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 A New Sustainable Polymeric Fire Safety
Solution for Thermoplastics and Elastomers
       21st Annual Conference on Recent Advances on
           Flame Retardancy of Polymeric Materials
                        May 24, 2010

  Kumar G. Kumar, Arthur Mack, Douglas Luther, Vijay Kotian and Bo Liu
                        Albemarle Corporation
Agenda                     www.albemarle.com
                                            www.albemarle.com




    Why a new Flame Retardant?
    What is GreenArmor?
    How well does GreenArmor perform in
      Styrenics
      Polyolefins
      Polyamides
      Polyesters
    Registration status
    Commercialization timeline
    Sampling
    Summary

2
Why a New Flame Retardant?
                                                           www.albemarle.com
                                                             www.albemarle.com




    Growing need for efficient fire safety solutions that are…


       Environmentally friendly
       Sustainable
       Recyclable
       Melt blendable (Efficiency !)
                                                 In a single
       Better performing                          package
       Thermally stable (Aesthetics !)
       Color stable




3
What is                                              www.albemarle.com
                                                            www.albemarle.com



     New Generation Polymeric Flame Retardant (MW > 1000)
     High Bromine content
     Better FR efficiency
     Melt-blendable
     Can be used in both thermoplastic and thermoset
    polymers
     Has excellent mechanical and electrical properties
     Offers better thermal and color stability
     Has excellent recyclability
     Is offered in a low-color, non-dusting pellet form
     Supports VECAP



4
Typical Properties                  www.albemarle.com
                                                        www.albemarle.com




    Property                                GreenArmor
    Specific Gravity                           2.4
    Bromine Content                           ≥74 %
    Glass Transition Temperature (by DSC)     122°C
    TGA, (10 °C / min under N2)
      1% weight loss                          303°C
      5% weight loss                          355°C
      10% weight loss                         369°C



5
www.albemarle.com




in Styrenics
Properties Comparison of in HIPS
                                                                                        www.albemarle.com
                                                                                          www.albemarle.com



                    In a General-Purpose Injection Molding HIPS resin:
    FR                                               GreenArmor   TTBPT   Saytex 8010        BEO
    Br %                                                10.0       10.0      10.0            10.0
    Antimony Trioxide %                                  4.0       4.0        4.0             4.0
    Properties                           Units
    UL-94, 1/8"              UL-94                      V-0        V-0       V-0             V-0
    t1 + t2                              sec.            12         11        8               9
             o
    MFI, 200 C/ 5kg          ASTM D1238 g/10 min        14.7       18.1      9.7             25.8
    HDT                      ASTM D648 ° C              70.6       70.1      71.4            66.5
    Vicat                    ASTM D1525 °C              97.2       94.8      96.8            90.1
    N-Izod Impact Strength   ASTM D256 ft-lb/in         1.63       1.66      1.03            1.21
    Tensile Strength         ASTM D638   psi x10^3      3.2        3.1       3.0             3.0
    Tensile Modulus          ASTM D638   psi x10^5      2.9        2.8       3.1             2.9
    Elongation at yield      ASTM D638   %              1.3        1.2       1.1             1.2
    Elongation at Break      ASTM D638   %              19.3       28.2      7.8             18.6
    Flexural Strength        ASTM D790   psi x10^3      6.8        6.6       5.7             6.4
    Flexural Modulus         ASTM D790   psi x10^5      3.3        3.3       3.4             3.4


           TTBPT: Tris-tribromophenoxy triazine
           BEO: Brominated Epoxy Oligomer


7
in HIPS
          Key Properties vs. other FR’s                                                www.albemarle.com
                                                                                         www.albemarle.com




                             Best performance
                             with GreenArmor !

                                                                 Temp °C
                                                     100
    3.5
             psi x10³
    3.0
                                                         80

    2.5
                                    ft-lb/in             60
    2.0

    1.5                                                  40
                                                                                  g / 10 min
    1.0
                                                         20
    0.5

    0.0                                                   0
                                                                   Vicat     Melt Flow Index
          Tensile Strength         Izod Impact

8
                         GreenArmor              TTBPT        Saytex 8010   BEO
in HIPS
                 Melt Stability vs. other FR’s                                           www.albemarle.com
                                                                                           www.albemarle.com



                                                            o            -1
                           Capillary Melt Stability @ 250 C, 500 sec
                 140

                 130

                 120

                 110
    Visc Pa-s.




                 100

                  90

                  80

                  70

                  60
                       5    10          15        20            25            30            35
                                               Time, min

                           GreenArmor        TTBPT         Saytex 8010             BEO

9
FR HIPS - Multi-Pass Recycle Results                                                                                    www.albemarle.com
                                                                                                                               www.albemarle.com


                          MFI                                                                                   VICAT
             35                                                                    100
             30
                                                                                   95
             25




                                                                           Vicat
       MFI




             20                                                                    90
             15
                                                                                   85
             10

             5                                                                     80
                  0   2          4                      6                                0             2               4     6
                      Molding Cycle #                                                                      Molding Cycle #
                                                                       Izod
     Best performance                         2.5
     with GreenArmor !
                                              2.0
                                     Impact




                                              1.5

                                              1.0


                                              0.5
                                                    0             2                  4                6
                                                                    Molding Cycle #
                                                NEAT        GreenArmor     TTBPT             Saytex 8010     BEO
10
FR HIPS - Humidity Aging Results                                                                                                        www.albemarle.com
                                                                                                                                                     www.albemarle.com


      30                                                                                          98

      25                                                                                          96

      20                                                                                          94




                                                                                       Vicat, C
                                                                                                  92
MFI




      15

                                                                                                  90
      10

                                                                                                  88
       5
                                                                                                  86
       0                                                                                                 Neat         GreenArmor    TTBPT       Saytex 8010     BEO
            Neat       GreenArmor            TTBPT        Saytex 8010        BEO

            non-aged                                  non-aged after 1st molding                                  non-aged    100% aged     30% aged/70% non-aged
            100% aged                                 30% aged/70% non-aged
                                             3.0

                                             2.5

                                             2.0
                                    Impact




                                             1.5

                                             1.0

                                             0.5

                                             0.0
                                                       Neat     GreenArmor     TTBPT     Saytex 8010            BEO

                                                     non-aged           100% aged                 30% aged/70% non-aged
 11
GreenArmor
           Properties Comparison in ABS                                        www.albemarle.com
                                                                                 www.albemarle.com



                   In a General-Purpose Injection Molding ABS resin:

 FR                                               GreenArmor   TTBPT   TBBPA        BEO
 Br %                                                12.0       12.0    12.0        12.0
 Antimony Trioxide %                                  4.5       4.5      4.5        4.5
 Properties                           Units
 UL-94, 1/8"              UL-94                      V-0        V-0     V-0          V0
 t1 + t2                              sec.            8          8       7           8
 MFI, 230oC/3.8kg         ASTM D1238 g/10 min        9.1        13.8    25.4        20.9
 HDT                      ASTM D648 °C               74.0       74.0    66.3        72.5
 Vicat                    ASTM D1525 °C             103.1      100.8    90.1        97.3
 N-Izod Impact Strength   ASTM D256 ft-lb/in         1.86       1.70    1.27        1.12
 Tensile Strength         ASTM D638   psi x10^3      4.9        4.7     4.3         4.4
 Tensile Modulus          ASTM D638   psi x10^5      3.1        3.1     3.3         3.3
 Flexural Strength        ASTM D790   psi x10^3      9.2        9.0     7.9         9.0
 Flexural Modulus         ASTM D790   psi x10^5      3.2        3.0     3.3         3.3




12
Key Properties vs. other FR’s                                                                                   www.albemarle.com
                                                                                                                               www.albemarle.com


             psi x10³               ft-lb/in                                                Temp °C                   g / 10 min
     6

                                                                             120
     5
                                                                             100
     4
                                                                              80

     3
                                                                              60


     2                                                                        40


                                                                              20
     1

                                                                                0
     0                                                                                           Vicat               Melt Flow
         T ensile Strength       Izod Impact
                             GreenArmor                     TTBPT                       TBBPA                  BEO


                                                            Capillary Melt Stability @ 250oC, 500 sec-1
                                                  200

                                                  180

          Best performance                        160
                                                                                                                GreenArmor
          with GreenArmor !                       140                                                           TTBPT
                                          Visc.




                                                  120                                                           TBBPA
                                                                                                                BEO
                                                  100

                                                  80

                                                  60
                                                        5   10        15        20        25        30    35
                                                                            Time, min
13
FR ABS -- Color Stability                            www.albemarle.com
                                                                              www.albemarle.com


         ABS Extrudates from capillary rheometer @ 250° for varying residence time
                                                       C

                   Time, Min   GreenArmor   TTBPT   TBBPA       BEO




Best Color retention
 with GreenArmor !




14
in Styrenics - Summary                www.albemarle.com
                                                                         www.albemarle.com




      GreenArmor is well suited for use in HIPS
     and ABS
       Imparts high melt flow as it is melt-blendable
       Imparts great impact strength
       Provides great thermal resistance in HIPS and ABS
       Provides great melt stability in HIPS and ABS
       Has excellent mechanical properties in HIPS and ABS
       Performs well in various HIPS and ABS grades
       Exhibits excellent Recyclability
         HIPS containing GreenArmor retains its properties after six
         injection-molding cycles and after 168-hr humidity aging



15
www.albemarle.com




in Polyolefins
FR XL-EVA -- Comparison                                                                                  www.albemarle.com
                                                                                                                                               www.albemarle.com



                                                                                                                                   EVA
Ingredient                              Saytex 102E Saytex 8010 Saytex BT-93 GreenArmor
                                                                                                          600




                                                                                          Heat Release kW/m2
EVA                                         50           50          50          50                       500
Bright Sun HB ATO                            7            7           7           7                       400
Surface modified Calcined Al Silicate       19           19          19          19                       300
FR Loading (wt%)                            21           21          21          21                       200
40% Active Organic Peroxide                  3            3           3           3                       100
Specific Gravity                           1.41        1.41         1.39       1.37                            0
UL 94, 1/8 in                               V0          V0           V0         V0                                 1   51   101     151      201     251     301
                                                                                                                                  time (s)
UL 94, T1+T2 time, sec                      7.4         7.6         7.0         7.3
Tensile Strength, psi                      2090        2144        2109        2025
                                                                                                               GreenArmor
Ultimate Elongation, %                     205          199         173         200                            Saytex 8010
Dielectric Constant                        2.98        2.89         3.07       2.89                            Saytex 8010ZD
Dielectric Strength, V/mil                 507          545         533         511                            Saytex 102E
Volume Resistivity, Ohm-cm, 10^14          2.15        5.85        11.00       6.12                            Saytex BT-93




 17
FR PP Comparison                                                                                                www.albemarle.com
                                                                                                                                                               www.albemarle.com




Ingredient                         Saytex 102E   Saytex 8010 Saytex 8010ZD Saytex BT-93 GreenArmor
                                                                                                                          700




                                                                                                     Heat Release kW/m2
PP Copolymer                          56.8          56.8         56.8         56.8         56.8
                                                                                                                          600
FR Loading (wt%)                      22.0          22.0         22.0         22.0         22.0
                                                                                                                          500
Brightsun HB                           7.0          7.0          7.0          7.0          7.0
Talc                                  14.0          14.0         14.0         14.0         14.0
                                                                                                                          400
Ethanox 310                            0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1                            300
Ethaphos 368                           0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1          0.1                            200
Mechanical Properties                                                                                                     100
Specific Gravity                      1.27          1.27         1.26         1.26        1.25
Tensile Strength      psi X 10^3       2.5           2.3         3.5           2.8         2.7                              0
Tensile Modulus       psi X 10^5       4.4           4.2         4.1           4.4         4.5                                  1       51         101         151       201
Elongation @ Yield         %           3.3           3.2         4.5           2.3         2.3                                                       t (s)
Elongation @ Break         %          30.6          25.5         42.1          8.7         7.5
Flexural Strength     psi X 10^3       6.3           6.2         5.9           6.6         6.6
Flexural Modulus      psi X 10^5       3.3           3.3         3.0           3.2         3.5
                                                                                                                                    GreenArmor
Izod Impact             ft-lb/in      0.52          0.51         0.75         0.38        0.42                                      Saytex 8010
GLOSS                                 21.3          25.1         24.5         24.4        27.8
                                                                                                                                    Saytex 8010ZD
Therm al Properties
Melt Flow Index        g/10 min       4.0           3.9          3.6          3.4          6.2                                      Saytex 102E
HDT                        °C        119.5         120.8        114.7        118.7        115.3
                                                                                                                                    Saytex BT-93
VICAT                      °C        154.2         154.3        152.1        153.9        148.2
Electrical Properties
Dielectric Constant                   2.51          2.49         2.50         2.55        2.49
Dissipation Factor         %          1.47          1.81         3.14         1.84        3.60
Volume Resistivity      10^16         1.0           1.4          0.9          1.5         1.5
Surface Resistivity     10^16          3.8           4.6         3.3          10.2         6.4
Dielectric Strength      v/mil        534           533          541          561         647



18
FR TPE -- Comparison                                                                                              www.albemarle.com
                                                                                                                                                               www.albemarle.com




Ingredient                            Saytex 102E   Saytex 8010   Saytex 8010ZD   Saytex BT-93   GreenArmor

Polypropylene Copolymer                  45.4          45.4           45.4            45.4          45.4                           1200




                                                                                                              Heat Release kW/m2
Polyolefin Elastomer (C2-C4)             11.4          11.4           11.4            11.4          11.4
FR Loading (wt%)                         22.0          22.0           22.0            22.0          22.0                           1000
Brightsun HB ATO                          7.0           7.0            7.0            7.0           7.0                             800
Talc                                     14.0          14.0           14.0            14.0          14.0
Ethanox 310                               0.1           0.1            0.1            0.1           0.1                             600
Ethaphos 368                              0.1           0.1            0.1            0.1           0.1                             400
Mechanical Properties
Specific Gravity
                                                                                                                                    200
                                         1.28          1.26            1.26           1.24          1.24
Tensile Strength        psi X 10^3        3.1           3.0            3.0             3.3           3.3                              0
Elongation @ Yield             %          5.5           5.8            6.8             5.6           3.0                                  1        51            101     151
Elongation @ Break             %         113            360            362             14            67                                                   time
Flexural Strength       psi X 10^3        5.5           5.7            5.3             5.8           5.9
Flexural Modulus        psi X 10^5        2.6           2.2            2.0             2.6           3.5
Izod Impact                ft-lb/in      0.61          0.74            1.03           0.52          0.54
GLOSS                                    16.5          19.4            22.5           21.4          24.6
Therm al Properties
                                                                                                                                          GreenArmor
Melt Flow Index           g/10 min        3.7           3.7            4.1             3.2           6.7                                  Saytex 8010
HDT                            °C        102.7         99.6            94.5           102.6         104.5
                                                                                                                                          Saytex 8010ZD
VICAT                          °C        154.2         154.3          152.1           153.9         148.2
Electrical Properties                                                                                                                     Saytex 102E
Dielectric Constant                      2.48          2.49            2.46           2.49          2.46
                                                                                                                                          Saytex BT-93
Volume Resistivity         10^16         0.8            0.8            6.7            1.2           1.6
Surface Resistivity        10^16         3.4            2.6            2.8            5.1           5.9
Dielectric Strength         v/mil        526            525            533             552          636




 19
in Polyolefins --Summary              www.albemarle.com
                                                                  www.albemarle.com




     GreenArmor is an excellent FR in Polyolefins and
     provides
       Good physical properties
       Comparable FR properties at lower Br content
          FR efficiency between Saytex 102E/8010 and Saytex BT-93
          Lower Peak HRR vs. other FR’s
       Equivalent or better electrical properties
       Improved processability
          Higher throughput




20
www.albemarle.com




in Polyamides
FR - 30% GF Polyamide 6/6 -- Comparison
                                                                                                      www.albemarle.com
                                                                                                        www.albemarle.com




                                                Saytex Saytex
Ingredient                           GreenArmor HP 3010 HP 7010   BrPS-1   BrPS-2   BrPS-3   BrPS-4   BrPS-5   BrPS-6
Br %                      Units          74%     68%     68%       59%      64%      64%      64%      66%      66%
FR Loading (Wt%)                         19.0     20.7    20.7     23.6     22.9     22.9     22.9     21.5     21.5
Brightsun HB Sb2O3                       6.3      6.3     6.3      6.3      6.3      6.3      6.3      6.3       6.3
PTFE Teflon 6C                           0.4      0.4     0.4      0.4      0.4      0.4      0.4      0.4       0.4
Flam mability
           LOI          % Oxygen         36.8     36.4    36.1     35.4     36.5     37.5     37.3     36.7     38.1
                          Rating         V-0      V-0     V-0      V-0      V-0      V-0      V-0      V-0       V-0
       UL-94 1/32"
                           sec            7        20     26       17       24       16       24        9         8
Physical Properties
     Specific Gravity     g/cm3          1.63     1.65    1.62     1.66     1.66     1.66     1.66     1.67     1.66
          Gloss            N/A           29.2     22.6    20.3     23.2     22.9     21.8     23.4     19.6     20.2
       Initial Color    YI (D1925)       20.9     15.8    18.9     18.0     17.4     20.3     13.2     21.7     10.4



             BrPS-1 thru BrPS-6: Competitive Brominated Polystyrene Products




22
FR 30% GF Polyamide 6/6 –Comparison
                                                                                                                                                                                              www.albemarle.com
                                                                                                                                                                                                www.albemarle.com


                    35.0

                                                                                                                                                                                                                 ' Break
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 @
                    30.0                                                                                     4
                                                                                                      3.5
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 ' Yield
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 @
                    25.0
                                                                                                             3




                                                                                      % Elongation
MFI (gms/10 min.)




                    20.0                                                                              2.5
                                                                                                             2
                    15.0                                                                              1.5
                                                                                                             1
                    10.0
                                                                                                      0.5
                      5.0                                                                                    0




                                                                                                                                                                                             FR-803P
                                                                                                                                                                        PBS-64HW
                                                                                                                                 HP 3010

                                                                                                                                           HP 7010

                                                                                                                                                     PDBS-80

                                                                                                                                                               PBS-64




                                                                                                                                                                                                       LMBS-66
                                                                                                                                                                                   CP-44HF
                                                                                                                    GreenArmor
                      0.0
                                             Melt Flow Index
                                                                        Best performance
                        2                                               with GreenArmor !                         100
                      1.8
                                                                                                                   90
                      1.6
                                                                                                                   80
                      1.4
                                                                                                                   70
                      1.2
                                                                                                                   60
          ft-lb/in.




                                                                                                     in. lb.in.
                        1
                                                                                                                   50
                      0.8                                                                                          40
                      0.6                                                                                          30
                      0.4                                                                                          20
                      0.2                                                                                          10
                        0                                                                                           0
                                             Izod Impact                                                                                                          Gardner Impact



                            GreenArmor                         BrPS-1                BrPS-4
                            Saytex HP-3010                     BrPS-2                BrPS-5
                            Saytex HP-7010                     BrPS-3                BrPS-6

               23
FR 30% GF Polyamide 6,6
                                Comparison of Rheology                        www.albemarle.com
                                                                                www.albemarle.com


                                       Shear Sweep @ 280C

                   300
                                                                               GreenArmor


                   250                                                         Saytex HP 3010


                                                                               Saytex HP 7010
Viscosity (Pa-s)




                   200
                                                                               BrPS-1


                   150                                                         BrPS-2


                                                                               BrPS-3
                   100
                                                                               BrPS-4


                    50                                                         BrPS-5


                                                                               BrPS-6
                     0
                         7297   4998        3004        997   499
                                          Rate (1/s)
                                                                    Lowest Viscosity
                                                                    with GreenArmor !




          24
in Polyamides- Summary   www.albemarle.com
                                                        www.albemarle.com




     GreenArmor is an excellent FR in Polyamides
     and provides
       Comparable or better mechanical properties
       Low melt viscosity
       Comparable FR properties at lower Br content
         Lower loadings than other BrPS products
       Better Impact properties
       Better Gloss
       Equivalent or better electrical properties
       Improved processability
         Higher throughput


25
www.albemarle.com




in Polyesters
FR- 30% GF PBT -- Comparison                                                                       www.albemarle.com
                                                                                                                         www.albemarle.com




                                               Saytex Saytex       Saytex                                               Saytex
     FR                                GA      PBT-620 8010        BT-93W   BrPS-1   BrPS-2   BrPS-3   FR-1    FR-2      120      FR-3
     Br %                              74%      54%    82%          67%      59%      64%      64%     58%     71%       82%      53%
     FR Loading (wt%)                  11.0     15.0   10.0         12.0     13.6     12.8     12.8    14.1    11.5      10.0        15.4
     Brightsun HB Antimony Oxide        5.0      5.0    5.0          5.0      5.0      5.0      5.0     5.0     5.0       5.0      5.0
     PTFE Teflon 6C                     0.4      0.4    0.4          0.4      0.4      0.4      0.4     0.4     0.4       0.4      0.4

                                                 Saytex   Saytex   Saytex                                               Saytex
     Flammability           Units        GA     PBT-620    8010    BT-93W   BrPS-1   BrPS-2   BrPS-3   FR-1    FR-2      120      FR-3
     LOI                   % Oxygen     33.1     31.8     33.5      32.9     32.0     31.2     31.5    33.6    32.6      32.4    33.3
                           Pass/Fail    V-0      V-0      V-0       V-0      V-0      V-0      V-0     V-0     V-0       V-0     V-0
     UL-94 1/32"
                           seconds       7        8        8         8        8        9        8       8       10        9       9

                                                 Saytex   Saytex   Saytex                                               Saytex
     Physical Properties    Units        GA     PBT-620    8010    BT-93W   BrPS-1   BrPS-2   BrPS-3   FR-1    FR-2      120      FR-3
     Specific Gravity       g/cm3      1.68     1.67      1.70      1.73    1.70      1.69    1.69     1.72    1.67     1.72     1.67
     Gloss                   n/a       29.1     14.3      14.7      15.2    13.7      11.8    11.3     22.1    21.5      17      13.8
     Initial Color            YI       14.80    11.40     13.37     21.35   14.27    14.92    16.10    12.95   13.08    13.66    13.34



27
FR 30% GF PBT - Comparison                                                                                      www.albemarle.com
                                                                                                                                                   www.albemarle.com

                                                  Gloss                                                                        Melt Flow Index

                            30
                                                                                                                20.0
                            25                                                                                  18.0




                                                                                  Melt Flow Index (g/10 min.)
                                                                                                                16.0
                            20
                                                                                                                14.0
                    Gloss




                            15
                                                                                                                12.0
                                                                                                                10.0
                            10                                                                                   8.0
                                                                                                                 6.0
                             5
                                                                                                                 4.0

                             0                                                                                   2.0
                                                                                                                 0.0
                                           HDT @ 120 C/hr.
                                                                                                                               Izod Impact


                  240.0                                                                      1.5

                  210.0                                                                      1.3

                  180.0                                                                      1.1
Temperature (C)




                  150.0                                                                      0.9
                                                                      ft-lb/in.
                  120.0                                                                      0.7

                   90.0                                                                      0.5

                   60.0                                                                      0.3

                   30.0                                                                      0.1

                    0.0                                                               -0.1

                                 GreenArmor                  BrPS-1                                                    FR-2
                                 Saytex PBT-620              BrPS-2                                                    Saytex 120
                                 Saytex 8010                 BrPS-3                                                    FR-3
                                 Saytex BT-93W               FR-1
28
Fr 30% GF PBT
                                   Comparison of Rheology                                             www.albemarle.com
                                                                                                        www.albemarle.com




                                         Capillary Rheology - Melt Stability - 250 C

                             700

                             600

                             500
         Viscosity (1/sec)




                             400

                             300

                             200

                             100                                                                   Lowest Viscosity
                                                                                                   with GreenArmor !
                               0
                                   6.2      12.5               18.5       24.5                31
                                                            Time (min.)


     GreenArmor                                    BrPS-1                        FR-2
     Saytex PBT-620                                BrPS-2                        Saytex 120
     Saytex 8010                                   BrPS-3                        FR-3
     Saytex BT-93W                                 FR-1



29
FR 30% GF- PET -- Comparison                                                       www.albemarle.com
                                                                                                   www.albemarle.com




                                    Saytex HP- Saytex HP- Saytex BT-
 Ingredient                         3010G/PST 7010G          93W Saytex 120 BrPS-1   BrPS-2   FR-1   GreenArmor
 PET (45% Glass-filled)                 34         34         34      31      37       36      34        33
 PET (30% Glass-filled)                48.6       48.6       48.6    53.6    43.8     45.8    49.1      50.6
 FR Loading (wt%)                       12         12         12      10     13.8     12.8    11.5       11
 Sodium Antimonate                       5         5           5       5       5        5       5         5
 PTFE                                   0.4       0.4         0.4     0.4     0.4      0.4     0.4       0.4
 LOI                      % Oxygen 27.5           27.5       31.7     31     29.3     29.6    30.1      30.6
 UL-94                    Pass/Fail    V-0        V-0        V-0     V-0      V-0     V-0      V-0       V-0
 t1+t2                    seconds       14         11         11      13      34       13       8        11




30
FR 30% GF PET -- Comparison                                                                                                                        www.albemarle.com
                                                                                                                                                                                             www.albemarle.com


                                                             Melt Flow Index                                                                                Notched IZOD

                                     12.0                                                                                              1.50
                                     10.0
                    MFI (g/10 min)




                                      8.0
                                                                                                                                       1.00




                                                                                                                            ft-lb/in
                                      6.0
                                      4.0                                                                                              0.50
                                      2.0
                                      0.0
                                                                                                                                       0.00
                Saytex HP-3010G/PST                        Saytex HP-7010G        Saytex BT-93W
                                                                                                                              Saytex HP-3010G/PST           Saytex HP-7010G           Saytex BT-93W
                Saytex 120                                 BrPS-1                 BrPS-2                                      Saytex 120                    BrPS-1                    BrPS-2
                FR-1                                       GreenArmor
                                                                                                                              FR-1                          GreenArmor




                     300                                                                                                    300
Viscosity (1/sec)




                     250                                                                                                    250
                     200
                                                                                                         Viscosity (Pa-s)
                                                                                                                            200
                     150
                                                                                                                            150
                     100
                      50                                                                                                    100
                       0                                                                                                       50
                                            6.1            12.4         18.5      24.6            30.7                             0
                                                                    Time (min)                                                                7300       4500           2000        1000         500
                                                                                                                                                                     Rate (1/sec)
                                     Saytex HP-3010G/PST        Saytex HP-7010G        Saytex BT-93W
                                     Saytex 120                 BrPS-1                 BrPS-2                                      Saytex HP-3010G/PST          Saytex HP-7010G         Saytex BT-93W
                                                                                                                                   Saytex 120                   BrPS-1                  BrPS-2
                                     FR-1                       GreenArmor                                                         FR-1                         GreenArmor



       31
FR 30% GF PET
                                    Electrical Properties                                                  www.albemarle.com
                                                                                                             www.albemarle.com




                                     Saytex HP- Saytex HP- Saytex BT-
Ingredient                           3010G/PST 7010G          93W     Saytex 120 BrPS-1      BrPS-2      FR-1 GreenArmor
PET (45% Glass-filled)                    34         34         34         31         37        36         34         33
PET (30% Glass-filled)                  48.6        48.6       48.6      53.6        43.8      45.8      49.1        50.6
FR Loading (w t%)                         12         12         12         10        13.8      12.8      11.5         11
Sodium Antimonate                          5          5          5          5          5         5          5          5
PTFE                                     0.4         0.4        0.4       0.4         0.4       0.4       0.4         0.4
Dielectric Strength           kV/mm    19.49       20.08      18.40      17.67      19.50     19.29      17.77      16.07
Dielectric Constant            N/A     3.649       3.757      3.846      3.787      3.727     3.728      3.780      3.780
Comparative Tracking Index     Volts     225        200        200        200        200       200        175        200
Volume Resistivity           ohm-cm 1.00x10E15 1.02x10E15 7.84x10E14 8.62x10E14 1.32x10E15 1.12x10E15 1.01x10E15 1.18x10E15
Surface Resistivity          ohm-cm 1.19x10E16 2.52x10E15 4.24x10E15 1.07x10E16 1.65x10E16 1.19x10E16 3.89x10E15 6.15x10E15
Dissipation Factor             N/A     0.0126     0.0181     0.0057     0.0032     0.0055    0.0067     0.0161     0.0176




32
in GF Polyesters - Summary
                                                      www.albemarle.com
                                                        www.albemarle.com




     GreenArmor is an excellent FR in PBT and PET
     and provides
       Comparable or better mechanical properties
       Low melt viscosity
       Comparable FR properties at lower Br content
         Lower loadings than other BrPS products
       Equivalent or better electrical properties
       Better Gloss
       Improved processability
         Higher throughput




33
Registration & Environmental Profile                            www.albemarle.com
                                                                          www.albemarle.com




     Registration
       Testing under way
       Global registration targeted to finalize by mid 2010
       Japan by end-2010


     Mammalian toxicology
       Low concern due to polymeric nature of GreenArmor

     Bioaccumulation
       Not expected to bio-accumulate given its polymeric nature (based on model
       evaluation)

     Ecotoxicity
       Expected to be non-toxic to aquatic organisms (based on model evaluation)


34
Commercialization Timeline & Sampling                               www.albemarle.com
                                                                           www.albemarle.com




     Completed applications testing
     Commercial production Scope defined
     Completed patent filings
     Global Product Registration nearing completion
     Product introduction underway
     Commercial Production start-up 4Q2010
     Samples requests - please contact your Albemarle Sales
     Representative
       Limited sample quantities until 4Q10 when large scale samples will be available




35
Summary                      www.albemarle.com
                                                         www.albemarle.com




     GreenArmor is a high performing polymeric fire safety
      solutions that is …



                     Environmentally friendly
                     Sustainable
                     Recyclable
                     Melt blendable (Efficiency !)
                     Better performing
                     Thermally stable
                    (Aesthetics!)
                     Color stable
36

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A New Sustainable Polymeric Fire Safety Solution for Thermoplastics and Elastomers

  • 1. www.albemarle.com A New Sustainable Polymeric Fire Safety Solution for Thermoplastics and Elastomers 21st Annual Conference on Recent Advances on Flame Retardancy of Polymeric Materials May 24, 2010 Kumar G. Kumar, Arthur Mack, Douglas Luther, Vijay Kotian and Bo Liu Albemarle Corporation
  • 2. Agenda www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com Why a new Flame Retardant? What is GreenArmor? How well does GreenArmor perform in Styrenics Polyolefins Polyamides Polyesters Registration status Commercialization timeline Sampling Summary 2
  • 3. Why a New Flame Retardant? www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com Growing need for efficient fire safety solutions that are… Environmentally friendly Sustainable Recyclable Melt blendable (Efficiency !) In a single Better performing package Thermally stable (Aesthetics !) Color stable 3
  • 4. What is www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com New Generation Polymeric Flame Retardant (MW > 1000) High Bromine content Better FR efficiency Melt-blendable Can be used in both thermoplastic and thermoset polymers Has excellent mechanical and electrical properties Offers better thermal and color stability Has excellent recyclability Is offered in a low-color, non-dusting pellet form Supports VECAP 4
  • 5. Typical Properties www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com Property GreenArmor Specific Gravity 2.4 Bromine Content ≥74 % Glass Transition Temperature (by DSC) 122°C TGA, (10 °C / min under N2) 1% weight loss 303°C 5% weight loss 355°C 10% weight loss 369°C 5
  • 7. Properties Comparison of in HIPS www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com In a General-Purpose Injection Molding HIPS resin: FR GreenArmor TTBPT Saytex 8010 BEO Br % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 Antimony Trioxide % 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 Properties Units UL-94, 1/8" UL-94 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 t1 + t2 sec. 12 11 8 9 o MFI, 200 C/ 5kg ASTM D1238 g/10 min 14.7 18.1 9.7 25.8 HDT ASTM D648 ° C 70.6 70.1 71.4 66.5 Vicat ASTM D1525 °C 97.2 94.8 96.8 90.1 N-Izod Impact Strength ASTM D256 ft-lb/in 1.63 1.66 1.03 1.21 Tensile Strength ASTM D638 psi x10^3 3.2 3.1 3.0 3.0 Tensile Modulus ASTM D638 psi x10^5 2.9 2.8 3.1 2.9 Elongation at yield ASTM D638 % 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.2 Elongation at Break ASTM D638 % 19.3 28.2 7.8 18.6 Flexural Strength ASTM D790 psi x10^3 6.8 6.6 5.7 6.4 Flexural Modulus ASTM D790 psi x10^5 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.4 TTBPT: Tris-tribromophenoxy triazine BEO: Brominated Epoxy Oligomer 7
  • 8. in HIPS Key Properties vs. other FR’s www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com Best performance with GreenArmor ! Temp °C 100 3.5 psi x10³ 3.0 80 2.5 ft-lb/in 60 2.0 1.5 40 g / 10 min 1.0 20 0.5 0.0 0 Vicat Melt Flow Index Tensile Strength Izod Impact 8 GreenArmor TTBPT Saytex 8010 BEO
  • 9. in HIPS Melt Stability vs. other FR’s www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com o -1 Capillary Melt Stability @ 250 C, 500 sec 140 130 120 110 Visc Pa-s. 100 90 80 70 60 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 Time, min GreenArmor TTBPT Saytex 8010 BEO 9
  • 10. FR HIPS - Multi-Pass Recycle Results www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com MFI VICAT 35 100 30 95 25 Vicat MFI 20 90 15 85 10 5 80 0 2 4 6 0 2 4 6 Molding Cycle # Molding Cycle # Izod Best performance 2.5 with GreenArmor ! 2.0 Impact 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 2 4 6 Molding Cycle # NEAT GreenArmor TTBPT Saytex 8010 BEO 10
  • 11. FR HIPS - Humidity Aging Results www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com 30 98 25 96 20 94 Vicat, C 92 MFI 15 90 10 88 5 86 0 Neat GreenArmor TTBPT Saytex 8010 BEO Neat GreenArmor TTBPT Saytex 8010 BEO non-aged non-aged after 1st molding non-aged 100% aged 30% aged/70% non-aged 100% aged 30% aged/70% non-aged 3.0 2.5 2.0 Impact 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 Neat GreenArmor TTBPT Saytex 8010 BEO non-aged 100% aged 30% aged/70% non-aged 11
  • 12. GreenArmor Properties Comparison in ABS www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com In a General-Purpose Injection Molding ABS resin: FR GreenArmor TTBPT TBBPA BEO Br % 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 Antimony Trioxide % 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 Properties Units UL-94, 1/8" UL-94 V-0 V-0 V-0 V0 t1 + t2 sec. 8 8 7 8 MFI, 230oC/3.8kg ASTM D1238 g/10 min 9.1 13.8 25.4 20.9 HDT ASTM D648 °C 74.0 74.0 66.3 72.5 Vicat ASTM D1525 °C 103.1 100.8 90.1 97.3 N-Izod Impact Strength ASTM D256 ft-lb/in 1.86 1.70 1.27 1.12 Tensile Strength ASTM D638 psi x10^3 4.9 4.7 4.3 4.4 Tensile Modulus ASTM D638 psi x10^5 3.1 3.1 3.3 3.3 Flexural Strength ASTM D790 psi x10^3 9.2 9.0 7.9 9.0 Flexural Modulus ASTM D790 psi x10^5 3.2 3.0 3.3 3.3 12
  • 13. Key Properties vs. other FR’s www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com psi x10³ ft-lb/in Temp °C g / 10 min 6 120 5 100 4 80 3 60 2 40 20 1 0 0 Vicat Melt Flow T ensile Strength Izod Impact GreenArmor TTBPT TBBPA BEO Capillary Melt Stability @ 250oC, 500 sec-1 200 180 Best performance 160 GreenArmor with GreenArmor ! 140 TTBPT Visc. 120 TBBPA BEO 100 80 60 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 Time, min 13
  • 14. FR ABS -- Color Stability www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com ABS Extrudates from capillary rheometer @ 250° for varying residence time C Time, Min GreenArmor TTBPT TBBPA BEO Best Color retention with GreenArmor ! 14
  • 15. in Styrenics - Summary www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com GreenArmor is well suited for use in HIPS and ABS Imparts high melt flow as it is melt-blendable Imparts great impact strength Provides great thermal resistance in HIPS and ABS Provides great melt stability in HIPS and ABS Has excellent mechanical properties in HIPS and ABS Performs well in various HIPS and ABS grades Exhibits excellent Recyclability HIPS containing GreenArmor retains its properties after six injection-molding cycles and after 168-hr humidity aging 15
  • 17. FR XL-EVA -- Comparison www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com EVA Ingredient Saytex 102E Saytex 8010 Saytex BT-93 GreenArmor 600 Heat Release kW/m2 EVA 50 50 50 50 500 Bright Sun HB ATO 7 7 7 7 400 Surface modified Calcined Al Silicate 19 19 19 19 300 FR Loading (wt%) 21 21 21 21 200 40% Active Organic Peroxide 3 3 3 3 100 Specific Gravity 1.41 1.41 1.39 1.37 0 UL 94, 1/8 in V0 V0 V0 V0 1 51 101 151 201 251 301 time (s) UL 94, T1+T2 time, sec 7.4 7.6 7.0 7.3 Tensile Strength, psi 2090 2144 2109 2025 GreenArmor Ultimate Elongation, % 205 199 173 200 Saytex 8010 Dielectric Constant 2.98 2.89 3.07 2.89 Saytex 8010ZD Dielectric Strength, V/mil 507 545 533 511 Saytex 102E Volume Resistivity, Ohm-cm, 10^14 2.15 5.85 11.00 6.12 Saytex BT-93 17
  • 18. FR PP Comparison www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com Ingredient Saytex 102E Saytex 8010 Saytex 8010ZD Saytex BT-93 GreenArmor 700 Heat Release kW/m2 PP Copolymer 56.8 56.8 56.8 56.8 56.8 600 FR Loading (wt%) 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.0 500 Brightsun HB 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 Talc 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0 400 Ethanox 310 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 300 Ethaphos 368 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 200 Mechanical Properties 100 Specific Gravity 1.27 1.27 1.26 1.26 1.25 Tensile Strength psi X 10^3 2.5 2.3 3.5 2.8 2.7 0 Tensile Modulus psi X 10^5 4.4 4.2 4.1 4.4 4.5 1 51 101 151 201 Elongation @ Yield % 3.3 3.2 4.5 2.3 2.3 t (s) Elongation @ Break % 30.6 25.5 42.1 8.7 7.5 Flexural Strength psi X 10^3 6.3 6.2 5.9 6.6 6.6 Flexural Modulus psi X 10^5 3.3 3.3 3.0 3.2 3.5 GreenArmor Izod Impact ft-lb/in 0.52 0.51 0.75 0.38 0.42 Saytex 8010 GLOSS 21.3 25.1 24.5 24.4 27.8 Saytex 8010ZD Therm al Properties Melt Flow Index g/10 min 4.0 3.9 3.6 3.4 6.2 Saytex 102E HDT °C 119.5 120.8 114.7 118.7 115.3 Saytex BT-93 VICAT °C 154.2 154.3 152.1 153.9 148.2 Electrical Properties Dielectric Constant 2.51 2.49 2.50 2.55 2.49 Dissipation Factor % 1.47 1.81 3.14 1.84 3.60 Volume Resistivity 10^16 1.0 1.4 0.9 1.5 1.5 Surface Resistivity 10^16 3.8 4.6 3.3 10.2 6.4 Dielectric Strength v/mil 534 533 541 561 647 18
  • 19. FR TPE -- Comparison www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com Ingredient Saytex 102E Saytex 8010 Saytex 8010ZD Saytex BT-93 GreenArmor Polypropylene Copolymer 45.4 45.4 45.4 45.4 45.4 1200 Heat Release kW/m2 Polyolefin Elastomer (C2-C4) 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 FR Loading (wt%) 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.0 1000 Brightsun HB ATO 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 800 Talc 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0 Ethanox 310 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 600 Ethaphos 368 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 400 Mechanical Properties Specific Gravity 200 1.28 1.26 1.26 1.24 1.24 Tensile Strength psi X 10^3 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.3 0 Elongation @ Yield % 5.5 5.8 6.8 5.6 3.0 1 51 101 151 Elongation @ Break % 113 360 362 14 67 time Flexural Strength psi X 10^3 5.5 5.7 5.3 5.8 5.9 Flexural Modulus psi X 10^5 2.6 2.2 2.0 2.6 3.5 Izod Impact ft-lb/in 0.61 0.74 1.03 0.52 0.54 GLOSS 16.5 19.4 22.5 21.4 24.6 Therm al Properties GreenArmor Melt Flow Index g/10 min 3.7 3.7 4.1 3.2 6.7 Saytex 8010 HDT °C 102.7 99.6 94.5 102.6 104.5 Saytex 8010ZD VICAT °C 154.2 154.3 152.1 153.9 148.2 Electrical Properties Saytex 102E Dielectric Constant 2.48 2.49 2.46 2.49 2.46 Saytex BT-93 Volume Resistivity 10^16 0.8 0.8 6.7 1.2 1.6 Surface Resistivity 10^16 3.4 2.6 2.8 5.1 5.9 Dielectric Strength v/mil 526 525 533 552 636 19
  • 20. in Polyolefins --Summary www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com GreenArmor is an excellent FR in Polyolefins and provides Good physical properties Comparable FR properties at lower Br content FR efficiency between Saytex 102E/8010 and Saytex BT-93 Lower Peak HRR vs. other FR’s Equivalent or better electrical properties Improved processability Higher throughput 20
  • 22. FR - 30% GF Polyamide 6/6 -- Comparison www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com Saytex Saytex Ingredient GreenArmor HP 3010 HP 7010 BrPS-1 BrPS-2 BrPS-3 BrPS-4 BrPS-5 BrPS-6 Br % Units 74% 68% 68% 59% 64% 64% 64% 66% 66% FR Loading (Wt%) 19.0 20.7 20.7 23.6 22.9 22.9 22.9 21.5 21.5 Brightsun HB Sb2O3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 PTFE Teflon 6C 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 Flam mability LOI % Oxygen 36.8 36.4 36.1 35.4 36.5 37.5 37.3 36.7 38.1 Rating V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 UL-94 1/32" sec 7 20 26 17 24 16 24 9 8 Physical Properties Specific Gravity g/cm3 1.63 1.65 1.62 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.67 1.66 Gloss N/A 29.2 22.6 20.3 23.2 22.9 21.8 23.4 19.6 20.2 Initial Color YI (D1925) 20.9 15.8 18.9 18.0 17.4 20.3 13.2 21.7 10.4 BrPS-1 thru BrPS-6: Competitive Brominated Polystyrene Products 22
  • 23. FR 30% GF Polyamide 6/6 –Comparison www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com 35.0 ' Break @ 30.0 4 3.5 ' Yield @ 25.0 3 % Elongation MFI (gms/10 min.) 20.0 2.5 2 15.0 1.5 1 10.0 0.5 5.0 0 FR-803P PBS-64HW HP 3010 HP 7010 PDBS-80 PBS-64 LMBS-66 CP-44HF GreenArmor 0.0 Melt Flow Index Best performance 2 with GreenArmor ! 100 1.8 90 1.6 80 1.4 70 1.2 60 ft-lb/in. in. lb.in. 1 50 0.8 40 0.6 30 0.4 20 0.2 10 0 0 Izod Impact Gardner Impact GreenArmor BrPS-1 BrPS-4 Saytex HP-3010 BrPS-2 BrPS-5 Saytex HP-7010 BrPS-3 BrPS-6 23
  • 24. FR 30% GF Polyamide 6,6 Comparison of Rheology www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com Shear Sweep @ 280C 300 GreenArmor 250 Saytex HP 3010 Saytex HP 7010 Viscosity (Pa-s) 200 BrPS-1 150 BrPS-2 BrPS-3 100 BrPS-4 50 BrPS-5 BrPS-6 0 7297 4998 3004 997 499 Rate (1/s) Lowest Viscosity with GreenArmor ! 24
  • 25. in Polyamides- Summary www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com GreenArmor is an excellent FR in Polyamides and provides Comparable or better mechanical properties Low melt viscosity Comparable FR properties at lower Br content Lower loadings than other BrPS products Better Impact properties Better Gloss Equivalent or better electrical properties Improved processability Higher throughput 25
  • 27. FR- 30% GF PBT -- Comparison www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com Saytex Saytex Saytex Saytex FR GA PBT-620 8010 BT-93W BrPS-1 BrPS-2 BrPS-3 FR-1 FR-2 120 FR-3 Br % 74% 54% 82% 67% 59% 64% 64% 58% 71% 82% 53% FR Loading (wt%) 11.0 15.0 10.0 12.0 13.6 12.8 12.8 14.1 11.5 10.0 15.4 Brightsun HB Antimony Oxide 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 PTFE Teflon 6C 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 Saytex Saytex Saytex Saytex Flammability Units GA PBT-620 8010 BT-93W BrPS-1 BrPS-2 BrPS-3 FR-1 FR-2 120 FR-3 LOI % Oxygen 33.1 31.8 33.5 32.9 32.0 31.2 31.5 33.6 32.6 32.4 33.3 Pass/Fail V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 UL-94 1/32" seconds 7 8 8 8 8 9 8 8 10 9 9 Saytex Saytex Saytex Saytex Physical Properties Units GA PBT-620 8010 BT-93W BrPS-1 BrPS-2 BrPS-3 FR-1 FR-2 120 FR-3 Specific Gravity g/cm3 1.68 1.67 1.70 1.73 1.70 1.69 1.69 1.72 1.67 1.72 1.67 Gloss n/a 29.1 14.3 14.7 15.2 13.7 11.8 11.3 22.1 21.5 17 13.8 Initial Color YI 14.80 11.40 13.37 21.35 14.27 14.92 16.10 12.95 13.08 13.66 13.34 27
  • 28. FR 30% GF PBT - Comparison www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com Gloss Melt Flow Index 30 20.0 25 18.0 Melt Flow Index (g/10 min.) 16.0 20 14.0 Gloss 15 12.0 10.0 10 8.0 6.0 5 4.0 0 2.0 0.0 HDT @ 120 C/hr. Izod Impact 240.0 1.5 210.0 1.3 180.0 1.1 Temperature (C) 150.0 0.9 ft-lb/in. 120.0 0.7 90.0 0.5 60.0 0.3 30.0 0.1 0.0 -0.1 GreenArmor BrPS-1 FR-2 Saytex PBT-620 BrPS-2 Saytex 120 Saytex 8010 BrPS-3 FR-3 Saytex BT-93W FR-1 28
  • 29. Fr 30% GF PBT Comparison of Rheology www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com Capillary Rheology - Melt Stability - 250 C 700 600 500 Viscosity (1/sec) 400 300 200 100 Lowest Viscosity with GreenArmor ! 0 6.2 12.5 18.5 24.5 31 Time (min.) GreenArmor BrPS-1 FR-2 Saytex PBT-620 BrPS-2 Saytex 120 Saytex 8010 BrPS-3 FR-3 Saytex BT-93W FR-1 29
  • 30. FR 30% GF- PET -- Comparison www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com Saytex HP- Saytex HP- Saytex BT- Ingredient 3010G/PST 7010G 93W Saytex 120 BrPS-1 BrPS-2 FR-1 GreenArmor PET (45% Glass-filled) 34 34 34 31 37 36 34 33 PET (30% Glass-filled) 48.6 48.6 48.6 53.6 43.8 45.8 49.1 50.6 FR Loading (wt%) 12 12 12 10 13.8 12.8 11.5 11 Sodium Antimonate 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 PTFE 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 LOI % Oxygen 27.5 27.5 31.7 31 29.3 29.6 30.1 30.6 UL-94 Pass/Fail V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 t1+t2 seconds 14 11 11 13 34 13 8 11 30
  • 31. FR 30% GF PET -- Comparison www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com Melt Flow Index Notched IZOD 12.0 1.50 10.0 MFI (g/10 min) 8.0 1.00 ft-lb/in 6.0 4.0 0.50 2.0 0.0 0.00 Saytex HP-3010G/PST Saytex HP-7010G Saytex BT-93W Saytex HP-3010G/PST Saytex HP-7010G Saytex BT-93W Saytex 120 BrPS-1 BrPS-2 Saytex 120 BrPS-1 BrPS-2 FR-1 GreenArmor FR-1 GreenArmor 300 300 Viscosity (1/sec) 250 250 200 Viscosity (Pa-s) 200 150 150 100 50 100 0 50 6.1 12.4 18.5 24.6 30.7 0 Time (min) 7300 4500 2000 1000 500 Rate (1/sec) Saytex HP-3010G/PST Saytex HP-7010G Saytex BT-93W Saytex 120 BrPS-1 BrPS-2 Saytex HP-3010G/PST Saytex HP-7010G Saytex BT-93W Saytex 120 BrPS-1 BrPS-2 FR-1 GreenArmor FR-1 GreenArmor 31
  • 32. FR 30% GF PET Electrical Properties www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com Saytex HP- Saytex HP- Saytex BT- Ingredient 3010G/PST 7010G 93W Saytex 120 BrPS-1 BrPS-2 FR-1 GreenArmor PET (45% Glass-filled) 34 34 34 31 37 36 34 33 PET (30% Glass-filled) 48.6 48.6 48.6 53.6 43.8 45.8 49.1 50.6 FR Loading (w t%) 12 12 12 10 13.8 12.8 11.5 11 Sodium Antimonate 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 PTFE 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 Dielectric Strength kV/mm 19.49 20.08 18.40 17.67 19.50 19.29 17.77 16.07 Dielectric Constant N/A 3.649 3.757 3.846 3.787 3.727 3.728 3.780 3.780 Comparative Tracking Index Volts 225 200 200 200 200 200 175 200 Volume Resistivity ohm-cm 1.00x10E15 1.02x10E15 7.84x10E14 8.62x10E14 1.32x10E15 1.12x10E15 1.01x10E15 1.18x10E15 Surface Resistivity ohm-cm 1.19x10E16 2.52x10E15 4.24x10E15 1.07x10E16 1.65x10E16 1.19x10E16 3.89x10E15 6.15x10E15 Dissipation Factor N/A 0.0126 0.0181 0.0057 0.0032 0.0055 0.0067 0.0161 0.0176 32
  • 33. in GF Polyesters - Summary www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com GreenArmor is an excellent FR in PBT and PET and provides Comparable or better mechanical properties Low melt viscosity Comparable FR properties at lower Br content Lower loadings than other BrPS products Equivalent or better electrical properties Better Gloss Improved processability Higher throughput 33
  • 34. Registration & Environmental Profile www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com Registration Testing under way Global registration targeted to finalize by mid 2010 Japan by end-2010 Mammalian toxicology Low concern due to polymeric nature of GreenArmor Bioaccumulation Not expected to bio-accumulate given its polymeric nature (based on model evaluation) Ecotoxicity Expected to be non-toxic to aquatic organisms (based on model evaluation) 34
  • 35. Commercialization Timeline & Sampling www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com Completed applications testing Commercial production Scope defined Completed patent filings Global Product Registration nearing completion Product introduction underway Commercial Production start-up 4Q2010 Samples requests - please contact your Albemarle Sales Representative Limited sample quantities until 4Q10 when large scale samples will be available 35
  • 36. Summary www.albemarle.com www.albemarle.com GreenArmor is a high performing polymeric fire safety solutions that is … Environmentally friendly Sustainable Recyclable Melt blendable (Efficiency !) Better performing Thermally stable (Aesthetics!) Color stable 36