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Permaculture Design Project
                for

The   Pfalzer Earthship Residence




                      Myaaka, Florida
                      March 2009
Permaculture or permanent agriculture as defined by Bill Mollison is:
“The conscious design and maintenance of agriculturally productive ecosystems which have the
diversity, stability, and resilience of natural ecosystems. It is the harmonious integration of landscape
and people providing their food, energy, shelter, and other material and non-material needs in a
sustainable way.”

This permaculture design was created for the grounds of the Pfalzer home in Myakka City, the first full
Earthship to be built in Florida. The project was conducted by the Permaculture Design Course
students (PDC) as part of the permaculture certification classes held at the site in March 2009. Wayne
Weiseman, an international permaculture expert, taught the certification course and informed the
design.

General Description of Plan -
The PDC studied the Earthship plans and site and surveyed such factors as the topography including
slope, solar, water, wind, soil, plant and wild life, roads and pathways. The owners’ requests, their
lifestyle, and the time and labor they could dedicate to the care of plants and animals were considered
in the design process as well.

The plan the PDC designed provides edible, functional, and aesthetic elements which can be
implemented fully or in stages as the owners’ ability to focus on this project grows. Many of the
plantings, once established, will prosper with minimal care for many years while others will require
periodic care. The gardens for daily or frequent use will require more attention but are sized to fit the
needs of two people. Many native plants were identified on the property that are edible and/or
otherwise useful that won’t require any care.

Zone planning was used to guide the choice of plants for areas around the house and through much of
the grounds. Proximity to the house (zone 0) was determined by how often the plants (and animals)
are used or need to be serviced. The design plan covers Zones 1 through IV with intensity of use
decreasing as zone numbers increase.

In Zone I, plants and flowers were chosen for the earthship’s berms that can control erosion and are
edible and ornamental. Herbs and edible plants and flowers and a chicken coup and worm bin were
chosen for the areas near the kitchen that would likely be visited daily. Off to the side of the main
entrance to the house, an entertainment and outdoor kitchen area was envisioned with an arbor and
various plantings to beautify, shade, be edible and repel mosquitos. Trellises of flowers are
recommended to cover the walls of the container-constructed garage to enhance its appearance.
Around the North and East sides of the house, trees provide fruit and plants are edible, medicinal,
attractive to pollinators, bird habitats and/or simply beautiful.

In Zone II, in the open area furthest west from the house, various fruit trees were placed along the
planned pathway. Here, a compost staging area can be placed at the southwest side of the existing
berm. In the opposite direction, beyond the gardens to the east of the house, the PDC imagined a
private garden and nearby, a pavilion on the pond, both with a good variety of trees, self seeding
flowers, grasses and water plants and flowers to provide fruit, beauty, butterflies, birds and bees, as
well as construction wood.

In Zone III, east of the pond, the PDC sited a super guild orchard or food forest. It includes low
maintenance fruit and nut trees together with an interrelating community of plants including soil fixers.
Alongside these, Olive trees can thrive along the road with northern exposure.
In Zone IV, the cleared area (southwest) across the road from the kitchen garden and up to the
wetlands, was dedicated to easy care trees and alternating winter and summer plants. These plantings
provide edibles, construction wood, soil enrichment, and pollinators. Since this area is a wildlife
corridor, the PDC also recommends planting animal forage to keep the wildlife away from other
plantings and house gardens. This area can also host large scale composting near the edge of the road.

What follows is a descriptive narrative, an illustrated plan, and listings of plants and their purpose
which together will present the design in greater detail.

                                             Design Narrative

        As you stroll out the main entrance of the home, towards the left, you are greeted by a kitchen
garden overflowing with herbs - mint and fennel, parsley, sage, rosemary and thyme interspersed with
vegetables, namely lettuce, kale, carrots and onions, blue bush beans and summer spinach as well as
marigolds and dandelions, nasturtiums and other flowers stacked between. The diversity of plants
lends not only to beauty and edibility, but helps distract, confuse and deter the insects you don't want,
all while attracting pollinators such as butterflies and bees.
        Go ahead and pluck a nasturtium flower and taste it. Kind of peppery, isn't it? Not only is this
plant edible, but it also repels or traps several types of insects that munch on the tastier crops
surrounding them such as caterpillars and black fly aphids. This beautiful flower embodies the
philosophy of permaculture that impregnates the rest of the kitchen garden, which becomes a
microcosm itself for the entire design. We will see more manifestations of this as we wander the
property.
        Is that a chicken coop? The chickens not only eat food scraps and insects, but they each provide
about an egg a day. Cute clucking sound, eh? Let's head southwest, down the shell road.
        The Calusa, the original inhabitants of Southwest Florida, were known as shell collectors. They
used shell for tools and jewelry, as well as decoration. Shell mounds are still existent throughout
Southwestern Florida and it's fitting that the drive way is made of shell.
        Walking into the southwest corner of the property, we find ourselves in the Three Sisters
Orchard. This is a circular orchard bordered by blackberry, bamboo and blueberry to keep deer and
other critters from foraging on the crops. The bamboo is also harvestable for a multiplicity of uses such
as food and building materials. As the circle radiates towards the center, we find jujube fruit and
bananas with comfrey as a ground cover that can also be used as a medicine or as a fertilizer.
        The name of the Three Sisters Orchard originates from its fall and winter crop, a trio of corn,
beans and squash or pumpkin. These three plants create a guild, a group of organisms that live
particularly well together and benefit each other. In this example, the corn becomes a structure for the
beans to climb, the beans fix nitrogen in the soil, and the squash or pumpkin provides a living mulch
that helps retain moisture and deters insects with prickly hairs on its stems. As you can see, nature
takes care of itself when carefully planned with functions in mind. The three sisters fill in the center of
the orchard during the winter and fall, while watermelon cover the ground during the summer. This
rotation of one crop for another throughout the seasons is called successive planting. This is utilized
with all of the other annuals around the gardens.
        As we exit the Three Sisters Orchard, if we pause for a few minutes, the rustle of leaves under
an oak tree will reveal a lizard or two slithering like a snake among the fallen leaves and fronds. These
odd reptiles, called skink, are nibbling up pesky pill bugs and caterpillars, and snails as well as slugs: a
free form of pest control supplied by the land.
        Continuing along the road, to the north, we find a short path of fruit trees: papaya, banana,
avocado, mango. As we follow the shells around the bend, we might see a black snake amongst the
palmettos and pine. But don't worry, it's only a Black Racer, a friendly non-venemous snake that eats
rodents such as mice. And if you look on either side of the path, before we enter the parking area on
the north side of the house, you will find a line of long leaf pine trees. These trees are native to Florida
and have a number of uses, including the steeping of its green needles for a tea, which has more
vitamin C than a lemon.
        Now we find ourselves on the north side of the house where we can take a short break on the
patio. Go ahead and sit down for a moment. I'm sure you've noticed the shading arbor above our head,
covered with grapevine. Feel free to pluck a sweet snack.
        As we sit here, look towards the East: a sprinkling of dwarf fruit trees circled with vegetables
and flowers. Not only do the little trees produce tasty fruit, they provide some shade to the vegetables
during the hotter part of the day. If you feel like it, we can go sit in the middle of the fruit trees on that
bench. Yeah? Let's take a closer look then.
        If you recall, bamboo has many uses, and here is one: a tee-pee type trellis for peas to climb.
Peas are in the legume family, which also includes the bean plant. This means that peas also fix
nitrogen in the soil, just like the second sister we found in the orchard.
        How much is the watering bill? Well, it's zero. We collect the rainwater from the domes of the
house and use this to shower and wash dishes. Once the dirty water, or grey water goes down the sink,
it’s captured and used to flush the toilets, then drains into a filtering wetland on the south side of the
house. This allows aquatic plants to filter the nutrients out of the black water. Once it's filtered, we can
safely use it to feed our plants.
        Come along now, we aren't going back inside just yet. I know you are eager to cook up some of
this food, but I've got just a little more to show you.
        Let's walk east towards the pond, I've got a surprise for you: a secret garden, shaded by live
oaks and mulberries. No, we aren't going to rest here, but you're right, the picnic table would be a
great place for lunch with all these wildflowers popping up everywhere. Ok. Let's saunter around the
lake and check out the view.
        As we pass this weeping willow and bamboo on the edge of the pond, you will see our next
stop, the palm pavilion, which is constructed in a manner similar to the chickee, the main structure
built by the Calusa tribe. The frame is constructed from trees found on site, and the roof is made from
palmettos, which are also found all over the property. To make the roof, the palmetto leaves are
thatched to thin sticks that span the frame. The thatching of palm leaves can be used not only for roofs
but for walls as well.
        Across the lake, you will spot a row of wax myrtles which grow naturally at the edge of ponds
and lakes. In the pond itself is water celery, duck potato, taro and lotus--all edible--as well as pickerel
weed, water lilies and soft rush.
        I know the view is beautiful, but if you turn around you will see something even more amazing:
a food forest. This forest keeps itself alive through a great diversity of plants, both fruits and legumes,
and everything from plants that end up becoming mulch to smaller shrub type plants that like shade.
We've got olives, comfrey, atemoya, barbados cherries, blueberries, star-fruit, kumquat, lychee, peach,
persimmon, pomegranate. A lot to take in, I know. Beautiful, without question. Functional, without
doubt. It makes you think a bit. It also makes you hungry. Let's head back to the house and fix
something to eat. If we take the southern side of the pond back, we can grab a couple Jaboticaba fruit
as we head back, and don't forget to pick a few herbs on the way into the kitchen.
Zone Plantings and Structures for the Earthship Grounds

Zone 1
1 Berms on the Earthship
   Beach Sunflower, railroad vine, Moon      Erosion control, ground cover, and beauty.
   Flower (Around the base or grow
   vertically).
   Perennial Peanut                          Cover
   Native Grasses along perimeter            Erosion control and mulch.
2 Kitchen Gardens (west by kitchen           Daily harvested plants can be planted near the kitchen side of the
                                             entrance, less visited plants in north side garden.
   & north garage side)
   Winter: cherry tomatoes, dill, oregano    Annual and perennial vegetables outside kitchen door,
   carrots, lettuce, arugula, red mustard,   convenient source of staple crops for homeowners, gets
   dandelion, kale, bush beans, radishes,    year-round sun. Peppers are perennials in Florida’s
   broccoli, cabbages, calendula, violets,   sunny climate. Violets, calendula and borage are edible
   borage, cauliflower, eggplant.            flowers that are both beautiful and nutritious. Sweet
                                             potato flourishes in summer as a cover crop, protecting
   Summer: okra, black-eyed peas and         the soil and providing a bounty of edible leaves as well
   sweet potato as a ground cover.           as tubers. Dill and oregano are companion plants for
                                             tomatoes, providing ladybugs to consume aphids and
   All year: peppers                         pollinators, respectively. Black-eyed peas and bush
                                             beans both restore nitrogen to the soil, ensuring healthy
   Grasses: Florida Gamma,                   soil year-round.
   Fakahatchee, Sand Cord Grass,             Grasses provide erosion control, beauty, and plentiful
   Muhly Grass                               compost material

   Ground Covers: Beach Sunflower,           Flowering ground covers provide beauty, sunshine
   Sunshine Mimosa, Railroad Vine,           mimosa fixes nitrogen, and Purslane and New Zealand
   Purslane                                  Spinach are edible.
   New Zealand Spinach

   Chickasaw Plum(put near herb spiral)

3 Herb spiral
  Parsley, rosemary, thyme, dill,            Provides a decorative central source of culinary and
  cilantro, chives, lavender, lemon          medicinal herbs, edible flowers for color, pollinators
  balm, fennel, Mexican tarragon,            and taste, and strawberries for snacking. The shape of
  chamomile, sage, salad burnet,             the herb spiral also conserves space and provides many
  violets, nasturtiums, African and          microclimates for each plant to truly flourish. Mexican
  Italian basils, oregano, dianthus,         tarragon is adapted to the hot, sunny climate. Italian
  scented geraniums, strawberries,           basil is common for cooking, while African basil can
  lemon verbena                              be used as a seasoning, but also attracts pollinators (and
                                             humans) with pretty purple flowers.
4 Worm Bin                                   Best placed nearest the kitchen for ease of use.

5 Eastern face of existing Woody
  Berm on the West side of the house
  Multiple Carolina Yellow Jessamine         Ornamental (alkaloid, do not eat), gound cover and
vibrantly flowering
    Multiple Blue Sage Bushes                           Excellent formal or informal flowering border plant

6    Entertainment Garden (near main
     entrance, garage side)
     Horsemint, citronella, catnip,                     Citronella is aromatic and mosquito-repellant, and is
     lemongrass, muscadine grapes,                      native to this climate. Catnip has edible leaves and is
     climbing roses                                     deer-resistant as well as mosquito-repellent. Horsemint,
                                                        which favors sandy soils, is a strikingly beautiful and
                                                        aromatic large purple flower, with leaves that have
                                                        medicinal applications to treat colds, flu and fungus.
                                                        Lemongrass aids digestion, provides seasoning in
                                                        cooking, and a pleasant aroma. As a high grass, it also
                                                        helps to seclude the area, and make it more attractive.
                                                        Rose petals are edible and the leaves are medicinal.
7    Arbor (native wood)                                The arbor of the outdoor kitchen and seating area is
                                                        covered with Muscadine grapes, which are edible, tasty
                                                        and native, with edible leaves. They are also
                                                        deciduous, so they allow sunlight in winter, but provide
                                                        a shady refuge in summer. In summer, this space
                                                        doubles as a shade house for germinating seeds. Grape
                                                        leaves are edible and when they fall they can be
                                                        composted.
8    Chicken Feed Garden
     Lamb’s Quarters, Amaranth,                         Food for humans and chickens that can be simply cut
     plantain                                           and deposited in chicken coop.
9    Chicken Coup
     3 chickens produce about 2 eggs per                Coup Size: three birds need 12 square feet
     day.                                               (4 square feet of floor space for each bird)
     If more eggs/chickens are desired or planned in
                                                        Inside the coop, chickens will need 9” of perch space
     the future, add # of chickens and square footage   each and a couple of nest boxes. The chickens will also
     accordingly to build proper sized coup.            need a run...or a fenced space to be out in during the
                                                        day.
10 Garage
   Confederate jasmine                                  Beautify and disquise the container garage and attract
   or allemande                                         pollinators.

11 East Side Garden
   Curved raised garden planted with                    Bed can be made of natural onsite materials (cobb).
   dill, oregano, carrots, lettuce,                     Provides built in seating, easy no bending access to
   arugula, red mustard, dandelion,                     plants and is aesthetically pleasing.
   kale, violets, and calendula

     Garden Tipi planted with pole beans                Tipi are made of onsite materials
     & peas

     Witch Hazel Tree                                   Witch Hazel is medicinal and is beautiful
Loquat Tree                        Loquat provides and abundance of edible fruits

12 North Side Garden Area
   Gardenias                           Food, medicine, pleasing scents, habitat for birds,
   Dwarf Citrus Trees                  attract pollinators. (Lemon leaves make good and
   1 lemon tree                        healing tea)
   1 orange tree
   1 lime tree
   1 grapefruit

    Citrus Tree Guild:
    Pumpkins                           Pumpkins can be planted in April, beans can be planted
    Broad beans                        in September and maintain a constant green bed.
    (Alternative guild: nasturtiums,   (Alternative guild for greater pest control)
    chives, and garlic)

 Zone 2
13 Secret Garden (East Past House
    Gardens)
    Jaboticaba                         Food and beauty
    4 Citrus Trees                     Food and beauty
    Free seeding wild flowers          Beauty, butterflies and pollinators
    2 Mulberry trees                   Food, birds also eat
    6 Comfry                           Accumulator of minerals, food for chickens, good
                                       mulch material, medicinal
14 Pond
   6 Walter’s Viburnum                 Large, nice backdrop to the shelter, beautiful flowers in
                                       the Spring, good fruit and nesting for the birds.
    12 Muhly grasses                   Showy in fall upright bunch grasses that bloom in Fall
                                       (Used by basketmakers).
    6 Bamboo 3 on each side of         Highly ornamental, timber, visual barrier.
    Viburnums
    1 Pecan North east                 Nuts and shade in summer.
    1 Weeping Willow South east        Ornamental and basket making.
    Pond Water Lillies                 Beauty.
    Water Celery                       Edible leaves.
    Taro                               Tuber is edible.
    Lotus                              Tubers are edible.
    Duck potato                        White flowers and edible tubers.
    Pickeral Weed                      Edible leaves and blue flowers for butterflies and
                                       pollinators.
    Soft Rush                          Bold form for design, good texture.

15 Pond Pavilion                       Made of native wood and palmetto roof

16 West End
   2 varieties of Mango                Food
   2 Avocados
1 Bananas
    2 Papayas


Zone 3
17 Super Guild Orchard                     Several different "tree centered" guilds boost food choice and
    (Swales need to be filled first)       biodiversity. With added herbs and low lying plant species, it becomes
                                           beautiful and low maintenance.
    Assorted Fruit & Nut Trees w/guild     Edibles, enrich the soil, provide mulch, provide shade
    TBD, i.e.:                             or a mix of these. Low maintenance.
    Atemoya
    Barbados Cherries
    Bluberries
    Starfruit
    Kumquat
    Lychee
    Peach
    Persimmon
    Pomegranate
    Comfrey at bottom                      Protects bottom, accumulator of minerals.
    Add a couple more herbs and low
    lying plant species

    Grove of Olive Trees along dirt        Edible, olive oil, typically not grown in the area but
    road,                                  could thrive here.
       need northern exposure!

Zone 4
18 The Three Sisters Orchard
    Blackberry hedge                       Provides barrier, Feeds the wildlife from outside, can
                                           be transplanted from site, attracts bees.
    Clumping Bamboo                        Building material, filters water, tubers are edible.
    Three sisters guild: corn, beans,      Edible, self seeding and low maintenance.
    squash, or pumpkins.
    Jujubes                                3 or 4, provide shade, edible, leaf mulch.
    Bananas                                Edible.
    Comfrey around jujubes                 Edible, medicinal, nitrogen fixing.
    High Bush Blueberries                  Edible, hedge, adds to stacking.

Zones 1 through 4
Ground Cover
Perennial Peanut                           No mow ground cover


Crowley’s Nursery – local nursery resource with good variety of plants.
Native Plants

Dahoon Holly       Leaves can be dried and made into tea


Thistle            Stalk can be cut and eaten


Saw Palmetto       The terminal bud in the center can be cut and eaten; mesh at base can be
                   used to make rope; will light easy to make fire; weave the leaves together
                   to make a mat to cook food over a fire.


Grape vines        Can cut at base and position the end over a container to catch 2 to 4
                   gallons of water.


Polk               Eat fresh shoots; squeeze berries to make dark purple red tatoo ink; kills
                   chiggers;


Queen Ann’s Lace   Wild carrot seed tastes like salt; used to color soap a nice yellow


Golden Rod         Made into tea, has a licorice flavor; flower helpful for allergies.


Elderberry         Fruit made into wine, jams, jellies, cold medicine; can make fritters from
                   flowers; can make tea from flowers.


Wax Myrtle         Berries have wax that can be boiled and skimmed to make candles; can
                   make soap; wet crushed leaves make an excellent mosquito repellent.


Fern               Fiddle head (coiled unopened frond) can be cooked and eaten.


Virginia (vine)    Leaves can be boiled and eaten; can make baskets with leaves.
Creeper


Blackberries       Can make tea; good for diarrhea.


Red Bay            Leaves good for flavoring cooking; substitute for bay leaf.


Pine               Needles can be used to make tea; nuts are edible.
Blueberries   Edible


Dandelion     Leaves and flowers are edible; the roots can be ground and used as
              substitute for coffee.

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Permaculture Design Project for the Pfalzer Earthship

  • 1. Permaculture Design Project for The Pfalzer Earthship Residence Myaaka, Florida March 2009
  • 2. Permaculture or permanent agriculture as defined by Bill Mollison is: “The conscious design and maintenance of agriculturally productive ecosystems which have the diversity, stability, and resilience of natural ecosystems. It is the harmonious integration of landscape and people providing their food, energy, shelter, and other material and non-material needs in a sustainable way.” This permaculture design was created for the grounds of the Pfalzer home in Myakka City, the first full Earthship to be built in Florida. The project was conducted by the Permaculture Design Course students (PDC) as part of the permaculture certification classes held at the site in March 2009. Wayne Weiseman, an international permaculture expert, taught the certification course and informed the design. General Description of Plan - The PDC studied the Earthship plans and site and surveyed such factors as the topography including slope, solar, water, wind, soil, plant and wild life, roads and pathways. The owners’ requests, their lifestyle, and the time and labor they could dedicate to the care of plants and animals were considered in the design process as well. The plan the PDC designed provides edible, functional, and aesthetic elements which can be implemented fully or in stages as the owners’ ability to focus on this project grows. Many of the plantings, once established, will prosper with minimal care for many years while others will require periodic care. The gardens for daily or frequent use will require more attention but are sized to fit the needs of two people. Many native plants were identified on the property that are edible and/or otherwise useful that won’t require any care. Zone planning was used to guide the choice of plants for areas around the house and through much of the grounds. Proximity to the house (zone 0) was determined by how often the plants (and animals) are used or need to be serviced. The design plan covers Zones 1 through IV with intensity of use decreasing as zone numbers increase. In Zone I, plants and flowers were chosen for the earthship’s berms that can control erosion and are edible and ornamental. Herbs and edible plants and flowers and a chicken coup and worm bin were chosen for the areas near the kitchen that would likely be visited daily. Off to the side of the main entrance to the house, an entertainment and outdoor kitchen area was envisioned with an arbor and various plantings to beautify, shade, be edible and repel mosquitos. Trellises of flowers are recommended to cover the walls of the container-constructed garage to enhance its appearance. Around the North and East sides of the house, trees provide fruit and plants are edible, medicinal, attractive to pollinators, bird habitats and/or simply beautiful. In Zone II, in the open area furthest west from the house, various fruit trees were placed along the planned pathway. Here, a compost staging area can be placed at the southwest side of the existing berm. In the opposite direction, beyond the gardens to the east of the house, the PDC imagined a private garden and nearby, a pavilion on the pond, both with a good variety of trees, self seeding flowers, grasses and water plants and flowers to provide fruit, beauty, butterflies, birds and bees, as well as construction wood. In Zone III, east of the pond, the PDC sited a super guild orchard or food forest. It includes low maintenance fruit and nut trees together with an interrelating community of plants including soil fixers. Alongside these, Olive trees can thrive along the road with northern exposure.
  • 3. In Zone IV, the cleared area (southwest) across the road from the kitchen garden and up to the wetlands, was dedicated to easy care trees and alternating winter and summer plants. These plantings provide edibles, construction wood, soil enrichment, and pollinators. Since this area is a wildlife corridor, the PDC also recommends planting animal forage to keep the wildlife away from other plantings and house gardens. This area can also host large scale composting near the edge of the road. What follows is a descriptive narrative, an illustrated plan, and listings of plants and their purpose which together will present the design in greater detail. Design Narrative As you stroll out the main entrance of the home, towards the left, you are greeted by a kitchen garden overflowing with herbs - mint and fennel, parsley, sage, rosemary and thyme interspersed with vegetables, namely lettuce, kale, carrots and onions, blue bush beans and summer spinach as well as marigolds and dandelions, nasturtiums and other flowers stacked between. The diversity of plants lends not only to beauty and edibility, but helps distract, confuse and deter the insects you don't want, all while attracting pollinators such as butterflies and bees. Go ahead and pluck a nasturtium flower and taste it. Kind of peppery, isn't it? Not only is this plant edible, but it also repels or traps several types of insects that munch on the tastier crops surrounding them such as caterpillars and black fly aphids. This beautiful flower embodies the philosophy of permaculture that impregnates the rest of the kitchen garden, which becomes a microcosm itself for the entire design. We will see more manifestations of this as we wander the property. Is that a chicken coop? The chickens not only eat food scraps and insects, but they each provide about an egg a day. Cute clucking sound, eh? Let's head southwest, down the shell road. The Calusa, the original inhabitants of Southwest Florida, were known as shell collectors. They used shell for tools and jewelry, as well as decoration. Shell mounds are still existent throughout Southwestern Florida and it's fitting that the drive way is made of shell. Walking into the southwest corner of the property, we find ourselves in the Three Sisters Orchard. This is a circular orchard bordered by blackberry, bamboo and blueberry to keep deer and other critters from foraging on the crops. The bamboo is also harvestable for a multiplicity of uses such as food and building materials. As the circle radiates towards the center, we find jujube fruit and bananas with comfrey as a ground cover that can also be used as a medicine or as a fertilizer. The name of the Three Sisters Orchard originates from its fall and winter crop, a trio of corn, beans and squash or pumpkin. These three plants create a guild, a group of organisms that live particularly well together and benefit each other. In this example, the corn becomes a structure for the beans to climb, the beans fix nitrogen in the soil, and the squash or pumpkin provides a living mulch that helps retain moisture and deters insects with prickly hairs on its stems. As you can see, nature takes care of itself when carefully planned with functions in mind. The three sisters fill in the center of the orchard during the winter and fall, while watermelon cover the ground during the summer. This rotation of one crop for another throughout the seasons is called successive planting. This is utilized with all of the other annuals around the gardens. As we exit the Three Sisters Orchard, if we pause for a few minutes, the rustle of leaves under an oak tree will reveal a lizard or two slithering like a snake among the fallen leaves and fronds. These odd reptiles, called skink, are nibbling up pesky pill bugs and caterpillars, and snails as well as slugs: a free form of pest control supplied by the land. Continuing along the road, to the north, we find a short path of fruit trees: papaya, banana, avocado, mango. As we follow the shells around the bend, we might see a black snake amongst the
  • 4. palmettos and pine. But don't worry, it's only a Black Racer, a friendly non-venemous snake that eats rodents such as mice. And if you look on either side of the path, before we enter the parking area on the north side of the house, you will find a line of long leaf pine trees. These trees are native to Florida and have a number of uses, including the steeping of its green needles for a tea, which has more vitamin C than a lemon. Now we find ourselves on the north side of the house where we can take a short break on the patio. Go ahead and sit down for a moment. I'm sure you've noticed the shading arbor above our head, covered with grapevine. Feel free to pluck a sweet snack. As we sit here, look towards the East: a sprinkling of dwarf fruit trees circled with vegetables and flowers. Not only do the little trees produce tasty fruit, they provide some shade to the vegetables during the hotter part of the day. If you feel like it, we can go sit in the middle of the fruit trees on that bench. Yeah? Let's take a closer look then. If you recall, bamboo has many uses, and here is one: a tee-pee type trellis for peas to climb. Peas are in the legume family, which also includes the bean plant. This means that peas also fix nitrogen in the soil, just like the second sister we found in the orchard. How much is the watering bill? Well, it's zero. We collect the rainwater from the domes of the house and use this to shower and wash dishes. Once the dirty water, or grey water goes down the sink, it’s captured and used to flush the toilets, then drains into a filtering wetland on the south side of the house. This allows aquatic plants to filter the nutrients out of the black water. Once it's filtered, we can safely use it to feed our plants. Come along now, we aren't going back inside just yet. I know you are eager to cook up some of this food, but I've got just a little more to show you. Let's walk east towards the pond, I've got a surprise for you: a secret garden, shaded by live oaks and mulberries. No, we aren't going to rest here, but you're right, the picnic table would be a great place for lunch with all these wildflowers popping up everywhere. Ok. Let's saunter around the lake and check out the view. As we pass this weeping willow and bamboo on the edge of the pond, you will see our next stop, the palm pavilion, which is constructed in a manner similar to the chickee, the main structure built by the Calusa tribe. The frame is constructed from trees found on site, and the roof is made from palmettos, which are also found all over the property. To make the roof, the palmetto leaves are thatched to thin sticks that span the frame. The thatching of palm leaves can be used not only for roofs but for walls as well. Across the lake, you will spot a row of wax myrtles which grow naturally at the edge of ponds and lakes. In the pond itself is water celery, duck potato, taro and lotus--all edible--as well as pickerel weed, water lilies and soft rush. I know the view is beautiful, but if you turn around you will see something even more amazing: a food forest. This forest keeps itself alive through a great diversity of plants, both fruits and legumes, and everything from plants that end up becoming mulch to smaller shrub type plants that like shade. We've got olives, comfrey, atemoya, barbados cherries, blueberries, star-fruit, kumquat, lychee, peach, persimmon, pomegranate. A lot to take in, I know. Beautiful, without question. Functional, without doubt. It makes you think a bit. It also makes you hungry. Let's head back to the house and fix something to eat. If we take the southern side of the pond back, we can grab a couple Jaboticaba fruit as we head back, and don't forget to pick a few herbs on the way into the kitchen.
  • 5. Zone Plantings and Structures for the Earthship Grounds Zone 1 1 Berms on the Earthship Beach Sunflower, railroad vine, Moon Erosion control, ground cover, and beauty. Flower (Around the base or grow vertically). Perennial Peanut Cover Native Grasses along perimeter Erosion control and mulch. 2 Kitchen Gardens (west by kitchen Daily harvested plants can be planted near the kitchen side of the entrance, less visited plants in north side garden. & north garage side) Winter: cherry tomatoes, dill, oregano Annual and perennial vegetables outside kitchen door, carrots, lettuce, arugula, red mustard, convenient source of staple crops for homeowners, gets dandelion, kale, bush beans, radishes, year-round sun. Peppers are perennials in Florida’s broccoli, cabbages, calendula, violets, sunny climate. Violets, calendula and borage are edible borage, cauliflower, eggplant. flowers that are both beautiful and nutritious. Sweet potato flourishes in summer as a cover crop, protecting Summer: okra, black-eyed peas and the soil and providing a bounty of edible leaves as well sweet potato as a ground cover. as tubers. Dill and oregano are companion plants for tomatoes, providing ladybugs to consume aphids and All year: peppers pollinators, respectively. Black-eyed peas and bush beans both restore nitrogen to the soil, ensuring healthy Grasses: Florida Gamma, soil year-round. Fakahatchee, Sand Cord Grass, Grasses provide erosion control, beauty, and plentiful Muhly Grass compost material Ground Covers: Beach Sunflower, Flowering ground covers provide beauty, sunshine Sunshine Mimosa, Railroad Vine, mimosa fixes nitrogen, and Purslane and New Zealand Purslane Spinach are edible. New Zealand Spinach Chickasaw Plum(put near herb spiral) 3 Herb spiral Parsley, rosemary, thyme, dill, Provides a decorative central source of culinary and cilantro, chives, lavender, lemon medicinal herbs, edible flowers for color, pollinators balm, fennel, Mexican tarragon, and taste, and strawberries for snacking. The shape of chamomile, sage, salad burnet, the herb spiral also conserves space and provides many violets, nasturtiums, African and microclimates for each plant to truly flourish. Mexican Italian basils, oregano, dianthus, tarragon is adapted to the hot, sunny climate. Italian scented geraniums, strawberries, basil is common for cooking, while African basil can lemon verbena be used as a seasoning, but also attracts pollinators (and humans) with pretty purple flowers. 4 Worm Bin Best placed nearest the kitchen for ease of use. 5 Eastern face of existing Woody Berm on the West side of the house Multiple Carolina Yellow Jessamine Ornamental (alkaloid, do not eat), gound cover and
  • 6. vibrantly flowering Multiple Blue Sage Bushes Excellent formal or informal flowering border plant 6 Entertainment Garden (near main entrance, garage side) Horsemint, citronella, catnip, Citronella is aromatic and mosquito-repellant, and is lemongrass, muscadine grapes, native to this climate. Catnip has edible leaves and is climbing roses deer-resistant as well as mosquito-repellent. Horsemint, which favors sandy soils, is a strikingly beautiful and aromatic large purple flower, with leaves that have medicinal applications to treat colds, flu and fungus. Lemongrass aids digestion, provides seasoning in cooking, and a pleasant aroma. As a high grass, it also helps to seclude the area, and make it more attractive. Rose petals are edible and the leaves are medicinal. 7 Arbor (native wood) The arbor of the outdoor kitchen and seating area is covered with Muscadine grapes, which are edible, tasty and native, with edible leaves. They are also deciduous, so they allow sunlight in winter, but provide a shady refuge in summer. In summer, this space doubles as a shade house for germinating seeds. Grape leaves are edible and when they fall they can be composted. 8 Chicken Feed Garden Lamb’s Quarters, Amaranth, Food for humans and chickens that can be simply cut plantain and deposited in chicken coop. 9 Chicken Coup 3 chickens produce about 2 eggs per Coup Size: three birds need 12 square feet day. (4 square feet of floor space for each bird) If more eggs/chickens are desired or planned in Inside the coop, chickens will need 9” of perch space the future, add # of chickens and square footage each and a couple of nest boxes. The chickens will also accordingly to build proper sized coup. need a run...or a fenced space to be out in during the day. 10 Garage Confederate jasmine Beautify and disquise the container garage and attract or allemande pollinators. 11 East Side Garden Curved raised garden planted with Bed can be made of natural onsite materials (cobb). dill, oregano, carrots, lettuce, Provides built in seating, easy no bending access to arugula, red mustard, dandelion, plants and is aesthetically pleasing. kale, violets, and calendula Garden Tipi planted with pole beans Tipi are made of onsite materials & peas Witch Hazel Tree Witch Hazel is medicinal and is beautiful
  • 7. Loquat Tree Loquat provides and abundance of edible fruits 12 North Side Garden Area Gardenias Food, medicine, pleasing scents, habitat for birds, Dwarf Citrus Trees attract pollinators. (Lemon leaves make good and 1 lemon tree healing tea) 1 orange tree 1 lime tree 1 grapefruit Citrus Tree Guild: Pumpkins Pumpkins can be planted in April, beans can be planted Broad beans in September and maintain a constant green bed. (Alternative guild: nasturtiums, (Alternative guild for greater pest control) chives, and garlic) Zone 2 13 Secret Garden (East Past House Gardens) Jaboticaba Food and beauty 4 Citrus Trees Food and beauty Free seeding wild flowers Beauty, butterflies and pollinators 2 Mulberry trees Food, birds also eat 6 Comfry Accumulator of minerals, food for chickens, good mulch material, medicinal 14 Pond 6 Walter’s Viburnum Large, nice backdrop to the shelter, beautiful flowers in the Spring, good fruit and nesting for the birds. 12 Muhly grasses Showy in fall upright bunch grasses that bloom in Fall (Used by basketmakers). 6 Bamboo 3 on each side of Highly ornamental, timber, visual barrier. Viburnums 1 Pecan North east Nuts and shade in summer. 1 Weeping Willow South east Ornamental and basket making. Pond Water Lillies Beauty. Water Celery Edible leaves. Taro Tuber is edible. Lotus Tubers are edible. Duck potato White flowers and edible tubers. Pickeral Weed Edible leaves and blue flowers for butterflies and pollinators. Soft Rush Bold form for design, good texture. 15 Pond Pavilion Made of native wood and palmetto roof 16 West End 2 varieties of Mango Food 2 Avocados
  • 8. 1 Bananas 2 Papayas Zone 3 17 Super Guild Orchard Several different "tree centered" guilds boost food choice and (Swales need to be filled first) biodiversity. With added herbs and low lying plant species, it becomes beautiful and low maintenance. Assorted Fruit & Nut Trees w/guild Edibles, enrich the soil, provide mulch, provide shade TBD, i.e.: or a mix of these. Low maintenance. Atemoya Barbados Cherries Bluberries Starfruit Kumquat Lychee Peach Persimmon Pomegranate Comfrey at bottom Protects bottom, accumulator of minerals. Add a couple more herbs and low lying plant species Grove of Olive Trees along dirt Edible, olive oil, typically not grown in the area but road, could thrive here. need northern exposure! Zone 4 18 The Three Sisters Orchard Blackberry hedge Provides barrier, Feeds the wildlife from outside, can be transplanted from site, attracts bees. Clumping Bamboo Building material, filters water, tubers are edible. Three sisters guild: corn, beans, Edible, self seeding and low maintenance. squash, or pumpkins. Jujubes 3 or 4, provide shade, edible, leaf mulch. Bananas Edible. Comfrey around jujubes Edible, medicinal, nitrogen fixing. High Bush Blueberries Edible, hedge, adds to stacking. Zones 1 through 4 Ground Cover Perennial Peanut No mow ground cover Crowley’s Nursery – local nursery resource with good variety of plants.
  • 9. Native Plants Dahoon Holly Leaves can be dried and made into tea Thistle Stalk can be cut and eaten Saw Palmetto The terminal bud in the center can be cut and eaten; mesh at base can be used to make rope; will light easy to make fire; weave the leaves together to make a mat to cook food over a fire. Grape vines Can cut at base and position the end over a container to catch 2 to 4 gallons of water. Polk Eat fresh shoots; squeeze berries to make dark purple red tatoo ink; kills chiggers; Queen Ann’s Lace Wild carrot seed tastes like salt; used to color soap a nice yellow Golden Rod Made into tea, has a licorice flavor; flower helpful for allergies. Elderberry Fruit made into wine, jams, jellies, cold medicine; can make fritters from flowers; can make tea from flowers. Wax Myrtle Berries have wax that can be boiled and skimmed to make candles; can make soap; wet crushed leaves make an excellent mosquito repellent. Fern Fiddle head (coiled unopened frond) can be cooked and eaten. Virginia (vine) Leaves can be boiled and eaten; can make baskets with leaves. Creeper Blackberries Can make tea; good for diarrhea. Red Bay Leaves good for flavoring cooking; substitute for bay leaf. Pine Needles can be used to make tea; nuts are edible.
  • 10. Blueberries Edible Dandelion Leaves and flowers are edible; the roots can be ground and used as substitute for coffee.