Nick Taylor (Heriot-Watt University, UK) : Context-aware infrastructure issues: PERSIST and SOCIETIES projects

1. Context-aware Infrastructure Issues Nick Taylor Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh, UK DAIDALOS

2. What is Context-awareness? A range of information about the environment or state in which some activity is occurring For a network, context-aware also means being traffic-aware and for wireless, interference-aware Requirements for - Services/Routes and SLAs (Service Level Agreements) Bandwidth/Reliability and QoS (Quality of Service) Frequency/Modulation and BERs (Bit Error Rates)

3. What Context-awareness Can Achieve Adaptation Personalisation for users Reconfiguration for devices Actuation Pro-active behaviours for users Switching for devices Monitoring QoS for SLAs, etc. Learning

4. Requirements of Context-awareness Rapid and reliable transmission of an increasing volume of, possibly continuously streamed, data Merging/fusion of data from multiple context sources Inference of higher level context attributes For a network, cognitive network management and re-configurability Addressability of an enormous number of sensors and actuators!

5. IPv4 Address Exhaustion Source: Wikipedia (2010)

6. IPv6 Slow uptake Do we need to wait? Can we afford to? Do we really need to be able to address everything from everywhere? How far does RFID data actually travel in practice? We need pragmatic solutions, not once-size-fits-all Ad hoc formation of local subnets on demand might be more efficient in most smart spaces Opportunistic P2P networking is already possible but needs to be made much easier

7. A Pervasive Agenda for FI Future Internet needs to better support Smart spaces rich in devices Including much larger numbers of, but highly localised, sensors and actuators Mobile users on the move (across networks too) B3G, WIFI, WIMAX, … Separation of identity and location in addressing User choice and negotiation Privacy, Cost, QoS, etc. selection criteria Only the user can decide what their privacy, price, etc. requirements are but negotiation must be supported

8. A Smarter FI Infrastructure Statefull Awareness of what is occurring where (recoverable) Adaptable Network selection and re-configuration Extensible Integration of sensor and actuator networks Efficient Network protocols (e.g. minimalist for mobiles) Seamless Network hand-over for “Always Best Connected”

9. Users versus Devices Human to Machine (H2M) Original Internet design Needs extending to allow users to tailor more than just apps/services to their needs Cross-layer collaboration in Service Oriented Architectures Preferences for cost, security, privacy, QOS need to be able to impact on device and network properties Machine to Machine (M2M) Data-centric rather than user-centric in nature Real World Internet and Internet of Things will drive FI in new directions with potential for conflict with H2M unless infrastructure sufficiently flexible

10. Acknowledgements Partners in Daidalos, Persist, Societies consortia MANA (Management & Service-Aware Networking Architectures) Position Paper RWI (Real World Internet) Position Paper

11. Additional slides follow in case necessary

12. PERSIST (PSS) & SOCIETIES (CSS)

13. Example - PERSIST

14. Example - SOCIETIES Abstraction Technologies User Trial/Testbed Technologies Protocols: IP, HTTP, FTP (Cameras) Service Interaction: REST, SOAP, PTP (Cameras), Sensor Network Protocols Networking: LAN, Wifi, WiMax, UMTS, BGAN, Bluetooth, Zigbee Service Platforms: OSGi, Mono OS Platforms: Windows, Linux, Android, Moblin Mobile Devices:SmartPhone, MID, Tablet PC, PDA, Nettop, Specks/Motes, RFID Tags/Readers Fixed Devices: Sensor networks, Servers, IMS, Directional Speakers, Lights Available Features: GPS, Motion, Temperature, Pressure, Magnetic Compass, Camera, Microphone