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Erin Liman | @liman
Credit: Robin Hutton
Storyboarding
and
Developing Personas
Stories Guide Product Development
The story itself, the true story, is the one that the
audience members create in their minds, guided
and shaped by my text, but then transformed,
elucidated, expanded, edited, and clarified by their
own experience, their own desires,
their own hopes and fears.
—Orson Scott Card
American Science Fiction Writer
“Up” follows the Hero’s Journey emotional arc
• Visual
• Persistent - even when storyteller isn’t present
• Reflects and shapes the culture
Compelling stories are about change
Figure out
the story
Tell a
new story
3STEPSTO CREATING THE NEW STORY
1
2
3
COLLECT / UNDERSTAND STORIES
RE-FRAME,TELL A NEW STORY
SCALE THE STORY
1
2
3
COLLECT / UNDERSTAND STORIES
RE-FRAME,TELL A NEW STORY
SCALE THE STORY
Story Spine
time
tension
and because of that
so, the moral of
the story is
until finally
until one day
and every day
Memorable stories often have this structure
once upon a time
and every day
and because of that
Who
What
When
Where
How
Why
Persona
Objective
Timing
Context
Action
Meaning
Questions to Answer
time
tension
“rainy” day
wrap-up and thank
reflection
“sunny” day
Interview Flow
Ethnographic interviews have this structure
introduction
build rapport
Persona’s enable us to step into another person’s shoes
THE	
  TARGET	
  
POPULATION	
  
SHOULD	
  FEEL
UNCOMFORTABLY	
  
NARROW	
  
1
2
3
COLLECT / UNDERSTAND STORIES
RE-FRAME,TELL A NEW STORY
SCALE THE STORY
Village9991
Persona = composite portrait of a user or stakeholder
homestay4studentsmontreal.blogspot.com
Example:
Mai, Student
Montreal
www-inst.eecs.berkeley.edu 
I am ...
I am trying to ...
But, ...
Because ...
Which makes me feel ...
“Who” with 3+ characteristics
Objective or “job to be done”
Perceived barrier
Root cause
Emotion
Exercise: Problem Statement
1
2
3
COLLECT / UNDERSTAND STORIES
RE-FRAME,TELL A NEW STORY
SCALE THE STORY
Story: Re-thinking the MRI for Kids
From Terror to Delight
I am ...
I am trying to ...
But, ...
Because ...
Which makes me feel ...
“Who” with 3+ characteristics
Objective or “job to be done”
Perceived barrier
Root cause
Emotion
Problem Statement: Brain Scans are Scary
Max, a energetic first grader with a mass in my head
Get my problem fixed so I can go back to school
MRI machines are scary
My parents can’t come and I don’t know what will happen
Afraid and alone
Examine Anxiety Points
1
2
3
4
SEPARATION
WILL MY PARENTS LEAVE ME?
PAIN
IS THIS GOING TO HURT?
THE DOCTOR
SPEED AND EFFICIENCY IS OFTEN SEEN AS DISLIKE
THE UNKNOWN
KIDS OFTEN ASSUME THE WORST
Transform Pains and “Meh” Moments into Delight
Credit: Maria Hock
Customer Journey Swim-Lanes for Each Persona
Credit: Maria Hock
Transform Terror into Delight
“As is”
“To be”
Story Spine
time
tension
and because of that
so, the moral of
the story is
until finally
until one day
and every day
Memorable stories often have this structure
once upon a time
and every day
and because of that
Plot
What Makes a Good Story?
(discussion)
Who’s the story about?
It may not be who you’d expect.
Personas
Paint the New Future
•Establish characters and relationships
•Show the the character’s objective
•Set the scene (where)
•Show how she overcomes the challenge
•Show outcome, with main character as the hero NOT the product
•Person changes as an outcome of the product or service
Exercise: Advance and Color
Warm-up
Form groups of 3, and
each pick a letter
A, B or C
Exercise: Advance and Color
Advance + Color
Exercise: Advance and Color
(5 minutes)
A = the Director. This is your movie.You choose when to
“advance” the plot or add “color” to draw us in
B = The plot line. Think verbs.You move the hero of the
story from start to the desired outcome.
C = the colorist.Think adjectives.You paint the backstory to
set context, add scenery and other memorable details that
help the story stick.
Stories are StickyStories are Sticky
1. Identify, then assume the perspective of a key persona
2. Walk through the plot line, one step at a time, from the triggering
event to the resolution.
3. Play out how the characters overcome the challenge, and what
happens as a result.
4. Add “color” to weave in memorable facts and spark emotion.
5. Step back: and simplify
6. Tell the story. Revise. Repeat.
Steps
photo credit: seier+seier
43
Erin Liman
Innovation Accelerator
Innovation is Social, LLC
twitter: @liman
blog: innovationissocial.com
linkedin.com/erinliman
about.me/erinliman
INNOVATION	
  IS	
  SOCIAL

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Storyboarding and Developing Personas, Total Experience Design and Agile Development Conference | 9/9/2013