Vogeler shows how boundaries of both nation and media are collapsing into the world-wide web, and demonstrates the collaborative possibilities of combined diplomatic corpora. Presentation at the International Medieval Congress in Leeds, 2009 July

1. Possibilities of Digital
Analysis of Charter corpora
Georg Vogeler

2. IMC Leeds, 9.7.2009Georg Vogeler 2
Charter Corpora on the Web
 Württembergisches Urkundenbuch (http://maja.bsz-
bw.de/wubonline/
 CDLM (http://cdlm.unipv.it)
 DEEDS (http://www.utoronto.ca/deeds/)
 Monasterium.net (http://www.monasterium.net)
 Ut per litteras apostolicas …
(http://www.brepolis.net)
 Diplomatico Firenze
(http://www.archiviodistato.firenze.it/diplomatico)

3. IMC Leeds, 9.7.2009Georg Vogeler 3
What’s their advantage?
 Images
 Reconstructed archives
• Virtuelles Archiv Salzburg
• Archive of the Stift Ardagger
 Fast search
 => take the charter heritage as is
not as defined by organisational reasons

4. IMC Leeds, 9.7.2009Georg Vogeler 4
Online Corpus abolishes borders …
 between repositories
 between forms of representation
and

5. IMC Leeds, 9.7.2009Georg Vogeler 5
Research on set phrases
 Vernacular dating clauses
• Latin model: (Ulm 1275 März 29)
dirre dinge iſt gezivch herre Marquart von
Bleichen herre hartman von ſahſenhvſen vn
herre tecke von annenhoven. Datum · IIIIo · kl
· aprilis · anno dni · Mo · CCo · IXXVo.
• German model almost free from it:
Diz geſchach zehahberch an deme Ciſtage in der
phingeſtwochen / do von gotteſ geb̓vrte waren
zwelfhundert Sibenzig vn f̓vnf Jar

6. IMC Leeds, 9.7.2009Georg Vogeler 6
Dating Clauses
 13th century:
• Germany (de Boor 1975)
- South-western model:
• dis geschach do man zalte von gotes gebúrte zwelf
hundert und niun und niunzig jar.
- South-eastern model:
• ditz ist geschehen, do es waren von christes geburt
tousent zwaihundert und darnach in dem niun unde
niunzegisten jare.

7. IMC Leeds, 9.7.2009Georg Vogeler 7
In monasterium.net
for $u in //tenor[not(.='')]/ancestor::text[.//lang_MOM='Deutsch']
let $dat := substring($u//tenor, (string-length($u//tenor) - 200))
where number($u//date_sort) lt 14000001 and
number($u//date_sort) gt 13000000
order by $u//date_sort
return <dat><wo>{
$u/@b_name
} {
$u//issued/placeName/text()
}</wo>
<was> {
$dat
}</was></dat>

8. IMC Leeds, 9.7.2009Georg Vogeler 8
In monasterium.net
[Dd][aov]
([uv][ao]n|nach)
(([Gg]ot{1,2}[ei]{0,1}[sz])|
(([Cc]h|[cCkK])rist[eisz]*?)|
([uv]n{1,2}s[ei]{0,1}r[ei]{0,1}[sz]
[hH]er{1,2}[ei]{0,1}n))
([Gge]*?[PBpb][uv][oe°]{0,1}ri{0,1}[td][hte]*?)
(w[ao]^{0,1}[rzs][ien]*?)

9. IMC Leeds, 9.7.2009Georg Vogeler 9
In monasterium.net

10. IMC Leeds, 9.7.2009Georg Vogeler 10
Results
 13th century:
• 433 texts
• “zalt”-model: 24, all but 5 from the Chartularium
Sangallense
• “waren”-model: 137, all but 15 from the south-eastern
regions
 14th century:
• 8354 texts
• “zalt”-model: 2478, 964 not from St. Gallen
• “waren”-model: 350, only 13 from St. Gallen

11. IMC Leeds, 9.7.2009Georg Vogeler 11
Methods of Investigation
 Already in use
• Simple word selection/word count (Tock,
Brousseau, Parisse)
• Phrase statistics (Gervers/Margolin)
• Graphetic detail analysis (Fiebig)
• Hand identification by pattern analysis
(Schomaker/Burgers)
• Named entity recognition (Stoyan/Schmidt)

12. IMC Leeds, 9.7.2009Georg Vogeler 12
Possible Programming
 Testing/adapting existing algorithms
• Author identification tools
• Graphical variation tools
• Named Entity Recognition methods for clauses
 to find the connections between charters that
aren’t kept in the same archive/aren’t printed in
the same edition:
• e.g.: Influence of recipient on the charters
• Spread of formula, regions of legal culture

13. IMC Leeds, 9.7.2009Georg Vogeler 13
Early medieval diplomatics
 Add charters to the online corpora
 Add information to the online charter corpora
 Take text analytic software into consideration
 Ask your local computer scientist what he could
help you

14. Thank you for your attention
g.vogeler@lmu.de