Overview of DroidCon UK 2015

DROIDCON UK 2015
London, England
Elif BONCUK
Date (09/12/2015)

DroidCon
2
• To support the Android platform and create a global network for
developers and companies
• First DroidCons at Berlin and London, 2009
• Held in Amsterdam, Bangalore, Berlin, Brussels, Bucharest, Dubai,
London, Madrid, Moscow, Montreal, Murcia, Paris, Stockholm, Tel Aviv,
NewYork, Krakow, Zagreb, Thessaloniki, San Francisco, Tunis and
Turin
• Ones, Held in Ankara, Android Developer Days, 2014
• Mobile devices, to TV, to cars, to gaming, and so much more

DroidCon UK 2015
2
• Hosted in Business Design Center London for the 6th year
• Europe’s Largest Android Conference
• Speakers from consumer brands, mobile organizations, mobile
operators and industries touched by the mobile market — including
advertising, banking, health, entertainment and education
• Presented at more than 50 conference sessions

Agenda
• Android for Java Developers
• Meaningful Motion
• Mobile Services From Google
• Gradle - Gradle Performance
• Jack and Jill Build System
• RxJava, RxAndroid
• Kotlin Language

4
Android For Java Developers
The lead of the Android UI Toolkit team at Google
Developing for Android: Contents Introduction
I: Understanding the Mobile Context
II: The Rules: Memory
III: The Rules: Performance
IV: The Rules: Networking
V: The Rules: Language & Libraries
VI: The Rules: Storage
VII: The Rules: Framework
VIII: The Rules: User Interface
IX: Tools
https://medium.com/google-developers/developing-for-android-introduction-5345b451567c#.nbwgkioul

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Android For Java Developers…
Java Programming Language
Runtime
Hardware
Language != Platform
Server - Runtime
Server
Dalvik
Server-Land Android
Moving,
compacting
collector
CPU: very
very fast
Memory:
Basically ∞
ART
CPU: wayyyy
slower
Idle
Compaction
No
Compaction

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Memory
• Limited
• Shared
• Memory = Performance

4

4
Fewer allocations lead to:
• Smaller heap
• Faster allocation times
• Faster collection times
• Fewer pauses
• Less CPU usage
• Happier users!

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Host tools
• Systrace
• Allocation Tracker
• Traceview
• Hierarchyviewer
• MAT
• Memory monitor

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Device tools
• StrictMode
• GPU profiling
• GPU overdraw
• Screenrecord
• Hardware layer updates

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Making Your App Better…
Animation APIs
• ViewPropertyAnimator
• ObjectAnimators
• Interpolators
• Circular reveals
• Transitions
• Window content transitions
• Shared element transitions
• AnimatedVectorDrawables

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ViewPropertyAnimator
Simple View Animations - 4.1+

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Object Animator
Animate all the things - 3.0+

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Interpolars
Easing in and out

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Circular Reveals

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Transitions

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Window content transitions

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Shared element transitions

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AnimatedVectorDrawables

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Mobile Services From Google
Tip One: New Android Studio Template

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Tip Two: Use Lite Mode Maps
https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/android-api/lite?hl=en

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Tip Three: Consider GeoJSON or KML
• Standard formats for encoding geo data (GeoJSON) or
outlines KML
• Android Map Utils library includes parsers for these
• Can save you a lot of coding in some scenarios, and
provides an optimized experience

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Tip Four: Cluster is not a bad word!

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Tip Five: Consider
Polyline Encoding!
• If you collect lots of location data in
order to map a taken route, these
might help!
• Example: Dog walking, Map a
bike ride or hike etc.

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Tip Six: Curated Locations
• The Places API is awesome
Don’t just call it blindly
• Consider Curation
Local DB
Backed up with Places
• Be careful of TOS
Don’t cache places
Use their IDs

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Tip Seven: Location Sensor Optimisation
• Know when to start and stop listening
• getLastKnownLocation
• if you need a location quickly
• Maintain a best estimate
• Compare update with previous ones and remove bad
data
• Adjust the Fused Location Provider as needed
• Remember, the most sensitive, the higher the cost

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Tip Eight: Map Overlays
• Be careful when using overlays
• Good example: trafic
• Bad example: different coloured pins on different
overlays!
• Always give the users to turn them on and off.

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Tip Nine: Using Beacons
• Consider Beacon Virtualisation
• Track the Beacon namespace / id in your own DB
• Assign these to real world locations

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Tip Ten: API Utility Library
• GeoJSON / KML
• Heatmaps
• Customized Markers
• Clusters
• Polyline Encoding
• Distance, Area, Heading Calculation
• Open Source!

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Gradle…
Why Gradle?
• Conciseness
• Polyglot
• Multiple teams
• Multiple languages
• Coordinated releases
• Product Delivery
• more than just building APKS
• documentation with tested code examples
• auto-provisioned dev environments
• automated release process

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Gradle…
• How to force Gradle to rerun the tasks even if they are up
to date? (without clean)
./gradlew build - -rerun-tasks

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Gradle…
Building with Gradle
2-phase build:
• Configuration phase —> build task graph
• Execution phase —> execute task graph

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Gradle…
Execution Phase
• Incremental Build Feature
Inputs —> Task —> Output
Define Inputs and Outputs on your custom
tasks.

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Gradle…
Execution Phase
• Continuous Build Feature
gradlew test -t

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Gradle…
• How to force Gradle to always run a given task Y after task
X?
taskY.mustRunAfter taskX

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Gradle…
Building with Gradle - Experimental
• Know all things, build some things
• Know some things, build some things.

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The Jack and Jill Build System
ASSETS ASSETS
XML resources
(.xml)
Compiled
XML resources
(.xml)
Source code
(.java)
Libraries
(.class)
Runtime
(.class)
Java bytecode
(.class)
Libraries
(.class)
Dalvik bytecode
(classes.dex)
Javac Dx
Aapt
Android Build System
Aapt: Android Asset Packaging Tool

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ASSETS ASSETS
XML resources
(.xml)
Compiled
XML resources
(.xml)
Source code
(.java)
Libraries
(.class)
Runtime
(.class)
Java
bytecode
(.class)
Libraries
(.class)
Dalvik bytecode
(classes.dex)
Javac Dx
Aapt
Proguard
Proguard
Optimized
Java
bytecode
(.class)
ProGuard
config (.txt)
ProGuard
mapping (.txt)

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ASSETS ASSETS
XML resources
(.xml)
Compiled
XML resources
(.xml)
Source code
(.java)
Libraries
(.class)
Runtime
(.class)
Libraries
(.jayce)
Dalvik bytecode
(classes.dex)
Jack
Aapt
Jack and Jill
ProGuard
config (.txt)
ProGuard
mapping (.txt)
Runtime
(.jayce)
Jill
Jill

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The Jack and Jill Build System…
How to use Jack using Gradle
Build Tools 21.1.1
Android Stuid 1.0.0+
android {
...
buildToolsRevision ‘21.1.2’
defaultConfig {
// Enable the experimental Jack build tools.
useJack = true
}
...
}

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Using command lines
Jack usage:
java -jar <SDK>/build-tools/21.1.1/jack.jar --help
Jill usage:
java -jar <SDK>/build-tools/21.1.1/jill.jar --help

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Implications of Jack and Jill
• Java Annotation processors - supported in Jack
E.g. Dagger, Butterknife
• Bytecode processors - only supported via Jill
E.g. JaCoCo, Retrolambda
• Other JVM languages - only supported via Jill
E.g. Scala, Groovy, art

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Shrinking and Obfuscation support
"--config-proguard"
Common options:
@
-include
-basedirectory
-injars
-outjars // only 1 output jar supported
-libraryjars
-dontoptimize // required: Jack does not optimize
-dontpreverify // required: Jack does not preverify
-dontskipnonpubliclibraryclasses
-dontskipnonpubliclibraryclassmembers
-forceprocessing
-keep
-keepclassmembers
-keepclasseswithmembers
-keepnames
-keepclassmembernames
-keepclasseswithmembernames
-printseeds

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Shrinking and Obfuscation support
Obfuscation options:
-dontobfuscate
-printmapping
-applymapping
-obfuscationdictionary
-classobfuscationdictionary
-packageobfuscationdictionary
-useuniqueclassmembernames
-dontusemixedcaseclassnames
-keeppackagenames
-flattenpackagehierarchy
-repackageclasses
-keepattributes
-adaptclassstrings

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56 sn
11 sn
9 sn
8 sn
32 sn
53 sn
29 sn
2m50sn
1m48sn
20sn
9sn
9sn
11sn

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RxJava, RxAndroid
ReactiveX
• created by Microsoft
a library for composing asynchronous and event-based
programs by using observable sequences
RxJava
• a Java VM implementation of ReactiveX
• Lightweight
• Polygot Implementation
• Java6+
• JVM-based languages Groovy, Clojure, JRuby, Kotlin,
Scala
• RxJava Libraries : Hystrix, Camel RX, rxjava-http-tail,
mod-rxvertx - Extension for VertX, rxjava-jdbc, rtree

4
RxJava, RxAndroid…
RxJava
Simple Observable
Observable<String> countObservable = Observable.from(Arrays.asList(new Integer[]{2, 3, 5,7})).
filter(n -> n % 2 !=0).
count().
map(n -> String.format("%d items(s)", n));
countObservable.subscribe(new Subscriber<String>(){
@Override
public void onCompleted(){
}
@Override
public void onError(Throwable e){
}
@Override
public void onNext(String s){
Log.d("get reactive!", s);
}
});

4
RxJava
Processing Chain
• Transformers
• map, flattop, scan
• Filters
• filter, trottle, take, ship
• Conditions
• amb, skipWhile, takeWhile
• Combinations
• concat, zip, combineLatest
• Aggregate
• count, reduce, toList, toMap

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RxAndroid: Reactive Extensions for Android
• adds the minimum classes to RxJava that make writing
reactive components in Android applications easy and
hassle-free.
• provides a Scheduler that schedules on the main UI
thread or any given Handler

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RxAndroid
Making Listeners Reactive:

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RxAndroid
Making Listeners Reactive:
final Observable<Void> myButtonClickObservable = Observable.create(subscriber -> {
myButton.setOnClickListener(v -> {
if (!subscriber.isUnsubscribed()) {
subscriber.onNext(v);
}
});
});
myButtonClickObservable.subscribe(v -> triggerAction());
myButtonClickObservable.
delay(100, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS).
observeOn(Schedulers.io()).
subscribe(v -> triggerAction());

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RxAndroid
RxBindings:
RxView.clicks(myButton).subscribe(v -> triggerAction());
Others and more:
RxView, RxTextView, RxAdapter, RxAdapterView,
RxAutoCompleteTextView, RxCheckedTextView,
RxCompoundButton, RxMenuItem, RxSeekBar,
RxViewGroup, RxProgressBar, RxRadioGroup, RxRatingBar,
RxRecylerView, RxRecylerViewAdapter, RxSearchView, RxToolBar..
rxbinding-support-v4:0.3.0
rxbinding-appcompat-v7:0.3.0
rxbinding-design:0.3.0
rxbinding-recyclerview-v7:0.3.0
rxbinding-leanback-v17:0.3.0

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Kotlin
Kotlin is a statically-typed programming language that runs
on the Java Virtual Machine and also can be compiled to
JavaScript source code. Its primary development is from a
team of JetBrains.
Philosophy
Development lead Andrey Breslav has said that Kotlin is
designed to be an industrial-strength object-oriented
language, and to be a better language than Java but still
be fully interoperable with Java code, allowing companies to
make a gradual migration from Java to Kotlin.

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Kotlin…
Why Kotlin?
• Concise

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Kotlin…
Why Kotlin?
• Safe

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Kotlin…
Why Kotlin?
• Versatile

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Kotlin…
Why Kotlin?
• Interoperable

4
Kotlin…
Android and Kotlin

64
Questions?
Thank you!
@elifbonc_
+ElifBoncuk
www.elifboncuk.wordpress.com

64
References
• http://droidcon.com/
• https://skillsmatter.com/conferences/6712-droidcon-2015
• https://medium.com/google-developers/developing-for-android-introduction-
5345b451567c#.nbwgkioul
• https://photos.google.com/share/AF1QipMRnZL6gNbS06fnBNtKffRm9HBaxW8iP6w0L1T4nZYLI6
s3wi_l8daT6mq4nwPf-w?key=LThZNmFXUUtmNi04bWlEYmVfcWdPenlvaDdCRU13
• http://tools.android.com/tech-docs/jackandjill
• http://reactivex.io/intro.html
• https://github.com/ReactiveX/RxJava/wiki
• https://github.com/ReactiveX/RxAndroid
• https://github.com/JakeWharton/RxBinding
• https://kotlinlang.org/docs/tutorials/kotlin-android.html
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotlin_(programming_language)
• https://kotlinlang.org/
• http://developer.android.com/tools/building/configuring-gradle.html
• http://gradle.org/
• https://docs.gradle.org
• https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/utilities/polylinealgorithm
• https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/android-api/utility/?hl=en
• http://gradle.org/feature-spotlight-incremental-builds/
• http://gradle.org/feature-spotlight-continuous-build/

Overview of DroidCon UK 2015

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