Transboundary flood management in a changing environment International Roundtable on Protection and Sustainable Use of Trans-boundary Waters in South East Europe, 15-16 December 2011, Zagreb, Croatia

1. International Roundtable on Protection and Sustainable Use of Transboundary Waters in Southeastern Europe,
Zagreb, 15-16 Dec 2011
THEMATIC BLOCK 1- Emerging Challenges, Extreme phenomena-Floods
Dr Marina Babić Mladenović
INSTITUTE “JAROSLAV ČERNI” - BELGRADE

5. A few cycles of intensive
snow and intervals with
unusually high air
temperatures
Water equivalent of snow
above average values

6. Coincidence of flood on the
Danube and Tisza river, caused
the hi h t
th highest water l
t levels ever
l
recorded

7. Example of 2006 Flood

8. Example of 2006 Flood
16000
> Q100
15000
Danube downstream of V.
14000 Morava
13000 Danube between Sava and V.
Morava
12000
11000
10000
Discharge (m /s)
9000
3
m
8000
Danube between Drava and Tisa < Q100
7000
6000
D
5000
Sava river ∼ Q5
4000
3000
2000
Tisa river ∼ Q100
Velika Morava river
1000 Tamis river
0
23 25 27 29 31 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22
March April May

9. Successful flood defence, very expensive 10 M €
240 000 ha flooded – unprotected zones (between levees) and
arrable land flooded by excessive inland waters - damage 30 M €
State of emergency in 10 municipalities along the Danube and Tisa
Transboundary cooperation
◦ Good cooperation between the HMS Serbia and HMS of other
DRB countries – hydrological data and forecasts
◦ Flood release through the Iron Gate 1 and 2 dams was strictly
according to RO-RS bilaterally agreed rules of operation
◦ ICPDR report

10. Example of 2010 flood - DRB

11. Example of 2010 flood - Serbia
- Unfavorable hydro-meteorological conditions in the
first half of 2010
o Prolonged but not extreme rainfall
o Extremely wet conditions – saturated soil
- Flood waves registered on 39 large and medium
rivers, and numerous torrents
- Repeated flood waves
p
- Flood damage - mainly on unprotected areas
Jan +
Jun/July +
Dec
June
Dec 2009 -
Feb 2010
Dec
June
Floods caused by
Feb - extreme hydro-
hydro-
Feb -
April
April meteorological
phenomena

12. Example of 2010 flood - Serbia
Cause: rapid snowmelt + rainfall (up to 15 mm/day) + very saturated soil
mm/day)
Consequence: 300 houses flooded in unprotected zone
Activity: Reconsideration of flood risk + local flood protection measures

13. The hydrological situation in 2010 was highly unfavorable, with
repeated floods on nearly all national and international rivers -
example of the Sava River, where floods occurred at the very
beginning of the year, in the summer, and in December 2010.
Flood defense activities l t d f 185 d
Fl d d f ti iti lasted for days – mostly emergency
tl
flood defense was in force and in some areas the emergency
situation was declared
Transboundary cooperation
◦ International data and forecast exchange in the region need to be
improved – especially in the Drina river basin
◦ ICPDR report

14. Example of 2010 flood – Drina river basin
The largest and most important
tributary of the Sava River
Catchment area 20320 km2
Montenegro 31,5%
M t 31 5%
Serbia 30,5%
Bosnia and Herzegovina 37%
g %
Albania 1%

15. Example of 2010 flood – Drina river basin
Drina, Tara and Piva and several have End of November/beginning of December 2010
snow-rain regime - largest flows occur in - strong cyclone activity in Montenegro and
May and April. East Herzegovina - causing heavy rainfall,
strong southerly winds, and very high
Melting of snow in the mountains is usually temperatures for the time of year.
gradual – disastrous floods are not
frequent.
q Snowmelt and abundant rainfall (100 200 mm
(100-200
in 3 days) led to a difficult flood situation in the
Drina river Basin.
Flood waves on the Drina tributaries (Piva,
Tara, Cehotina, Lim and Jadar) and the main
course were exceptional.

16. Example of 2010 flood – Drina river basin

17. Example of 2010 flood – Drina river basin
HE Zvornik HE Bajina Basta HE Visegrad

18. Example of 2010 flood – Drina river basin

19. Example of 2010 flood – Drina river basin

20. Example of 2010 flood – Drina river basin

21. Role of HPP reservoirs in flood events – flood storage?
Enhancement of cooperation between HMSs
◦ Common study of 2010 flood development – lessons for the future
◦ Development of early warning system
◦ Common regional hydrometeorological information system
Reconsideration of flood levels if new levee is constructed on the left bank
between Janja and Bijeljina – large volume of the existing floodplain

22. HUNGARY
CROATIA
SERBIA
ROMANIA
SERBIA

23. %
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
4 55 0
1 2 .5BEZDAN
1 0 .0 A PATIN
4 10 0
64
.4
1 7 OG OJEVO
3BO 0
3 30
.0
1 3VU 0
UKOVAR
1 5 .5 N. SAD
2 55 0
2 55
.5
1SLA 0
1 ANKAME N
Stacionaza (km)
1 7 .0 ZEMUN
1 30 0
1 40
.0
1 5 PANCEVO
P0
Decreased occurrence of ice phenomena
1 62
.2
1 1 EDEREVO
SME 0
1 .5 .8
V G8
0 9RADIS TE
R0
1 4GO LUBAC
0 20
G0
.0
period 1 7 -20 6
period 1 0 -19 0
91 0.
91 7.
MILA
D. 9 90ANOVA C
9 .00

24. Decreased duration of ice phenomena
550
500
450
400
350
SNTV ( C)
o
300
V
250
200
Floating ice
150
100
50
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110
ТLP (dana)
550
500
450
400
NTV ( C)
350
300
Standing ice 250
SN
200 )
150
100
50
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
ТLS (dana)
1901-1970. 1971-2006.