies from forts in the Ohio River Valley. And, John Paul Jones commanded the Continental Navy.

33. Meanwhile, women… ran farms, ran plantations, and A few even helped on the battlefield!

34. Loyalists who supported the British offered ________ to any slave willing to help defeat the Patriots! freedom

35. Surprisingly, a slave named ____________________ became a spy for the Patriots! James Armistead Lafayette He was granted his freedom after the Battle of Yorktown.

36. With the help of their French allies, the Americans defeated the British at __________________ in 17_____. Yorktown, Virginia 81

37. James Madison, “The Father of the Constitution” helped plan much of our national or federal system of government. George Mason might be called the “Father of Virginia’s Constitution.”

38. Our three branches of government… Enforces Laws Makes Laws Judges Laws means there is a balance of power.

39. Virginia’s Dynasty Era of Good Feeling Washington Jefferson Louisiana Purchase Madison Monroe War of 1812

40. In 1831, Nat Turner led a slave revolt against plantation owners in the south. These events fueled the strong differences between Northern manufacturing states and Southern agricultural states! Hoping to begin a slave rebellion, John Brown raided the federal arsenal at Harper’s Ferry. He failed to free even one slave, but

41. When Abraham Lincoln was elected President, ______ southern states seceded from the Union. seven

42. The Confederate States of America was formed in 1861. Virginia joined its ranks when the Union began to raise an army. The capital of the CSA was moved to Richmond.

43. Battles raged between the two capital cities Washington DC & Richmond, VA Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson surprised the Union forces at Bull Run!

44. West __________ Virginia was born when 50 counties in the western part of the Virginia remained with the U.S. st Gen. Grant took command of the northern forces.

45. In 1863, Lincoln issued the Emancipation freeing slaves in the Confederate States. Proclamation Many slaves headed north to join the fight!

46. flikr Lee General _______and the South surrendered at to end the Civil War. 1865 Appomattox Courthouse