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Privacy and Data Protection in the Cloud Era
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Franck Franchin
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Cours CyberSécurité - Université Versailles St Quentin - Privacy - Avril 2013
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Privacy and Data Protection in the Cloud Era
1.
Mars- Avril 2013 Franck
Franchin 1
2.
Master Droit -
Franck Franchin - © 2013 2 “Asking Google to educate consumers about privacy is like asking the fox to teach the chickens how to ensure the security of their coop” Consumer Watchdog, March 2013
3.
Master Droit -
Franck Franchin - © 2013 Search – Yahoo or Google keep your data for 18 months ! Webmail – Google goes through every word of every Gmail that’s sent or received to sell targeted ads. Google Docs Street View (Wifi traffic and pwd scans… hum ?) Conference Management Systems - very used in academic research community with document sharing (papers, reviews, patent drafts) FREE SERVICE DOES NOT EXIST ! 3
4.
Master Droit -
Franck Franchin - © 2013 The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 prescribes procedures for requesting judicial authorization for electronic surveillance and physical search of persons engaged in espionage or international terrorism against the United States on behalf of a foreign power. The Stored Communications Act of 1986 is a law that addresses voluntary and compelled disclosure of "stored wire and electronic communications and transactional records" held by third- party internet service providers (ISPs) Patriot Act - Signed by President George W. Bush on October 26, 200, renew by President Bush on March 9, 2006 The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act Amendment Act (FISAA - 2008) allows US authorities to spy on cloud data that includes Amazon Cloud Drive, Apple iCloud and Google Drive. 4
5.
Master Droit -
Franck Franchin - © 2013 The US law allows American agencies to access all private information stored with firms within Washington’s jurisdiction, without a warrant, if the information is felt to be in the US interests. That means any company with a presence in the US and regardless of where the data is stored or the existence of any conflicting obligations under the laws where the data is located Some US-based cloud services and hosting companies might not be able to comply with the EDPD : customers whose private data should have been disclosed under FISA won’t be always notified (which is not compliant with EC directives) 5
6.
Master Droit -
Franck Franchin - © 2013 The famous 95/46/EC Directive The European Data Protection Directive requires companies to inform users when they disclose personal information There are clauses in the Directive that allow data to be stored outside of the EU Evolution in progress since 2012 ; but strong lobbying against data breach notification enforcement and data aggregation processing restrictions 6
7.
Master Droit -
Franck Franchin - © 2013 The U.S.-EU Safe Harbor Framework provides guidance for U.S. organizations on how to provide adequate protection for personal data from the EU as required by the European Union's Directive on Data Protection. Participation is voluntary Based on principles agreed by Directive 95/46 (October, 1995) Five major points : ◦ Data owner has been informed of data processing and transfer ◦ Data owner can revoke the rights he granted. ◦ Explicit agreement ◦ Access and change right (aka droit d’accès et de rectification) ◦ Data security (confidentiality, integrity, availability) 7
8.
Master Droit -
Franck Franchin - © 2013 Payment card security standards body PCI Security Standards Council (PCI SSC) has released new guidance for merchants using cloud-based systems for customer payment data “Many merchants mistakenly believe that if they outsource everything to a cloud service provider, much of of the responsibility goes away for being PCI compliant – unfortunately, that’s simply not the case,” Bob Russo, general manager at the PCI Security Standards Council “A merchant needs to ensure that a cloud services provider is PCI-compliant not just for its own piece, but for the entire spectrum, including what that provider is specifically doing for the merchant.” 8
9.
Master Droit -
Franck Franchin - © 2013 TFTP (Terrorist Financing Tracking System)/SWIFT (28 Juin 2010) Europol in charge of Audit conducted by Europol in Nov 2010, with warning report issued in March 2011 Too generic requests are made by US (Dpt of Treasury) but acknowledged by Europol So generic, it’s impossible to confirm these requests are compliant with European Data Protection Directives 9
10.
Master Droit -
Franck Franchin - © 2013 Nova Scotia Case - As part of a criminal prosecution in US, the Court requested that the US subsidiary disclosed documents stored in Cayman Islands. Valetta Case – Australian subsidiary of this Maltin bank was summoned by australian Court to disclose documents stored in Malta 10