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Waterwise
       Plants
            for Lincoln &
                SE Nebraska




Presented by
The Mayor's Water
Conservation Task Force
Waterwise Plants for Lincoln, Nebraska
         As Lincoln’s population continues to grow, new
pressures will be put on available public water resources. Using
water wisely in the landscape is a vital part of water
conservation. When you plan your landscape, be sure to include
specific goals to reduce water use.
         Although the plants listed here are valued for their low
water needs, they still require regular watering during the first
year. Plants develop healthy root systems when they are
watered slowly. This allows moisture to soak into the ground
instead of running off.
         When planting perennials, prepare the soil before
planting by adding organic matter. To enrich the soil, improve
aeration and drainage, spread a 2-4 inch layer of organic
matter on the soil surface. Dig this layer in to a depth of 6
inches. While compost or well-rotted manure is best, chopped
leaves or grass clippings can be used although they may tie up
some of the available nitrogen in the soil, making an additional
application of fertilizer necessary. In most instances, soil
improvement is not recommended when planting trees and
shrubs. Testing your soil before planting is always a good idea.
         After planting, add a layer of mulch over the soil to
retain moisture and reduce runoff. Mulching also helps to
control weeds. Three to four inches of mulch is plenty.
         Lincoln nursery and garden centers will carry most of
the plants listed in this brochure. If you have questions about a
plant’s suitability in your landscape, contact your nursery or
the Lancaster County Cooperative Extension Service.

                        Table of Contents
Trees............................................................................1-4
Shrubs....................................................................... 5-10
Perennials............................................................... 10-23
Ornamental Grasses................................................ 23-26
                             Symbols Key
                                        Shade
                                        Part Sun
                                        Full Sun
                                        Attracts Butterflies
Trees
BUCKEYE, OHIO
Aesculus glabra

Bloom Color: White
Bloom Time: May
Height:      45-50’
Spread:      35-45’
Remarks:     Rounded tree with spring
             flower panicles followed by
             seed pods. Displays strong
             drought tolerance.

CHOKECHERRY
Prunus species

Bloom Color: White
Bloom Time: April-May
Height:      25-30'
Spread:      15-20’
Remarks:     Tough native tree that
             suckers to form thickets.
             Mow to keep in tree form.
             Great drought tolerance.
             Purple-leafed varieties
             available.
CRABAPPLE
Malus cultivars

Bloom Color:      White, pink
Bloom Time:       April-May
Height:           8-25’
Spread:           6-25’
Remarks:          Showy blooms. New
                  varieties with persistent fruit
                  and disease tolerance.




                                               1
Trees
GINKGO, MAIDENHAIR TREE
Ginkgo biloba

Height:         45-50’
Spread:         30-40’
Remarks:        Fan shaped leaves turn
                yellow in fall. Slow grower.
                Tolerates air pollution.
                Smaller varieties available.
GOLDENRAIN TREE
Koelreuteria paniculata

Bloom Color:    Yellow
Bloom Time:     June-July
Height:         25-30’
Spread:         15-20’
Remarks:        Lovely flowers and pod-like
                fruit. Tough and very
                drought tolerant.
HAWTHORN
Crataegus species

Bloom Color:    White
Bloom Time:     May-June
Height:         25-35'
Spread:         15-20’
Remarks:        Tough, small tree with nice
                fall fruit.

HONEYLOCUST
Gleditsia triancanthos

Height:         40-50’
Spread:         35-40’
Remarks:        Graceful habit with yellow fall
                color. A very tough tree. Look
                for thornless and seedless
                varieties.




                                           2
Trees
KENTUCKY COFFEETREE
Gymnocladus dioicus

Height:         50-60’
Spread:         35-45’
Remarks:        Adaptable to harsh
                conditions once established.
                Seedpods are poisonous.
LINDEN
Tilia species

Bloom Color:    White
Bloom Time:     May
Height:         40-60’
Spread:         30-50’
Remarks:        Some are native to plains.
                Nice heart shaped leaves
                and fragrant blooms.
MAPLE
Acer species

Height:         25-60'
Spread:         25-50’
Remarks:        Many types are drought
                tolerant. Great fall color.
                Armur maple is smaller and
                available as multi-trunked.

OAK
Oak species

Height:         50-60’
Spread:         40-50’
Remarks:        Beautiful, durable trees.
                Many are drought tolerant
                and native. Interesting
                acorns, bark and leaf texture.
                Dwarf Chinkapin is available.




                                          3
Trees
PINE
Pinus species

Height:         50-60’
Spread:         40-50’
Remarks:        Many to choose from.
                Ponderosa, Bristlecone,
                Limber and Red Pine for
                drier soil.
REDBUD
Cercis canadensis

Bloom Color:    Reddish-purple, white
Bloom Time:     April-May
Height:         20-30’
Spread:         20-25’
Remarks:        Loaded with Spring blooms.
                Prefers growing in some
                shade.
SERVICEBERRY
Amelanchier species

Bloom Color:    White
Bloom Time:     April-May
Height:         15-25'
Spread:         8-12’
Remarks:        Beautiful native tree/shrub.
                White flowers in spring
                followed by summer fruit that
                birds love.

SPRUCE; BLUE, BLACK HILLS
Picea species

Height:         35-50’
Spread:         25-40’
Remarks:        Blue-green color on this
                evergreen. Very drought
                tolerant.




                                           4
Shrubs
BUFFALO CURRANT
Ribes odoratum

Bloom Color:     Yellow
Bloom Time:      June-July
Height:          3-6'
Spread:          2-4'
Remarks:         Native clove-scented shrub
                 with black berries.
BUSH CINQUEFOIL
Potentilla species

Bloom Color: Yellow, orange, white,
             salmon
Bloom Time: July-August
Height:      2-4'
Spread:      3-6'
Remarks:     Heat loving shrub with bright
             colors and compact habit.
BUTTERFLY BUSH
Buddleia species

Bloom Color:     Pink, white, purple
Bloom Time:      July-September
Height:          3-10'
Spread:          3-6'
Remarks:         Colorful bloom spikes set on
                 silvery foliage.
CHOKEBERRY
Aronia species

Bloom Color:     White
Bloom Time:      May-June
Height:          5-8'
Spread:          4-5'
Remarks:         Native, adaptable shrub with
                 seasonal interest: Blooms,
                 fruit and vibrant fall color.




                                           5
Shrubs
CORAL BERRY
Symphoricarpos orbiculatus

Bloom Color:     White, pink
Bloom Time:      May
Height:          3-6'
Spread:          4-6'
Remarks:         Native. Arching branches
                 are heavy with berries all
                 winter.
COTONEASTER
Cotoneaster species

Bloom Color:     White, pink
Bloom Time:      May-June
Height:          2-5'
Spread:          4-6'
Remarks:         Nice fruit display, fall color.
DOGWOOD
Cornus species

Bloom Color:     White, yellow
Bloom Time:      May-June
Height:          3-10'
Spread:          3-8'
Remarks:         Red and yellow twig color
                 adds to winter landscape.
                 Variegated leaves on some
                 types. Seasonal interest.
FERNLEAF BUCKTHORN
Rhamnus asplenifolia

Height:          10-15'
Spread:          6-9'
Remarks:         Willow-leafed shrub has an
                 exotic look. Very tough
                 shrub.




                                               6
Shrubs
FLOWERING QUINCE
Chaenomeles species

Bloom Color:      White, pink, red
Bloom Time:       March-April
Height:           6-10'
Spread:           4-6'
Remarks:          Stems are loaded with
                  delicate blooms in Spring.
FORSYTHIA
Forsythia species

Bloom Color:      Yellow
Bloom Time:       March-April
Height:           8-10'
Spread:           4-6'
Remarks:          Brilliant yellow flowers in
                  early spring.
JUNIPER
Juniperus species

Height:           1-6'
Spread:           5-8'
Remarks:          Durable evergreen used for
                  screens, hedges and
                  windbreaks.
LILAC
Syringa species

Bloom Color:      White, lilac, rose-purple
Bloom Time:       May
Height:           6-12'
Spread:           6-8'
Remarks:          Very fragrant blooms on
                  shiny green foliage.




                                                7
Shrubs
MOCK ORANGE
Philadelphus species

Bloom Color:    White
Bloom Time:     April-May
Height:         6-8'
Spread:         4-8'
Remarks:        Very fragrant white blooms
                cover entire shrub.
NINEBARK
Physocarpus opulifolious

Bloom Color:    White
Bloom Time:     May-June
Height:         5-8'
Spread:         3-5'
Remarks:        Blooms and exfoliating bark
                on this upright shrub. Showy
                purple-leafed forms available.
PINE
Pinus species

Height:         3-8'
Spread:         3-8'
Remarks:        Evergreen that is suitable for
                small spaces, rock gardens.
                Mugo is a nice choice.
ROSE, SHRUB
Rosa rugosa

Bloom Color:    White, red, pink, yellow
Bloom Time:     June-September
Height:         3-8'
Spread:         4-6'
Remarks:         Easy care, lots of color.
                Some are fragrant.
                Landscape roses are also
                drought tolerant.




                                             8
Shrubs
SERVICEBERRY
Amelanchier species

Bloom Color:      White
Bloom Time:       April-May
Height:           6-12'
Spread:           5-10'
Remarks:          White spring blooms
                  followed by edible fruit. Red
                  and orange fall color.
SPIREA
Spiraea species

Bloom Color:      Pink, white
Bloom Time:       May-October
Height:           3-7'
Spread:           3-6'
Remarks:          Long blooming if sheared.
                  Excellent fall color.
ST. JOHN'S WORT
Hypericum species

Bloom Color:      Yellow
Bloom Time:       June-July
Height:           3-6'
Spread:           3-6'
Remarks:          Sunny yellow flowers on
                  compact shrub.
SUMAC
Rhus species

Bloom Color:      Red, maroon
Bloom Time:       August
Height:           2-15'
Spread:           5-12'
Remarks:          Native, withstands
                  heat/drought. Brilliant fall
                  color, fruit set.




                                                 9
Shrubs
VIBURNUM
Viburnum species

Bloom Color:    White, blush pink
Bloom Time:     May-June
Height:         4-18'
Spread:         3-10'
Remarks:        Large genus that offers
                choices for any space.
                Attributes include: blooms,
                fruit clusters, fall color.

Perennials
ANEMONE
Anemone sylvestris

Bloom Color:    White
Bloom Time:     May
Height:         18"
Spread:         24-36"
Remarks:        Native, vigorous spreader.

ARTEMISIA
Artemisia species

Bloom Color:    White, very small
Bloom Time:     July-August
Height:         12-36"
Spread:         18-36"
Remarks:        Beautiful silver foliage. Many
                types available.
ASTER
Aster species

Bloom Color:    White, purple, pink
Bloom Time:     July-September
Height:         12-24"
Spread:         18-36"
Remarks:        Prairie asters are very
                drought tolerant. Pinch back
                stems in early summer for
                compact habit.

                                        10
Perennials
BABY'S BREATH
Gypsophila paniculata

Bloom Color:    White
Bloom Time:     July-August
Height:         36"
Spread:         36"
Remarks:        Dwarf cultivar available,
                great for cut flowers
BASKET-OF-GOLD
Aurinia saxitillis

Bloom Color:    Gold-yellow
Bloom Time:     May
Height:         18"
Spread:         18"
Remarks:        Shear after blooming.
BEEBALM
Monarda didyma

Bloom Color:    Red, pink, purple
Bloom Time:     July-September
Height:         18-36"
Spread:         24-36"
Remarks:         Dwarf varieties available.
                Can be very vigorous in
                growth.
BERGENIA
Bergenia cordifolia

Bloom Color:    Rose pink
Bloom Time:     April-May
Height:         15"
Spread:         18"
Remarks:        Glossy, semi evergreen
                leaves with blooms in spring.




                                            11
Perennials
BLACK-EYED SUSAN
Rudbeckia species

Bloom Color:   Yellow, gold
Bloom Time:    July-August
Height:        18-24"
Spread:        18-24"
Remarks:       Native, daisy-like flowers are
               great for cutting.
BLANKET FLOWER
Gaillardia species

Bloom Color: Crimson red with yellow
             accents
Bloom Time: June-August
Height:      16-24"
Spread:      16-24"
Remarks:     Very drought tolerant.
             Provide good drainage.
BLUE FALSE INDIGO
Baptisia australis

Bloom Color:   Indigo blue
Bloom Time:    May-June
Height:        36"
Spread:        36"
Remarks:       Native prairie plant. Dwarf
               variety available.
BOLTONIA, FALSE CHAMOMILE
Boltonia asteroides

Bloom Color:   White, pale pink
Bloom Time:    August-October
Height:        36"
Spread:        36-42"
Remarks:       Great fall color. Shear back
               in early summer to prevent
               from falling over.




                                        12
Perennials
BUTTERFLY MILKWEED
Asclepias tuberosa

Bloom Color:     Orange
Bloom Time:      July
Height:          18-24"
Spread:          18"
Remarks:         Native prairie plant with
                 clusters of orange flowers.
CANDYTUFT
Iberis sempervirens

Bloom Color:     White
Bloom Time:      May
Height:          15"
Spread:          18"
Remarks:         Shear after blooming.
CARNATION, PINKS
Dianthus species

Bloom Color:     Pink shades, purple, rose
Bloom Time:      June-August
Height:          6-18"
Spread:          12-24"
Remarks:         Nice blue-green foliage and
                 flowers for cutting.
CATMINT
Nepeta species

Bloom Color:     Lavender blue
Bloom Time:      May-August
Height:          12"-18"
Spread:          18-24"
Remarks:         Easy to grow and drought
                 tolerant. Blooms persist all
                 season if faded flowers are
                 cut back.




                                         13
Perennials
COLUMBINE
Aquilegia species

Bloom Color: Blue, purple, red, pink,
             yellow
Bloom Time: May-July
Height:      12-24"
Spread:      12-24"
Remarks:     Versatile plant for sun or
             shade.
CONEFLOWER
Echinacea species

Bloom Color:   White, pink, purple
Bloom Time:    July-August
Height:        18-24"
Spread:        18-24"
Remarks:       Drought tolerant native plant.
CONEFLOWER, MEXICAN HAT
Ratibida

Bloom Color:   Yellow
Bloom Time:    July-August
Height:        24-36"
Spread:        24-36"
Remarks:       Native plant with showy
               blooms.
CORAL BELLS
Heuchera species

Bloom Color:   Red, pink
Bloom Time:    July-August
Height:        8-12"
Spread:        12-18"
Remarks:       Leaf colors range from
               purple to marbled greens.
               Nice stems of tubular
               flowers.




                                         14
Perennials
CRANESBILL
Geranium species

Bloom Color: Blue, rose, pink, white, pale
             pink, magenta
Bloom Time: May-September
Height:      12-24"
Spread:      12-36"
Remarks:     Hardy, dependable plant for
             any area. Showy blooms.
             Many sizes and colors.
DAYLILY
Hemerocallis species

Bloom Color:      Yellow, pink, red and more
Bloom Time:       June-September
Height:           18"-36"
Spread:           24"-36"
Remarks:          Many cultivars are repeat
                  bloomers.
FLAX, GOLDEN
Linum flavum

Bloom Color:      Yellow
Bloom Time:       June- July
Height:           12"-24"
Spread:           12"-24"
Remarks:          Dislikes heavy clay soil.
                  Amend soil with gravel.
GAYFEATHER
Liatris species

Bloom Color:      Purple, white
Bloom Time:       July-September
Height:           18"-24"
Spread:           18"-24"
Remarks:          Attractive spiked blooms.




                                              15
Perennials
GOLDENROD
Solidago species

Bloom Color:    Golden yellow
Bloom Time:     August-September
Height:         18-36"
Spread:         18-36"
Remarks:        Easy to grow, compact
                hybrids available.
HOSTA
Hosta species

Bloom Color:    White, lavender
Bloom Time:     July-August
Height:         12-40"
Spread:         12-40"
Remarks:        Many varieties. Drought
                tolerant once established.
IRIS
Iris species

Bloom Color: Purple, blue, white, pink,
             yellow
Bloom Time: May-June
Height:      12-36"
Spread:      18-24"
Remarks:     Drought tolerant and tough.
             Do not bury rhizomatous root
             too deep for risk of rotting.
LAMB'S EAR
Stachys byzantina

Bloom Color:    Pale pink (small)
Bloom Time:     July
Height:         12-18"
Spread:         18-36"
Remarks:        Great fuzzy silver foliage. Is
                a vigorous grower that
                thrives in poor, dry soils.




                                         16
Perennials
LEADPLANT
Amorpha canescens

Bloom Color:    Lavender blue
Bloom Time:     June-July
Height:         24-36"
Spread:         18-24"
Remarks:        Tough native shrub-like
                plant.
LENTEN ROSE
Helleborus orientalis

Bloom Color:    White, rose, purple
Bloom Time:     April-May
Height:         18"
Spread:         18"
Remarks:        Leathery leaves and nice
                early spring blooms.
MEADOW SAGE, SALVIA
Salvia x sylvestris

Bloom Color:    Dark purple, violet
Bloom Time:     May-October
Height:         18-24"
Spread:         18-24"
Remarks:        Showy spikes of flowers.
                Shear back all spent flowers
                to get continual blooms.
OZARK SUNDROPS, EVENING PRIMROSE
Oenothera macrocarpa

Bloom Color:    Yellow
Bloom Time:     May-July
Height:         6-12"
Spread:         24"
Remarks:        Large, cup shaped flowers
                on this native plant.
                Exceptional drought
                tolerance.




                                          17
Perennials
PENSTEMON, BEARDTONGUE
Penstemon species

Bloom Color:    Red, purple, rose, white, pink
Bloom Time:     June-July
Height:         12-36"
Spread:         18-24"
Remarks:        Showy tubular flowers on
                long stems. Needs well
                drained soils.
PEONY
Paeonia lactiflora

Bloom Color:    Many
Bloom Time:     May-June
Height:         36"
Spread:         36-48"
Remarks:        Fragrant, showy spring
                blooms. Drought tolerant
                once established.
PINCUSHION FLOWER
Scabiosa columbaria

Bloom Color:    Lavender blue
Bloom Time:     May-September
Height:         12-18"
Spread:         12-18"
Remarks:        Showy flowers set on long,
                tubular stems. Semi-
                evergreen foliage.
PITCHER SAGE
Salvia azurea

Bloom Color:    Blue-violet
Bloom Time:     late July-early September
Height:         36-48"
Spread:         36"
Remarks:        Native prairie plant.
                Exceptional drought
                tolerance.



                                        18
Perennials
POPPY MALLOW, WINECUPS
Callirhoe involucrata, Callirhoe alcaeoides

Bloom Color:    Bright rose-purple, white
Bloom Time:     June-August
Height:         12"
Spread:         18"
Remarks:        Native groundcover.
                Excellent drought tolerance.
PURPLE PRAIRIE CLOVER
Dalea purpurea

Bloom Color:    Purple
Bloom Time:     June-July
Height:         12-18"
Spread:         12-18"
Remarks:        Native prairie plant with
                round purple flower heads.
                Needs excellent drainage.
PUSSYTOES
Antennaria species

Bloom Color:    White
Bloom Time:     June
Height:         6"
Spread:         12"
Remarks:        Flower resembles cat's paw.
RATTLESNAKE MASTER
Eryngium yuccafolium

Bloom Color:    White
Bloom Time:     July-August
Height:         24"
Spread:         18"
Remarks:        Yucca-like foliage topped
                with rounded blooms.




                                         19
Perennials
ROCK CRESS
Arabis caucasia

Bloom Color:      White
Bloom Time:       May-June
Height:           6"
Spread:           12-18"
Remarks:          Variegated foliage available
RUSSIAN SAGE
Perovskia atriplicifolia

Bloom Color:      Lavender
Bloom Time:       July-September
Height:           36-48"
Spread:           36"
Remarks:          Delicate silver-gray foliage
                  with spikes of blooms.
                  Exceptional drought
                  tolerance.
SEA LAVENDER
Limonium latifolium

Bloom Color:      Lavender
Bloom Time:       June
Height:           18"
Spread:           18"
Remarks:          Easy to grow. Provide good
                  drainage. Nice cut flowers.
SEDUM
Sedum species

Bloom Color:      Pink, salmon, yellow, white
Bloom Time:       July-October
Height:           3-18"
Spread:           12-36"
Remarks:          Many types available from
                  ground covers to tall
                  varieties.




                                          20
Perennials
SKULLCAP
Scutellaria species

Bloom Color:    Purple
Bloom Time:     June-August
Height:         10-12"
Spread:         12-18"
Remarks:        Native variety 'Smoky Hills' is
                very drought tolerant. Shear
                back after blooms fade for
                second flush.
SNEEZEWEED, HELEN'S FLOWER
Helenium autumnale

Bloom Color:    Yellow, orange, red
Bloom Time:     August-September
Height:         24-36"
Spread:         24"
Remarks:        Native plant. Good with
                ornamental grasses.
SNOW IN SUMMER
Cerastium tomentosum

Bloom Color:    White
Bloom Time:     May-June
Height:         8"
Spread:         12"
Remarks:        Silvery leaves forms carpet.
STOKE'S ASTER
Stokesia laevis

Bloom Color:    Blue, purple, white
Bloom Time:     July-August
Height:         12-18"
Spread:         18"
Remarks:        Showy blooms. Needs soil
                that drains well.




                                          21
Perennials
THYME
Thymus species

Bloom Color:   White, lavender
Bloom Time:    June-July
Height:        3-6"
Spread:        12-24"
Remarks:       Use as ground cover or
               between paving stones.
TICKSEED
Coreopsis species

Bloom Color:   Lemon-yellow, gold
Bloom Time:    May-September
Height:        12-36"
Spread:        12-36"
Remarks:       Cut off spent blooms for
               continuous color.
VERONICA
Veronica species

Bloom Color:   Purple, blue, white, rose
Bloom Time:    May-August
Height:        2-24"
Spread:        12-24"
Remarks:       Many types available from
               ground covers to upright
               varieties. Moderately
               drought tolerant.
VINCA
Vinca minor

Bloom Color:   Lavender
Bloom Time:    May-June
Height:        3-6"
Spread:        36" +
Remarks:       Easy to grow groundcover.




                                      22
Perennials
YARROW
Achillea species

Bloom Color: Yellow, gold, red, rose,
             orange, pink, white
Bloom Time: June-September
Height:      12-24"
Spread:      18-24"
Remarks:     Exceptional drought
             tolerance. Some species are
             native. Cut back faded
             flowers to promote more
             blooms. Vigorous grower.
YUCCA, SOAPWEED
Yucca glauca, Yucca filamentosa

Bloom Color:       Creamy white
Bloom Time:        June-August
Height:            36"
Spread:            36"
Remarks:           Spiny foliage not a good
                   choice for high traffic areas.
                   Yucca glauca is native to
                   central U.S. Extremely
                   drought tolerant.

Ornamental Grasses
BIG BLUESTEM
Andropogon gerardii

Bloom Color:       Tan seedhead
Bloom Time:        July-August
Height:            48"
Spread:            24"
Remarks:           Native prairie grass. Nice
                   copper fall color.




                                            23
Ornamental Grasses
BLUE FESCUE
Festuca glauca

Bloom Color:     Tan seedhead
Bloom Time:      July-August
Height:          12"
Spread:          12"
Remarks:         Blue-gray tuft grass is showy
                 when mass planted or at the
                 border of flower beds.
CAREX OR SEDGE GRASS
Carex elata, Carex stricta

Bloom Color:     Tan seedhead
Bloom Time:      July-August
Height:          12"
Spread:          12-36"
Remarks:         Low growing, spreading
                 groundcover grass with good
                 drought tolerance. Nice
                 variegated varieties
                 available.
FEATHER REED GRASS
Calamagrostis x acutifolia

Bloom Color:     Tan seedhead
Bloom Time:      July-August
Height:          36-40"
Spread:          24-36"
Remarks:         Soft, green blades with
                 showy seedhead. Upright
                 habit.
LITTLE BLUESTEM
Schizachyrium scoparium

Bloom Color:     Tan seedhead
Bloom Time:      July-August
Height:          24-36"
Spread:          18"
Remarks:         Nebraska's state grass. Nice
                 blue-green blades and
                 copper fall color.

                                        24
Ornamental Grasses
MISCANTHUS, SILVER GRASS
Miscanthus sinensis

Bloom Color:   Tan seedhead
Bloom Time:    July-August
Height:        3-6'
Spread:        18-24"
Remarks:       Some cultivars have showy
               variegated blades. Nice
               arching, graceful
               appearance.
NORTHERN SEA OATS
Chasmanthium latifolium

Bloom Color:   Tan seedhead
Bloom Time:    July-August
Height:        30-36"
Spread:        24-36"
Remarks:       Unique flat seed head.
               Reseeds, so plant in
               confined space or remove
               seedlings.
PRAIRIE DROPSEED
Sporobolus heterolepis

Bloom Color:   Tan seedhead
Bloom Time:    July-August
Height:        24"
Spread:        18"
Remarks:       Native prairie grass.
               Tolerates poor, dry soil.
               Graceful, narrow blades.
RAVENNA GRASS
Saccharum ravennae, Erianthus ravennae

Bloom Color:   Tan seedhead
Bloom Time:    August
Height:        8-10'
Spread:        3-6'
Remarks:       Very large grass with showy
               plumes. Cut to ground in
               early spring.

                                       25
Ornamental Grasses
SIDEOATS GRAMA
Bouteloua curtipendula

Bloom Color:   Tan seedhead
Bloom Time:    July-August
Height:        36"
Spread:        24"
Remarks:       Oat-like seed heads grow to
               one side of the stem. Good
               fall color.
SWITCHGRASS
Panicum virgatum

Bloom Color:   Tan seedhead
Bloom Time:    July-August
Height:        4-7'
Spread:        3'
Remarks:       Native tall grass. 'Prairie Sky'
               & 'Heavy Metal' have blue
               tones. 'Shenandoah' has red
               tipped blades.




                                        26
Special Thanks to:
  University of Nebraska-Lincoln Horticulture Department
  Nebraska Statewide Arboretum
     arboretum.unl.edu
  Campbell’s Nurseries and Garden Centers
  Finke Gardens and Nursery
  Artwork by Renee’ Lanik,
   UNL Institute of Agriculture




                                           TM




   We encourage you to visit the waterwise gardens at
                Lincoln Water System
             2021 N. 27th Street, Lincoln

     Visit the Mayor’s Water Conservation Task Force
           website at lincoln.ne.gov keyword: water
            Designed by CITIZEN INFORMATION CENTER 05/2005

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Waterwise Plants for Lincoln and South East Nebraska

  • 1. Waterwise Plants for Lincoln & SE Nebraska Presented by The Mayor's Water Conservation Task Force
  • 2. Waterwise Plants for Lincoln, Nebraska As Lincoln’s population continues to grow, new pressures will be put on available public water resources. Using water wisely in the landscape is a vital part of water conservation. When you plan your landscape, be sure to include specific goals to reduce water use. Although the plants listed here are valued for their low water needs, they still require regular watering during the first year. Plants develop healthy root systems when they are watered slowly. This allows moisture to soak into the ground instead of running off. When planting perennials, prepare the soil before planting by adding organic matter. To enrich the soil, improve aeration and drainage, spread a 2-4 inch layer of organic matter on the soil surface. Dig this layer in to a depth of 6 inches. While compost or well-rotted manure is best, chopped leaves or grass clippings can be used although they may tie up some of the available nitrogen in the soil, making an additional application of fertilizer necessary. In most instances, soil improvement is not recommended when planting trees and shrubs. Testing your soil before planting is always a good idea. After planting, add a layer of mulch over the soil to retain moisture and reduce runoff. Mulching also helps to control weeds. Three to four inches of mulch is plenty. Lincoln nursery and garden centers will carry most of the plants listed in this brochure. If you have questions about a plant’s suitability in your landscape, contact your nursery or the Lancaster County Cooperative Extension Service. Table of Contents Trees............................................................................1-4 Shrubs....................................................................... 5-10 Perennials............................................................... 10-23 Ornamental Grasses................................................ 23-26 Symbols Key Shade Part Sun Full Sun Attracts Butterflies
  • 3. Trees BUCKEYE, OHIO Aesculus glabra Bloom Color: White Bloom Time: May Height: 45-50’ Spread: 35-45’ Remarks: Rounded tree with spring flower panicles followed by seed pods. Displays strong drought tolerance. CHOKECHERRY Prunus species Bloom Color: White Bloom Time: April-May Height: 25-30' Spread: 15-20’ Remarks: Tough native tree that suckers to form thickets. Mow to keep in tree form. Great drought tolerance. Purple-leafed varieties available. CRABAPPLE Malus cultivars Bloom Color: White, pink Bloom Time: April-May Height: 8-25’ Spread: 6-25’ Remarks: Showy blooms. New varieties with persistent fruit and disease tolerance. 1
  • 4. Trees GINKGO, MAIDENHAIR TREE Ginkgo biloba Height: 45-50’ Spread: 30-40’ Remarks: Fan shaped leaves turn yellow in fall. Slow grower. Tolerates air pollution. Smaller varieties available. GOLDENRAIN TREE Koelreuteria paniculata Bloom Color: Yellow Bloom Time: June-July Height: 25-30’ Spread: 15-20’ Remarks: Lovely flowers and pod-like fruit. Tough and very drought tolerant. HAWTHORN Crataegus species Bloom Color: White Bloom Time: May-June Height: 25-35' Spread: 15-20’ Remarks: Tough, small tree with nice fall fruit. HONEYLOCUST Gleditsia triancanthos Height: 40-50’ Spread: 35-40’ Remarks: Graceful habit with yellow fall color. A very tough tree. Look for thornless and seedless varieties. 2
  • 5. Trees KENTUCKY COFFEETREE Gymnocladus dioicus Height: 50-60’ Spread: 35-45’ Remarks: Adaptable to harsh conditions once established. Seedpods are poisonous. LINDEN Tilia species Bloom Color: White Bloom Time: May Height: 40-60’ Spread: 30-50’ Remarks: Some are native to plains. Nice heart shaped leaves and fragrant blooms. MAPLE Acer species Height: 25-60' Spread: 25-50’ Remarks: Many types are drought tolerant. Great fall color. Armur maple is smaller and available as multi-trunked. OAK Oak species Height: 50-60’ Spread: 40-50’ Remarks: Beautiful, durable trees. Many are drought tolerant and native. Interesting acorns, bark and leaf texture. Dwarf Chinkapin is available. 3
  • 6. Trees PINE Pinus species Height: 50-60’ Spread: 40-50’ Remarks: Many to choose from. Ponderosa, Bristlecone, Limber and Red Pine for drier soil. REDBUD Cercis canadensis Bloom Color: Reddish-purple, white Bloom Time: April-May Height: 20-30’ Spread: 20-25’ Remarks: Loaded with Spring blooms. Prefers growing in some shade. SERVICEBERRY Amelanchier species Bloom Color: White Bloom Time: April-May Height: 15-25' Spread: 8-12’ Remarks: Beautiful native tree/shrub. White flowers in spring followed by summer fruit that birds love. SPRUCE; BLUE, BLACK HILLS Picea species Height: 35-50’ Spread: 25-40’ Remarks: Blue-green color on this evergreen. Very drought tolerant. 4
  • 7. Shrubs BUFFALO CURRANT Ribes odoratum Bloom Color: Yellow Bloom Time: June-July Height: 3-6' Spread: 2-4' Remarks: Native clove-scented shrub with black berries. BUSH CINQUEFOIL Potentilla species Bloom Color: Yellow, orange, white, salmon Bloom Time: July-August Height: 2-4' Spread: 3-6' Remarks: Heat loving shrub with bright colors and compact habit. BUTTERFLY BUSH Buddleia species Bloom Color: Pink, white, purple Bloom Time: July-September Height: 3-10' Spread: 3-6' Remarks: Colorful bloom spikes set on silvery foliage. CHOKEBERRY Aronia species Bloom Color: White Bloom Time: May-June Height: 5-8' Spread: 4-5' Remarks: Native, adaptable shrub with seasonal interest: Blooms, fruit and vibrant fall color. 5
  • 8. Shrubs CORAL BERRY Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Bloom Color: White, pink Bloom Time: May Height: 3-6' Spread: 4-6' Remarks: Native. Arching branches are heavy with berries all winter. COTONEASTER Cotoneaster species Bloom Color: White, pink Bloom Time: May-June Height: 2-5' Spread: 4-6' Remarks: Nice fruit display, fall color. DOGWOOD Cornus species Bloom Color: White, yellow Bloom Time: May-June Height: 3-10' Spread: 3-8' Remarks: Red and yellow twig color adds to winter landscape. Variegated leaves on some types. Seasonal interest. FERNLEAF BUCKTHORN Rhamnus asplenifolia Height: 10-15' Spread: 6-9' Remarks: Willow-leafed shrub has an exotic look. Very tough shrub. 6
  • 9. Shrubs FLOWERING QUINCE Chaenomeles species Bloom Color: White, pink, red Bloom Time: March-April Height: 6-10' Spread: 4-6' Remarks: Stems are loaded with delicate blooms in Spring. FORSYTHIA Forsythia species Bloom Color: Yellow Bloom Time: March-April Height: 8-10' Spread: 4-6' Remarks: Brilliant yellow flowers in early spring. JUNIPER Juniperus species Height: 1-6' Spread: 5-8' Remarks: Durable evergreen used for screens, hedges and windbreaks. LILAC Syringa species Bloom Color: White, lilac, rose-purple Bloom Time: May Height: 6-12' Spread: 6-8' Remarks: Very fragrant blooms on shiny green foliage. 7
  • 10. Shrubs MOCK ORANGE Philadelphus species Bloom Color: White Bloom Time: April-May Height: 6-8' Spread: 4-8' Remarks: Very fragrant white blooms cover entire shrub. NINEBARK Physocarpus opulifolious Bloom Color: White Bloom Time: May-June Height: 5-8' Spread: 3-5' Remarks: Blooms and exfoliating bark on this upright shrub. Showy purple-leafed forms available. PINE Pinus species Height: 3-8' Spread: 3-8' Remarks: Evergreen that is suitable for small spaces, rock gardens. Mugo is a nice choice. ROSE, SHRUB Rosa rugosa Bloom Color: White, red, pink, yellow Bloom Time: June-September Height: 3-8' Spread: 4-6' Remarks: Easy care, lots of color. Some are fragrant. Landscape roses are also drought tolerant. 8
  • 11. Shrubs SERVICEBERRY Amelanchier species Bloom Color: White Bloom Time: April-May Height: 6-12' Spread: 5-10' Remarks: White spring blooms followed by edible fruit. Red and orange fall color. SPIREA Spiraea species Bloom Color: Pink, white Bloom Time: May-October Height: 3-7' Spread: 3-6' Remarks: Long blooming if sheared. Excellent fall color. ST. JOHN'S WORT Hypericum species Bloom Color: Yellow Bloom Time: June-July Height: 3-6' Spread: 3-6' Remarks: Sunny yellow flowers on compact shrub. SUMAC Rhus species Bloom Color: Red, maroon Bloom Time: August Height: 2-15' Spread: 5-12' Remarks: Native, withstands heat/drought. Brilliant fall color, fruit set. 9
  • 12. Shrubs VIBURNUM Viburnum species Bloom Color: White, blush pink Bloom Time: May-June Height: 4-18' Spread: 3-10' Remarks: Large genus that offers choices for any space. Attributes include: blooms, fruit clusters, fall color. Perennials ANEMONE Anemone sylvestris Bloom Color: White Bloom Time: May Height: 18" Spread: 24-36" Remarks: Native, vigorous spreader. ARTEMISIA Artemisia species Bloom Color: White, very small Bloom Time: July-August Height: 12-36" Spread: 18-36" Remarks: Beautiful silver foliage. Many types available. ASTER Aster species Bloom Color: White, purple, pink Bloom Time: July-September Height: 12-24" Spread: 18-36" Remarks: Prairie asters are very drought tolerant. Pinch back stems in early summer for compact habit. 10
  • 13. Perennials BABY'S BREATH Gypsophila paniculata Bloom Color: White Bloom Time: July-August Height: 36" Spread: 36" Remarks: Dwarf cultivar available, great for cut flowers BASKET-OF-GOLD Aurinia saxitillis Bloom Color: Gold-yellow Bloom Time: May Height: 18" Spread: 18" Remarks: Shear after blooming. BEEBALM Monarda didyma Bloom Color: Red, pink, purple Bloom Time: July-September Height: 18-36" Spread: 24-36" Remarks: Dwarf varieties available. Can be very vigorous in growth. BERGENIA Bergenia cordifolia Bloom Color: Rose pink Bloom Time: April-May Height: 15" Spread: 18" Remarks: Glossy, semi evergreen leaves with blooms in spring. 11
  • 14. Perennials BLACK-EYED SUSAN Rudbeckia species Bloom Color: Yellow, gold Bloom Time: July-August Height: 18-24" Spread: 18-24" Remarks: Native, daisy-like flowers are great for cutting. BLANKET FLOWER Gaillardia species Bloom Color: Crimson red with yellow accents Bloom Time: June-August Height: 16-24" Spread: 16-24" Remarks: Very drought tolerant. Provide good drainage. BLUE FALSE INDIGO Baptisia australis Bloom Color: Indigo blue Bloom Time: May-June Height: 36" Spread: 36" Remarks: Native prairie plant. Dwarf variety available. BOLTONIA, FALSE CHAMOMILE Boltonia asteroides Bloom Color: White, pale pink Bloom Time: August-October Height: 36" Spread: 36-42" Remarks: Great fall color. Shear back in early summer to prevent from falling over. 12
  • 15. Perennials BUTTERFLY MILKWEED Asclepias tuberosa Bloom Color: Orange Bloom Time: July Height: 18-24" Spread: 18" Remarks: Native prairie plant with clusters of orange flowers. CANDYTUFT Iberis sempervirens Bloom Color: White Bloom Time: May Height: 15" Spread: 18" Remarks: Shear after blooming. CARNATION, PINKS Dianthus species Bloom Color: Pink shades, purple, rose Bloom Time: June-August Height: 6-18" Spread: 12-24" Remarks: Nice blue-green foliage and flowers for cutting. CATMINT Nepeta species Bloom Color: Lavender blue Bloom Time: May-August Height: 12"-18" Spread: 18-24" Remarks: Easy to grow and drought tolerant. Blooms persist all season if faded flowers are cut back. 13
  • 16. Perennials COLUMBINE Aquilegia species Bloom Color: Blue, purple, red, pink, yellow Bloom Time: May-July Height: 12-24" Spread: 12-24" Remarks: Versatile plant for sun or shade. CONEFLOWER Echinacea species Bloom Color: White, pink, purple Bloom Time: July-August Height: 18-24" Spread: 18-24" Remarks: Drought tolerant native plant. CONEFLOWER, MEXICAN HAT Ratibida Bloom Color: Yellow Bloom Time: July-August Height: 24-36" Spread: 24-36" Remarks: Native plant with showy blooms. CORAL BELLS Heuchera species Bloom Color: Red, pink Bloom Time: July-August Height: 8-12" Spread: 12-18" Remarks: Leaf colors range from purple to marbled greens. Nice stems of tubular flowers. 14
  • 17. Perennials CRANESBILL Geranium species Bloom Color: Blue, rose, pink, white, pale pink, magenta Bloom Time: May-September Height: 12-24" Spread: 12-36" Remarks: Hardy, dependable plant for any area. Showy blooms. Many sizes and colors. DAYLILY Hemerocallis species Bloom Color: Yellow, pink, red and more Bloom Time: June-September Height: 18"-36" Spread: 24"-36" Remarks: Many cultivars are repeat bloomers. FLAX, GOLDEN Linum flavum Bloom Color: Yellow Bloom Time: June- July Height: 12"-24" Spread: 12"-24" Remarks: Dislikes heavy clay soil. Amend soil with gravel. GAYFEATHER Liatris species Bloom Color: Purple, white Bloom Time: July-September Height: 18"-24" Spread: 18"-24" Remarks: Attractive spiked blooms. 15
  • 18. Perennials GOLDENROD Solidago species Bloom Color: Golden yellow Bloom Time: August-September Height: 18-36" Spread: 18-36" Remarks: Easy to grow, compact hybrids available. HOSTA Hosta species Bloom Color: White, lavender Bloom Time: July-August Height: 12-40" Spread: 12-40" Remarks: Many varieties. Drought tolerant once established. IRIS Iris species Bloom Color: Purple, blue, white, pink, yellow Bloom Time: May-June Height: 12-36" Spread: 18-24" Remarks: Drought tolerant and tough. Do not bury rhizomatous root too deep for risk of rotting. LAMB'S EAR Stachys byzantina Bloom Color: Pale pink (small) Bloom Time: July Height: 12-18" Spread: 18-36" Remarks: Great fuzzy silver foliage. Is a vigorous grower that thrives in poor, dry soils. 16
  • 19. Perennials LEADPLANT Amorpha canescens Bloom Color: Lavender blue Bloom Time: June-July Height: 24-36" Spread: 18-24" Remarks: Tough native shrub-like plant. LENTEN ROSE Helleborus orientalis Bloom Color: White, rose, purple Bloom Time: April-May Height: 18" Spread: 18" Remarks: Leathery leaves and nice early spring blooms. MEADOW SAGE, SALVIA Salvia x sylvestris Bloom Color: Dark purple, violet Bloom Time: May-October Height: 18-24" Spread: 18-24" Remarks: Showy spikes of flowers. Shear back all spent flowers to get continual blooms. OZARK SUNDROPS, EVENING PRIMROSE Oenothera macrocarpa Bloom Color: Yellow Bloom Time: May-July Height: 6-12" Spread: 24" Remarks: Large, cup shaped flowers on this native plant. Exceptional drought tolerance. 17
  • 20. Perennials PENSTEMON, BEARDTONGUE Penstemon species Bloom Color: Red, purple, rose, white, pink Bloom Time: June-July Height: 12-36" Spread: 18-24" Remarks: Showy tubular flowers on long stems. Needs well drained soils. PEONY Paeonia lactiflora Bloom Color: Many Bloom Time: May-June Height: 36" Spread: 36-48" Remarks: Fragrant, showy spring blooms. Drought tolerant once established. PINCUSHION FLOWER Scabiosa columbaria Bloom Color: Lavender blue Bloom Time: May-September Height: 12-18" Spread: 12-18" Remarks: Showy flowers set on long, tubular stems. Semi- evergreen foliage. PITCHER SAGE Salvia azurea Bloom Color: Blue-violet Bloom Time: late July-early September Height: 36-48" Spread: 36" Remarks: Native prairie plant. Exceptional drought tolerance. 18
  • 21. Perennials POPPY MALLOW, WINECUPS Callirhoe involucrata, Callirhoe alcaeoides Bloom Color: Bright rose-purple, white Bloom Time: June-August Height: 12" Spread: 18" Remarks: Native groundcover. Excellent drought tolerance. PURPLE PRAIRIE CLOVER Dalea purpurea Bloom Color: Purple Bloom Time: June-July Height: 12-18" Spread: 12-18" Remarks: Native prairie plant with round purple flower heads. Needs excellent drainage. PUSSYTOES Antennaria species Bloom Color: White Bloom Time: June Height: 6" Spread: 12" Remarks: Flower resembles cat's paw. RATTLESNAKE MASTER Eryngium yuccafolium Bloom Color: White Bloom Time: July-August Height: 24" Spread: 18" Remarks: Yucca-like foliage topped with rounded blooms. 19
  • 22. Perennials ROCK CRESS Arabis caucasia Bloom Color: White Bloom Time: May-June Height: 6" Spread: 12-18" Remarks: Variegated foliage available RUSSIAN SAGE Perovskia atriplicifolia Bloom Color: Lavender Bloom Time: July-September Height: 36-48" Spread: 36" Remarks: Delicate silver-gray foliage with spikes of blooms. Exceptional drought tolerance. SEA LAVENDER Limonium latifolium Bloom Color: Lavender Bloom Time: June Height: 18" Spread: 18" Remarks: Easy to grow. Provide good drainage. Nice cut flowers. SEDUM Sedum species Bloom Color: Pink, salmon, yellow, white Bloom Time: July-October Height: 3-18" Spread: 12-36" Remarks: Many types available from ground covers to tall varieties. 20
  • 23. Perennials SKULLCAP Scutellaria species Bloom Color: Purple Bloom Time: June-August Height: 10-12" Spread: 12-18" Remarks: Native variety 'Smoky Hills' is very drought tolerant. Shear back after blooms fade for second flush. SNEEZEWEED, HELEN'S FLOWER Helenium autumnale Bloom Color: Yellow, orange, red Bloom Time: August-September Height: 24-36" Spread: 24" Remarks: Native plant. Good with ornamental grasses. SNOW IN SUMMER Cerastium tomentosum Bloom Color: White Bloom Time: May-June Height: 8" Spread: 12" Remarks: Silvery leaves forms carpet. STOKE'S ASTER Stokesia laevis Bloom Color: Blue, purple, white Bloom Time: July-August Height: 12-18" Spread: 18" Remarks: Showy blooms. Needs soil that drains well. 21
  • 24. Perennials THYME Thymus species Bloom Color: White, lavender Bloom Time: June-July Height: 3-6" Spread: 12-24" Remarks: Use as ground cover or between paving stones. TICKSEED Coreopsis species Bloom Color: Lemon-yellow, gold Bloom Time: May-September Height: 12-36" Spread: 12-36" Remarks: Cut off spent blooms for continuous color. VERONICA Veronica species Bloom Color: Purple, blue, white, rose Bloom Time: May-August Height: 2-24" Spread: 12-24" Remarks: Many types available from ground covers to upright varieties. Moderately drought tolerant. VINCA Vinca minor Bloom Color: Lavender Bloom Time: May-June Height: 3-6" Spread: 36" + Remarks: Easy to grow groundcover. 22
  • 25. Perennials YARROW Achillea species Bloom Color: Yellow, gold, red, rose, orange, pink, white Bloom Time: June-September Height: 12-24" Spread: 18-24" Remarks: Exceptional drought tolerance. Some species are native. Cut back faded flowers to promote more blooms. Vigorous grower. YUCCA, SOAPWEED Yucca glauca, Yucca filamentosa Bloom Color: Creamy white Bloom Time: June-August Height: 36" Spread: 36" Remarks: Spiny foliage not a good choice for high traffic areas. Yucca glauca is native to central U.S. Extremely drought tolerant. Ornamental Grasses BIG BLUESTEM Andropogon gerardii Bloom Color: Tan seedhead Bloom Time: July-August Height: 48" Spread: 24" Remarks: Native prairie grass. Nice copper fall color. 23
  • 26. Ornamental Grasses BLUE FESCUE Festuca glauca Bloom Color: Tan seedhead Bloom Time: July-August Height: 12" Spread: 12" Remarks: Blue-gray tuft grass is showy when mass planted or at the border of flower beds. CAREX OR SEDGE GRASS Carex elata, Carex stricta Bloom Color: Tan seedhead Bloom Time: July-August Height: 12" Spread: 12-36" Remarks: Low growing, spreading groundcover grass with good drought tolerance. Nice variegated varieties available. FEATHER REED GRASS Calamagrostis x acutifolia Bloom Color: Tan seedhead Bloom Time: July-August Height: 36-40" Spread: 24-36" Remarks: Soft, green blades with showy seedhead. Upright habit. LITTLE BLUESTEM Schizachyrium scoparium Bloom Color: Tan seedhead Bloom Time: July-August Height: 24-36" Spread: 18" Remarks: Nebraska's state grass. Nice blue-green blades and copper fall color. 24
  • 27. Ornamental Grasses MISCANTHUS, SILVER GRASS Miscanthus sinensis Bloom Color: Tan seedhead Bloom Time: July-August Height: 3-6' Spread: 18-24" Remarks: Some cultivars have showy variegated blades. Nice arching, graceful appearance. NORTHERN SEA OATS Chasmanthium latifolium Bloom Color: Tan seedhead Bloom Time: July-August Height: 30-36" Spread: 24-36" Remarks: Unique flat seed head. Reseeds, so plant in confined space or remove seedlings. PRAIRIE DROPSEED Sporobolus heterolepis Bloom Color: Tan seedhead Bloom Time: July-August Height: 24" Spread: 18" Remarks: Native prairie grass. Tolerates poor, dry soil. Graceful, narrow blades. RAVENNA GRASS Saccharum ravennae, Erianthus ravennae Bloom Color: Tan seedhead Bloom Time: August Height: 8-10' Spread: 3-6' Remarks: Very large grass with showy plumes. Cut to ground in early spring. 25
  • 28. Ornamental Grasses SIDEOATS GRAMA Bouteloua curtipendula Bloom Color: Tan seedhead Bloom Time: July-August Height: 36" Spread: 24" Remarks: Oat-like seed heads grow to one side of the stem. Good fall color. SWITCHGRASS Panicum virgatum Bloom Color: Tan seedhead Bloom Time: July-August Height: 4-7' Spread: 3' Remarks: Native tall grass. 'Prairie Sky' & 'Heavy Metal' have blue tones. 'Shenandoah' has red tipped blades. 26
  • 29. Special Thanks to: University of Nebraska-Lincoln Horticulture Department Nebraska Statewide Arboretum arboretum.unl.edu Campbell’s Nurseries and Garden Centers Finke Gardens and Nursery Artwork by Renee’ Lanik, UNL Institute of Agriculture TM We encourage you to visit the waterwise gardens at Lincoln Water System 2021 N. 27th Street, Lincoln Visit the Mayor’s Water Conservation Task Force website at lincoln.ne.gov keyword: water Designed by CITIZEN INFORMATION CENTER 05/2005