9. Modernist artists seek to capture the images and sensibilities of their age while also subjecting the premises of art itself to critical examination.
10. The two major modernist art movements of the later nineteenth century are Realism and Impressionism.
11.
12. The Salon was the official art exhibition of the French Academy of Fine Arts (Academie des Beaux-Arts) in Paris
28. Vendôme Column A symbol of Napoleon III's power Courbet was considered as an accomplice in the debunking of the Vendôme Column- a symbol of Napoleon III's power - he was imprisoned and tried by the war council.
36. The Academy was essentially the art establishment, based in various locations across France (with similar systems in other European countries)
37. It was set up in France in the mid 17th century and was essentially a system of state controlled art education and patronage
38. The Academy adhered to strict principles about what constituted good or bad in painting – which is where the hierarchy of genres came from, with history painting at the top and genre and still life at the bottom. It also promoted the idea that the finest works of art were those of the past
41. Lampooning the Powers That Be In his lithograph, Rue Transnonain, Honoré (1834) Daumier depicts in a factual manner an atrocity that took place in a workers' housing block on a street in Paris.
46. Created scandal not only because the subject matter but also by the unconventional way it was painted. The Origin of the World L'Origine du monde(1866)
58. Discussion Courbet painted non-traditional subjects in a broad manner contrary to the accepted academic style. Why was Courbet painting pictures that he knew would upset people?
63. Morton, Mary G. (2006) Courbet and the modern landscape. Paul Getty Museum
64. Chu, Petra ten-Doesschate. (2007) The most arrogant man in France: Gustave Courbet and the nineteenth-century media culture. Princeton University Press, Oxford
65. Rubin, James Henry. (1980) Realism and social vision in Courbet & Proudhon. Princeton University Press