2. WHAT IS THE CONFLICT ALL ABOUT?
AND
WHEN DID IT HAPPEN?
3. COLOMBIA: BACKGROUND
1948-58: “La
Violencia”
1970’s: “War of LowIntensity”
1948 :
1965:
Leftist
Jorge
National
Gaiten
Liberation
assassinat Army (ELN)
ed
established
1958:
Conservatives
and Liberals
agree to form
National Front
1966:
Revolutionary
Armed Forces
of Colombia
(FARC)
established
2000 : “Plan
Colombia”
wins almost
$1 Billion US
in military aid
from US
1980 :
Drug boom
5. COLOMBIA: WHO?
Left-Wing Guerrillas
-FARC-Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia
-Largest revolutionary guerilla movement in conflict
-ELN-National Liberation Army
-Second largest guerilla movement in conflict
The United States
-Provided aid to Colombia as they were one of few who supported
Vietnam War
- Made Colombia largest recipient of US aid this year
Right-Wing Paramilitary Groups
-Created in 1980 by Colombian Army with help from US aid
- Created to combat revolutionary groups—became heavily involved
in drug war,
kidnapping and other movements
- Paramilitary has become the most relentless
7. COLOMBIA: HOW?
FARC Financing
EXTORTION IN US $
AUC Financing
30%
22%
$140, 000, 000
(The sum extorted from Oil Companies
each year by the ELN and FARC)
70%
Narcotics
78%
Data: (Barahona, 2011) and (Svante, 2005)
Other
9. COLOMBIA: WHY?
Left-Wing Guerrillas
- An expression of the people… a political and military organization
whose aim is the
solution of the problems that affect the more than 30
million Colombians who live in poverty
The United States
- Cold War geopolitics
- Natural Resources
Right-Wing Paramilitary Groups
- Established following US recommendation
- Are the hired hands of those who have the most to lose in change
11. COLOMBIA: WHERE?
FARC
Guerrilla
Actions
1998 - 2005
- Conflicts located away
from city centers and
government areas
No. of actions
- Guerrilla exploit more
remote and
inaccessible areas
- Proximity to resources
Source: Government of Colombia, 2007
13. REFERENCES
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