It Contains information about fourth Generation. The history of wireless communication till fourth generation. It contains details about multiplexing TDMA, FDMA, CDMA, OFDM.

1. Fourth Generation 4G Silver Oak College of Engineering & Technology Deep Mehta 09IT50 Deep Mehta

2. Fourth Generation 4G(Part-I) Silver Oak College of Engineering & Technology Deep Mehta 09IT50 Deep Mehta

3. Content History of Wireless Communication. Working of Different Access Channels Used in Communication. Deep Mehta

4. History of Wireless Communication There are 4 different types of Generation developed and they are as follows:- First Generation (1G) Second Generation (2G) Third Generation (3G) Fourth Generation (4G) Deep Mehta

5. First Generation (1G) Analog Telecommunication. AMPS. Upto 9.6 Kbps. Simplest type of wireless data communication. Deep Mehta

6. First Generation (1G)(AMPS)(1970-80) The 1G, or First Generation. 1G was an analog system, and was developed in the seventies, 1G had two major improvements, this was the invention of the microprocessor, and the digital transform of the control link between the phone and the cell site. Advance Mobile Phone System (AMPS) was first launched by the US and is a 1G mobile system. Based on FDMA, it allows users to make voice calls in 1 country. “1G was developed on the basis of IMTS & uses AMPS Technology” Deep Mehta

7. First Generation (1G)(AMPS)(1970-80) Services provided: Analog voice, Synchronous data upto 9.6 Kbps. Standards used: Advanced Mobile Phone Services(AMPS). Data Bandwidth: 1.9 Kbps Multiplexing: Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA). Core Network: Public Switched Telephone Nework (PSTN). “Short History of 1G Technology” Deep Mehta

8. Second Generation (2G) (GSM,CDMA,EDGE,TDMA)(1980 till today) Digital Signal GSM,CDMA,TDMA. Upto 14.4 Kbps. Bit Complex then 1G. Deep Mehta

9. Second Generation (2G) (GSM,CDMA,EDGE,TDMA)(1980 till today) 2G first appeared around the end of the 1980’s, the 2G system Digitized the voice signal, as well as the control link. This new digital system gave a lot better quality and much more capacity (i.e. more people could use there phones at the same time), all at a lower cost to the end consumer. Based on TDMA, the first commercial network for use by the public was the Global system for mobile communication (GSM). Allows Low power radio signals which Saves Batter. “Good voice quality & Mobile Saves Battery” Deep Mehta

10. Second Generation (2G) (GSM,CDMA,EDGE,TDMA)(1980 till today) Digital Data can be Compressed & Multiplexed much more effectively than Analog Voice Encoding Data. “Effective Data Encoding” Deep Mehta

11. Second Generation (2G)(GSM,CDMA,EDGE,TDMA)(1980 till today) Digital Voice Encoders Allows Better Error Checking. Better sound quality then 1G. Lowers Noise level as compared to 1G. Full Digital Data Transmission. Introduction of Short Message Service (SMS), E-Mail in this technology. “Good sound, less noise, new services introduced.” Deep Mehta

12. Second Generation (2G)(GSM,CDMA,EDGE,TDMA)(1980 till today) Disadvantage: Cell Towers have limited Coverage area. Abrupt call drops. Sound Reduction. Spotty Coverage. “limited coverage & less network strength.” Deep Mehta

13. Second Generation (2G) (GSM,CDMA,EDGE,TDMA)(1980 till today) Services: Digital Voice, Short Message Service (SMS), GPRS, E-Mail. Standards: Global System for Mobile(GSM), Code Division Multiple Access(CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access(TDMA). Data Bandwidth: 14.4 Kbps. Multiplexing: TDMA, CDMA. Core Network: Public Switched Telephone Network(PSTN). “Short info of 2G Technology.” Deep Mehta

14. Third Generation (3G) (UMTS,WCDMA,CDMA2000) (2000 till today) High Speed Data Transmission UMTS,WCDMA,CDMA2000 Upto 2 Mbps Higher Capacity then 2G & 1G Deep Mehta

15. Third Generation (3G) (UMTS,WCDMA,CDMA2000) (2000 till today) Larger Capacity & Broadband Capabilities. Allows the transmission of 384 Kbps to 2Mbps. 3G systems promise faster communications services, entailing voice, fax and Internet data transfer capabilities, the aim of 3G is to provide these services any time, anywhere throughout the globe, with seamless roaming between standards. Evolution of 2G & 2.5G technology. “Higher Capacity, Faster, Accurate, Global.” Deep Mehta

16. Third Generation (3G) (UMTS,WCDMA,CDMA2000) (2000 till today) ITU’s IMT-2000 is a global standard for 3G and has opened new doors to enabling innovative services and application for instance, multimedia entertainment, and location-based services, as well as a whole lot more. In 2001, Japan saw the first 3G network launched. 3G technology supports around 144 Kbps, with high speed movement, i.e. in a vehicle. 384 Kbps locally, and up to 2Mbps for fixed stations. “Location based service at high-speed.” Deep Mehta

17. Third Generation (3G) (UMTS,WCDMA,CDMA2000) (2000 till today) A greater number of user that can be simultaneously supported by a radio frequency bandwidth. High Data rates at lower increment cost than 2G. Global roaming. Greater use of smart phones & PDA(Personal Digital Assistant). Higher connectivity than 2G. Separate channel for Voice & Data. “Multi-user support, higher connectivity, diff. Channels.” Deep Mehta

18. Third Generation (3G) (UMTS,WCDMA,CDMA2000) (2000 till today) Services: Higher Capacity, Broadband Data upto 2Mbps. Standards: Wideband CDMA, CDMA2000. Data Bandwidth: 2 Mbps Multiplexing: CDMA Core Network: Packet Network. “Short info of 3G Technology.” Deep Mehta

19. Fourth Generation (4G) (OFDM) (2005 till today) Ultra High Speed Data Transmission OFDM From 100 Mbps to 1 Gbps. Will be the BEST. Deep Mehta

20. Fourth Generation (4G) (OFDM) (2005 till today) 4G will change the way we work, live and play. Cheap end user costs, fast, always on, reliable connectivity, where ever you are, what ever your doing. Some people view 3G as a stop gap until the real 4G network arrives, something which is due around 2010, and will impact every one, every where. 4G will provide unconceivable amounts of bandwidth to the palm of a user. “Will make world Dynamic, Fast, Easier to Access.” Deep Mehta

21. Fourth Generation (4G) (OFDM) (2005 till today) Matching current Local Area Network speeds, 4G networks will provide 100MBps on the move. This is enough for studio quality video, multi channel surround sound and much more. 4G will be based on OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) – the next generation in access technologies. Some possible IEEE standards for the 4G system are 802.20. “Based on OFDM Technology.” Deep Mehta

22. Fourth Generation (4G) (OFDM) (2005 till today) Services: Higher Capacity, Completely IP-Oriented, Multimedia, High Data Rate Transfer. Standards: Single Standards. Data Bandwidth: Higher than 100 Mbps Multiplexing: OFDM Core Network: Internet. “Short info of 4G Technology.” Deep Mehta

24. A=Anytime anywhere.

25. G=Global mobility support.

26. I=Integrated wireless solution.

27. C=Customized personal service.Deep Mehta

28. Working of Different Access Channels Used in Communication Code Division Multiple Access (2G,3G). Frequency Division Multiple Access (1G). Time Division Multiple Access(2G). Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (4G). Deep Mehta

29. Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) CDMA is a spread spectrum multiple access technique. A spread spectrum technique spreads the bandwidth of the data uniformly for the same transmitted power. Deep Mehta

30. Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) FDMA divides the given spectrum into channels by the frequency domain. Each phone call is allocated one channel for the entire duration of the call. In the figure above, each band represents one call. Deep Mehta

31. Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) TDMA enhances FDMA by further dividing the spectrum into channels by the time domain as well. A channel in the frequency domain is divided among multiple users. Each phone call is allocated a spot in the channel for a small amount of time, and "takes turns" being transmitted. Deep Mehta

32. Deep Mehta

33. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) OFDM involves sending several signals at one given time over several different frequency channels, or subcarriers. In our case, the usable frequency range of our equipment will be determined, and that frequency range will be divided into a certain number of channels. At any given time interval during transmission, each subcarrier will be transmitting data. An illustration of OFDM for one time instance is given. Deep Mehta

34. That’s All Thank You For Your Time ..!! Any Questions..? Deep Mehta

35. THANK YOU Deep Mehta