New Technology for Cleaning both Open Loop and Closed Loop systems for large Chiller and Cooling Tower systems. This removed suspended solids and controls dissolved solids, to yield both water and energy savings to give an 18 month ROI.

1. George H. Wagner II
Senior Partner
ElectroCell Systems Inc.
Email: gwagner@electrocellsystems.com
New Side Stream Electrostatic Filtration
Technology will Revolutionize the
Industry

2. What we will cover and discuss:
• Operational Problems of current chiller/cooling (open loop) vs
closed loop systems like boilers, heat exchangers.
• Estimated waste or additional cost for various scale thicknesses
• The solution of a new Electrostatic technology with extensive
benefits to solve the defined operational problems
• Principle of Operation and how the system works
• Define the facilities and systems this technology has application
• Define the new system, components, capabilities and layout.
• Provide information on the ease of installation/startup
• Listing of existing customers and summary of systems in
operation

3. Heat Exchange Process – Water Cooled
System (Open Loop)

4. Closed or Open Loop - Boiler Water
Treatment, HVAC Systems, Heat
Exchanger Systems
• Corrosion: chemical process that leads to premature failure due
to elevated levels of dissolved solids and oxygen.
• Scaling: precipitation of dissolved solids/minerals that are in
saturation due to variation of pH, temperature that reduce heat
transfer.
• Fouling: Suspended solids or biological growth form an insulated film
• Microbial Activity: Microbes growth, including potential legionella
• Water Quality : Langelier Saturation Index as in indicator of water
quality

5. Potential Legionella Exposure/Liability
• Caused by the Legionella pneumophila bacteria
• Typically contracted by inhalation
• Some states have passed recent legislation on Legionella
testing/monitoring
• 300-400 cases per year, with 5-30% mortality
• 30-50 people die each year from Legionella in the US.

6. What is the cost of Scale for Open Loop
vs Closed Loop System
Boiler Tubes Scale ( US Bureau of Stds)
• Inches Extra Fuel
1/32 8.5%
• 1/25 9.3%
• 1/20 11.1%
• 1/16 12.4%
• 1/8 25%
Chiller Scale (NIST)
Fuel Loss %
•Inches Normal High
Iron
•1/64 1.0 1.6
•1/32 2.0 3.1
•3/64 3.0 4.7
•1/16 3.9 6.2

7. More info on cost of problems

8. Current Practice for Operational
Problems for Open Loop HVAC Systems
• Side Stream Filters that continuously filter a small percentage of
system water ( 10-75u)
• Centrifugal Separators (40-75u)
• Automatic Screen Filters (10-100)
• Most Sand Filters (10-100)
• Big Limitation is not addressing the small Suspended Solids,
when 90% of the SS is below 10u in size.

9. Limitations of Current State of the Art of
Side Stream Sand Filters
• Limited Range of Particle Removal Effectiveness, control the
SS solids above 10u
• Do not address or control dissolved solids to reduce scaling.
• Typically have operational problems due to pluggage, causing
high pressure drop and more frequent backpurging.
• More frequent backpurging increases water and energy
consumption
• Requires more frequent maintenance to keep operational

10. Past DOE Research Documents Side
Stream Filters as a key Mechanism for
Cleaning both Open and Closed Loop
Systems
• DOE -Non Chemical Technologies for Scale and Hardness
Control - 1998
• DOE - Side Stream Filtration of Cooling Towers – 2012
• Clean Boiler Waterside Heat Transfer Surfaces – 2009
• Improving Steam Performance: A Sourcebook for Industry -
2010
• DOE - Evaluation of Side Stream Filtration Technology ORNL –
2014

11. Solution: Electrostatic Side Stream
Filtration System (Benefits Listed)
• Fully Automated system that removes 95% of all SS down to
1u.
• Demonstrated energy savings of 12-15%
• Demonstrated water savings of 20-25%
• Demonstrated ROI of 24-30 months
• Enhances performance of existing chemicals in use
• Reduces maintenance of the system
• Removal of the SS and dirt, reduces biological growth, including
legionella.
• Increases lifecycle of the chiller or boiler system

12. Principle of Operation:
• Suspended Solids Control: Low voltage electrodes know as
short wave electrolysis induce electrocoagulation of the SS by
means of an alloyed metal with low voltage direct current
pulsing of the cathode and anode. The additional of both
positive and negative ions cause the colloidal SS to coagulate.
• Dissolved Solids Control: High voltage of 20-24K volts DC of
electrostatic charge imposes a negative charge on the water
and the dissolve solids, keeping them in solution longer. This
allows to keep the charged mineral in solution longer for the
cycle of concentration to be optimized for reduced water
consumption.

13. What is the Electrohydrodynamic effect ?
• Electrohydrodynamics (EHD), also known as electro-fluid-
dynamics (EFD) or electrokinetics, is the study of the
dynamics of electrically charged fluids.[1]
It is the study of the
motions of ionised particles or molecules and their interactions
with electric fields and the surrounding fluid.

14. Principle of Operation – Reduce Laminar
Flow via EHD
• Surface tension of water flowing in a pipe causes natural
laminar flow
• Several active methods to reduce laminar flow include surface
vibration, injection, suction and electrostatic fields.
• The electrostatic field causes turbulence by imposing a uniform
negative charge on the flowing water, which breaks the surface
tension of water, thereby reducing laminar flow
• Reducing laminar flow reduces energy consumption.
• The mechanism allow for descaling and cleaning a system

15. Electrohydrodynamic Effect – further
savings ( scale present or not present)
• This is the coupling of an electric field with the fluid flow in a
dielectric fluid medium tends to reduce the surface tension.
• Net effect this the production of a secondary motion that destabilizes
the thermal boundary layer near heat transfer surface.
• The destabilization leads to heat transfer coefficients that are
substantially higher than conventional enhancement techniques.
• Dr Ohadi with University of Md has documented this is several studies
over the last 20 years.
• We have been able to demonstrate energy saving, when no scales
exists

18. How does it work to yield the reduction
of Suspended solids < 10 u ?
• Inlet water flow and conductivity are measured and flow is
controlled with VFD pump.
• The ionizers induce electrocoagulation or short wave
electrolysis of the suspended solids, then drop out in the static
mixers
• When the condenser water conductivity setpoint is exceeded,
the valve is opened and solids drain out.
• Once daily the precipitation vessels switch to purge cycle and
reverse flow to cleanse the vessels for 4-6 minutes.
• Particle Size Analyses of water samples confirm effectiveness
of particulate removal.

22. Before and After photos

24. User-Friendly PLC Automation
Typical 1000 Series
•Fully automated system
•Alarm and trending
•Graphic controls
•Flow totalizing
•Remote communications
•Can be integrated with
existing building automation
system

26. Installation is Easy
• Modular System
• 1-2 Days installation
• Requirements:

27. Typical Facilities
Pharmaceuticals Manufacturing Plants
Data Centers Utility Companies
Healthcare Hospitality and Casinos
Education Injection Molding
Office Buildings Convention Centers and Arenas

28. Applications
Chillers
Cooling Towers
Boilers
Plate and Frame Exchangers
Reverse Osmosis
Humidifiers
Process Liquids
Air Compressors

29. Clients and References
Johnson & Johnson
Headquarters
New Brunswick, NJ
AT&T City Center
Birmingham, AL
Merck
Summit, NJ
PECO, Phila. Electric Co.
11 Philadelphia locations
Two filters on 8,500-ton cooling
system with VFDs and 10hp pumps

30. Clients and References
Bristol Myers Squibb
New Jersey
AT&T Main
New Orleans, LA
PPL
Allentown, PA
New York Botanical Gardens
4200-ton Chiller System

31. Summary of All Benefits and Advantages
• Patented Technology
• Addresses all of the industry
problems
• Fine Suspended Solids
• Dissolved Solids
• Fouling and Microbial Growth-
Legionella.
• Improved Chemical
Performance and reduction
perportional to water savings.
• Lowers the maintenance
costs
• Enhances chemical
performance
• Skid mounted
systems/modular
• 1-2 day installation
• Proven technology with 10 yrs
experience
• Demonstrated in the
Pharmaceutical Industry

32. AT&T Main New Orleans, LA
• Equipment Served: Four 500-ton Chillers
• Ec System Installed: December 2012
• Annual Make-Up Water Comparison
• 1st
Year Water Savings: 3,100,312 Gallons - 19% water
savings
• Annual Chiller kwh Comparison
• 1st
Year kwh Savings: 733,824 kwh – 20% Kwh
• Particle Counts:
• 1st
Year Particle Reduction: 98.7%
• ROI: 28 months

33. Anheuser Busch, Merrimack, NH
• Equipment Served: 6000 Ton Ammonia Process
• Ec System Installed: December 2012
• Annual Make-Up Water Comparison
• 1st
Year Water Savings: 1,738,284 Gallons - 19% water
savings
• Annual Production Energy Comparison
• 1st
Year kwh Savings: .4 kwh per Barrel – 7.6% Kwh
• Particle Counts:
• 1st
Year Particle Reduction: 97.6 %
• ROI: 29 months

34. AT&T City Center, Birmingham, AL
Facility Profile: 30 Story Office Building
• Equipment Served: Two 800-ton Chillers
• Ec System Installed: February 2012
•Annual Make-Up Water Comparison
• 1st
Year Water Savings: 3,100,312 Gallons - 31% water
•Annual Chiller kwh Comparison
• 1st
Year kwh Savings: 733,824 kwh - 16% Kwh
•ROI 30 Months

35. Email:
gwagner@electrocellsystems.com
Phone: 610-392-8965 or 800-949-3445
Web: www.electrocellsystems.com
Contact Us

36. Join our Team – Looking for People
•Manufacturers Sales Rep
•Distributer/ ReSellers
•Contact Me: gwagner@electrocellsystems.com

37. Next Generation
Side Stream Filtration