The document provides information on establishing an emergency road network for Tehran in the event of an earthquake. It discusses determining vulnerable infrastructure like bridges, gas lines, and underground tunnels that could block roads. Historical seismic data is used to estimate debris levels that may result from collapsed buildings. A network is designed in GIS considering shortest routes to critical locations. The plan includes designating primary, secondary and access routes, and estimating traffic flow post-disaster. Responsibilities are defined for conducting damage assessments, debris removal and reopening roads. The importance of public information dissemination is also highlighted.

1. In the name of God

2. Tehran
Key Information
Province Tehran
Latitude 35 40 N
Longitude 51 26 E
City 1500 km (579 sq mi)
Urban 686 km (265 sq mi)
Elevation 1200 m (3,900 ft)
Population(2006) about 11,000,000
Density 10000/km (25,899/sq mi)
Time zone 3.5 GMT
District 22
Sub District 155
Neighborhood (Mahalleh) 375
Tehran is located at a zone
of high seismic potential
with many peculiar active
faults.
According to historical
seismic data, Tehran has
suffered from several
strong earthquakes.

3. 1991
)1370H.S.(
1555
)934H.S.(
1866
)1246H.S.(
1970
)1349H.S.(
Tehran Urban Development and locationTehran Urban Development and location
of existing faultsof existing faults

4. Integrated Seismic Vulnerability Map of Tehran

5. Tehran situation
Tehran metropolitan cover huge area with:
Pop of 8/000/000
Average PoP density about 112
person/hectar/ in some area PoP density
reach 350/hectar
11/000 km Road/routs
1500 highway
There is a grate need for quick and smooth
road network to reach to the affected area
for each emergency responsible
organization

6. The Influence on Traffic after the earthquake occurred
Road damage
Traffic Jam
Building collapse
Lifeline damage
）Electric poles
falling down etc. （Railway damage
Interruption of
traffic network
Search and Rescue
Traffic paralysis
Emergency Recovery
Emergency
Transportation
Evacuation
Debris
Bridge damage
Emergency ResponseEmergency ResponseEmergency ResponseEmergency Response
Quick Inspection
Earthquake occurredEarthquake occurred
Direct DamageDirect DamageDirect DamageDirect Damage Indirect DamageIndirect DamageIndirect DamageIndirect Damage
InfluenceInfluenceInfluenceInfluence
Delay Greater Damage

7.  The Road Damaged by Earthquake
Experience in Traffic after Great East Japan EQ, 2011(3) Situation of the Traffic
& Transportation

8. Tehran Emergency Road Network
Establishment of emergency road
network to maintain road
functions & to provide proper
R.N/S for efficient and smooth
emergency vehicle movement &
operation &
Efficient rescue and relief operation,
collection of damage information,
fire fighting operation is necessary

9. Experience in Traffic after Great East Japan EQ, 2011
Situation of Tokyo
 Metropolitan Expressway : All Blocked for Quick Inspection
Railway, Subway
 All Line stopped
by Emergency Stop &
Safety Check
Heavy Traffic Jam
Return Home on foot
Many People who have
difficulty returning
home

10.  The Bridge Damaged by Earthquake
Situation of the Traffic & Transportation

11. Activities of Emergency Road Network plan in Tehran
 Preparation emergency routes & designation the
alternative routes
 Determination the influence of the surrounding
buildings &facilities on road
 Determination vulnerability of the bridges,
tunnels & other technical buildings
 Preparation utilization & maintenance plan for ERN /debris
removal &reopening plan
 preparation guidelines & implementation plan for
network facilities
 Holding seminars &drills
 Holding training workshops

12. Expected output
Emergency road network (Map)
Emergency road control zoning (Map)
Analysis result of traffic flow in
emergency case
Manual for emergency traffic control

13. Preparation the emergency routes
and
Designation the alternative routes

14. Preparation the related data of in order to analysis
Tehran network
Selection the shortest path analysis method
• using the time factor
• speed limitation, 60 km/hr for the highways
• speed limitation of 30 km/hr for the main roads

15. Input data:
Presidential office
Ministry of interior and the national disaster management ORG
Tehran provincial governor
Tehran municipality
Traffic and transportation deputy
TDMMO
Radio and TV
Technical and constructional deputy of Tehran municipality
Airports
Tehran City’s entrances
Railway stations
Assisting bases

16. Designing the primery emergency routes by using the shortest path
analysis in GIS

17. controlling for providing
access for important spots
omitting the extra
routes and optimizing
the situation of the lines
Transforming the routes into a circle shape
Determination alternatives for the routes
Final revision of the network in terms of unity and integration and other
controlling points
overall revision of the network in terms of unity
and integration
Process of the Emergency Route Network design

18. Designing the Emergency Routes Network for Tehran

19. - Evacuation of the private cars
-Restriction for all type of unauthorized vehicles to enter in city
Emergency routes
without police control
With police control
• Retrofitting priority
• inspection and data collection priority
•Debris removal, reopening and repair
priorities
•police control at the required parts
Types of emergency routes in terms of applied the regulations

20. Estimation expected Blockages in the Network due to
the Destruction of adjacent Buildings

21. Estimating Expected Blockages in the Network due to Destruction of in the-adjacent
Buildings- experience of previous earthquakes

22. Determination the
development of the
debris
Determination
the volume of
debris
Evaluation of
necessary the
equipment
Comparison with the roads
width
Determination the extent of
road blockage
Determination the possibility of
collapse building collapse
)Hazus(
- Age of the building
- Type of the structure
- The building’s number
and stories (how many)
Determination the debris amount
Estimation Debris from Destruction of Adjacent Buildings in Network

23. Destruction
risk
0-50%
>50%
Estimating on Expected Blockages in the Network due to the Destruction of Surrounding
Buildings- map example

24. Method for Estimation of the
Extent of Debris Development

25.  Considering different modes of debris development
 Similarity of the destruction modes in the study zoon with the
buildings of Tehran City
Estimation Expected Blockages in the Network due to the Destruction of Surrounding
Buildings-Greek method

26. ‫حداقل‬5
‫متر‬
blockage of a
pedestrian and
one line
Extent of debris
removal
2.01-4.7
0-2
4.71–8.3
8.31–10.9
10.91–17.3
Estimation the Expected Blockages in Network due to the Destruction of Adjacent
Buildings- sample map of debris development

27. Damage Assessment Method for Life Lines
Determination expected Blockages
Caused by the Damage of the Life Lines

28. influence of destruction of the power poles on the roads (Wenchuan earthquake, 2008(influence of destruction of the power poles on the roads (Wenchuan earthquake, 2008(
Estimation of the Expected Blockages in the Network
due to the Damage of the Life Line- experience of the previous earthquakes

29. preparation corresponding
maps
determination the
junctions of them
Evaluation the vulnerability
of life lines
(RR)
Determination the
no of rupture
1- . junction with gas pipelines
2- . junction with water pipelines
3- . junction with swage pipelines
4- .junction with power
transmission lines
5- . junction with optical fiber
lines
Selection the
earthquake scenario
scenario of an earthquake with magnitude of 7
on the northern Tehran’s fault
Estimation of the expected Blockages in the Network due to the Damage of the Gas
Pipelines- Determining the Junction Spots

30. Example of Estimation of Expected
Blockages in the Network
)due to the damage of gas pipe lines(

31. Map of distribution of gas pipes and the emergency road network in district 3
District border
Gas distribution network (250)
Gas distribution network (60)
Emergency transportation network
Primary route
Secondary route
Accessing route
Highway
Main road
Branch road
Foot path
Estimation of expected Blockages in the Network due to the Damage of the Gas Pipelines-
Determining the Junction Spots

32. Map of distribution of gas selection and the emergency road network in district 3
District border
Gas distribution network (250)
Gas distribution network (60)
Emergency transportation network
Primary route
Secondary route
Accessing route
Highway
Main road
Branch road
Foot path
Estimation of Expected Blockages in the Network due to the Damage of the Gas Pipelines-
selecting the obstacles

33. Gas distribution network (250)
Gas distribution network (60)
Accessing routes
Highway emergency routes
Road emergency routes
Highway
Main road
Branch road
Foot path
Estimation of Expected Blockages in the Network due to the Damage of the Gas Pipelines-
selection the obstacles

34. collapse of the bridge and blockage of the road (wenchuan earthquake, 2008(collapse of the bridge and blockage of the road (wenchuan earthquake, 2008(
Estimating Expected Blockages in the Network Due to the Damage of the Life Lines-
Experiences of the Past Earthquakes

35. Estimating Expected Blockages in the Network Due to the Damage of the Gas Pipe Lines-
Past Experience

36. Determination the Expected Blockages in the
Network Due to the Collapse of the Ghanats or
Faulting

37. preparation the
corresponding maps
Determination
their junctions
1- Junction with the
Ghanat route
2- Junction with the
fault
Selection the
earthquake scenario
scenario of an earthquake with magnitude of 7 over
the northern fault of Tehran
Determining Expected Blockages in the Network Due to the Collapse of the Ghanats or
Faulting

38. Estimating Expected Blockages in the Network Due to the Damage of the Gas Pipe Lines-
Experience of Bam Earthquake

39. Determining Expected Blockages in the Network Due to the Collapse of the Ghanats or
Faulting- corresponding maps
legend
Ghanat
Fault
Emergency
transportation route
Primary route
Secondary route
Accessing route
Highway
Main road
Branch road
Foot path
District border
Main fault zone
Medium fault zone
Branch fault zone
Map of the Ghanats and the emergency road network in district 3

40. Determination Expected Blockages in the Network Due to the Collapse of the Ghanats or
Faulting- experience of the past earthquakes

41. Determination the vulnerability of
the bridges, tunnels& technical
buildings -Estimation of the bridges
damage

42. Field inspections
Collection of information based on the developed form
sheets
Classification of the bridges
Using the HAZUS methodology in order to study the effect
of wave propagation
Damage estimation by considering different scenarios
Developing the ID for each District municipality

43. Estimation Expected Blockages in the
Network
Caused by the damage of the
bridges

44. Evaluation the
vulnerability of the
bridges
Determination the
number of the
obstacles
Selection of
earthquake scenario
scenario of an earthquake with magnitude
of 7 over the northern fault of Tehran
Estimation Expected Blockages in the Network
Caused by the damage of the bridges

45. Pedestrian bridges
Highway bridges
Estimating Expected Blockages in the Network Due to the Damage of the Life Lines-
Experiences of the Past Earthquakes

46. Estimating Expected Blockages in the Network Due to the Damage of the Life Lines-
Experiences of the Past Earthquakes

47. Damage Possibility
Bridge Name District RowComplete High
mediu
m low
0.60 0.74 0.79 0.83 Chamran-Jalal (Gisha( 2 1
0.55 0.70 0.75 0.80 Hafez-Taleghani 6 2
0.55 0.70 0.75 0.80 College bridge (Hafez-Enghaleb( 6 3
0.52 0.77 0.87 0.90 Hemmat-Modarres (Fajr Bridges( 3 4
0.44 0.63 0.70 0.80
Tehran-Karaj highway- Shisheh Mina
Bullevard 21 5
0.43 0.63 0.70 0.79
Tehran-Karaj highway- Western
entrance of Azadi Stadium (9th
Chogan( 22 6
0.37 0.62 0.73 0.74 Modarres-Mirdamad 3 7
0.36 0.61 0.73 0.74 South Chamran to Niayesh 3 8
0.35 0.61 0.72 0.74 Niyayesh-Chamran 3 9
0.35 0.60 0.72 0.74 Chamran-Valiasr (Parkway( 3 10
0.29 0.50 0.50 0.51
Tehran-Karaj highway – Chitgar
Park 22 11
0.27 0.48 0.48 0.48 Hafez-Jomhoori 11 12
Selection the vulnerable bridges along the emergency routes

48. Emergency response
plan Plan against
Earthquake Disaster in
the Traffic and
Transportation Section

49. 1. - introducing the responsibilities and the roles of the assisting and
coordinating agencies
2. Introduction
the operation
1. inspection and collecting info
2. debris removal and reopening the passages
3. doing repairs
3. program development
assumptions
4. Introduction the Emergency
routes
5. Recovery plan
Emergency Response Plan against Earthquake Disaster in the Traffic and
Transportation System of Tehran City

50. introducing the responsibilities and the roles of the assisting and coordinating
ORGs
TDMMO
Municipality of the districts (disaster services director, transportation
deputies)
Traffic and Transportation Deputy of Tehran Municipality
Urban Services Deputy of Tehran Municipality
Technical and Constructional Deputy of Tehran Municipality
Subway Company of Tehran and the Suburbs
The Bus and the Taxi Company of Tehran City
Traffic Police of the Greater Tehran
Emergency Response Plan against Earthquake Disaster in the Traffic and
Transportation Sector of Tehran City

51.  Detention the characteristics of the Bridges in GIS
Format
Responsibility of the Districts Municipalities of Tehran

52.  Detention the list of the important centers for
priority access in GIS Format
Responsibility of the Districts Municipalities of Tehran

53.  installation signs, traffic linings and other tools for utilizing
the routes, blocking equipment and…
 Development the executing plan for emergency routs after
disaster
Responsibility of the Districts Municipalities of Tehran

54. The form sheet of getting field information and designing and implementation of
the emergency routes in Tehran City

55. developing the plan for clearing and reopening the routs after the
earthquake, including the evaluation of the passages &the obstacles and….
clearing and reopening the routes (wenchuan, 2008)clearing and reopening the routes (wenchuan, 2008)
Responsibility of the Districts Municipalities of Tehran

56. .
Developing plan for inspections of routes and bridges in the district
after the earthquake (with priority of the emergency routes)
inspection of the bridges after the earthquake (wenchuan, 2008(inspection of the bridges after the earthquake (wenchuan, 2008(
Responsibility of the Districts Municipalities of Tehran

57. Developing the program of utilization of the detours in the district
Determination the dispatching centers of the machineries and the human
resources in the district
Determination the program for metro passengers;
Preparation the program for bus and taxi lines in the district in order to
meet the needs in disaster time
Determination the evacuation routes for the district
Responsibility of the Districts Municipalities of Tehran

58. Designation the traffic control spots in the
network
Estimating the required human
resources and equipment
Related coordination with the Police
Utilization of the Emergency Routes Network of Tehran City

59. Finding
ERN should be selected from existing arterial
road network.
ERN should not be excessively designated/it
should be in coordination with actual
capabilities of each emergency task force /
debris removal/ traffic control & etc…
The public & private participation is important
The information dissemination is key element
of successful operation

60. Information Dissemination
Closing (Current situation for Traffic after EQ in Japan)
Rules for Drivers when the earthquake occurs in JapanRules for Drivers when the earthquake occurs in Japan
If you feel the shaking?
• Stop and not panic
• Information gathering
• Do not evacuate by car
(Now studying the effect
and Balance of the
evacuation by car)
In case of Normal Road?
• Stop once to the left side
• Move the parking, outside
of Emergency Traffic
Road
• Follow the Police
In case of Highway ?
• Stop once to the left side
• Act for the instruction,
assistance and guidance
by police, road manager
• Park to the left side
• Leave the engine key in
car
• Do not lock the door
• Do not leave the valuables
In case of evacuation to
leave the car on the road?
Field Training Exercise for TrafficField Training Exercise for Traffic
Control after the Great East Japan EQControl after the Great East Japan EQ
Field Training Exercise for TrafficField Training Exercise for Traffic
Control after the Great East Japan EQControl after the Great East Japan EQ
Current situation for Traffic after EQ in JapanCurrent situation for Traffic after EQ in Japan

61. Summery

62. Invest Today For a Safer TomorrowInvest Today For a Safer Tomorrow