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Managing TMR Variation
- 1. Improving Feeding Consistency and Efficiency with TMR Audits DAIReXNET Webinar Dr. Tom Oelberg, Ph.D. toelberg@diamondv.com
- 7. Well Mixed TMRs Obtained By Different Methods Twin-twin screw vertical wagon Mixed with payloader turning pile 5 times Horizontal auger reel mixer
- 8. “ Feed Particles Mix When Falling Together At the Same Time” “ Any ingredient or process that interferes with this will affect TMR consistency”
- 9. TMR Consistency Results via Penn State Shaker Box Test Goal: < 5% CV for Middle and Bottom Screens
- 10. An Inconsistent Lactation Ration
- 12. Horizontal Reel Mixer Overfilled? Video One
- 13. Horizontal Reel Properly Mixing Video Two
- 14. Proper Mixing Action For A Vertical Wagon Courtesy: Supreme International website
- 15. Supreme International’s Feedlot Auger
- 16. Supreme International’s Forage Processing Auger
- 17. Over-Filling Causes TMR Variation
- 18. Case 1. Over-Filled Kuhn-Knight Reel-Auger Model 3700
- 19. Penn State Shaker Box Results Lactation Rations Load 1 Over-filled Load –Lactation Ration TMR felt drier
- 20. Penn State Shaker Box Results Lactation Rations Load 2 Over-filled Load –Lactation Ration TMR Felt Drier
- 21. Penn State Shaker Box Results Lactation Rations Load 4 Normal Filled Load – Lactation Ration
- 22. TMR Consistency Results via Penn State Shaker Box Test Oelberg. 2009. Reducing load size on Kuhn-Knight Reel-Auger Model 3700 reduced variation (CV %)
- 23. Case 1. TMR Consistency of Over-filled vs. Normal-filled Reel-Auger Mixer Oelberg. 2009. Courtesy to Hubbard Feeds, Mankato, MN for providing lab analysis Kuhn-Knight Reel-Auger Model 3700
- 24. Close-up Mixing…Mineral Mix Hanging Up on Screws
- 25. Load Size Too Small Mineral Not Completely Delivered To the Close-up Dry Cows
- 26. Proper Mixing Time Reduces Variation Harner et.al. 1995 K-State MF-2503 5% CV after 5 to 6 minutes
- 27. Count Down To Mix Last Added Ingredient
- 28. Sharp vs Dull Blade
- 29. Effect of Dull Knives on Large Round Bale Processing Oelberg. 2008. Dry Cow Ration
- 30. Effect of New Knives on Large Round Bale Processing Dry Cow Ration Replacement Heifer Ration
- 31. Wear and Stress Fractures on Edge Deflectors (Kicker Plates) Video Three
- 32. Worn Augers Video Four
- 33. Mixing Large Rounds of Alfalfa…Tough Middle Core
- 34. Haylage Clumps
- 35. Inconsistent Nutrient Consumption of a Poorly Mixed Fresh Cow TMR Video Five
- 36. Improper TMR Loading Causes Under-Processed Hay Not Loading On Center Loading On Center… Line Up on The Red Triangle
- 37. Hay Not Loaded Between Augers Causing It To Not Get Completely Processed
- 38. Hay Not Getting Completely Processed
- 39. Under-Processing Hay “Big Factor”
- 40. Clumps of Under-Processed Hay In TMRs
- 41. Penn State Shaker Box Results Load 1, Mix 1 min Restrictors Out Load 3, Mix 3 min Restrictors Out Load 4, Mix 3 min Restrictors In
- 42. Influence of Adjusting Hay Restrictor Settings and Load Mixing Time On TMR Particle Size Consistency Goal: 5% CV or less for Middle/Bottom Screens
- 44. Make Sure Wagon Is Level: Triolet 3-Screw Parked In Loading Ramp
- 45. Triolet Triple-screw Wagon Over-loaded At Back of Wagon Loading un-level wagon with back of wagon lower than the front causes feed buildup in back of wagon
- 46. Influence of Loading An Un-level Triple-Screw Wagon On TMR Particle Size Distribution Along The Bunk Load 1 Load 2 Front Back Back Front Bottom and top screens of shaker box go up and middle screen goes down as TMR moves from front to back of the wagon
- 47. Influence of Loading An Un-level Triple-Screw Wagon On TMR Particle Size Distribution Along The Bunk
- 48. Un-level Triple-Screw Wagon During Loading Causes Variation In TMR Goal: < 5% CV for Middle and Bottom Screens
- 49. Proper Ingredient Mix Order
- 51. Case 1. Mixer Not Level, Liquid Added Without Spray Bar and Mixed For Only 1 minute
- 52. Case 1.Influence of Not Properly Mixing Liquid Supplement On TMR Particle Size Along The Bunk Mixer truck was not level as the front of the truck was sloped down hill. TMR was mixed for only 1 minute or less after liquid was loaded. The TMR was extremely wet at the front of the load when it was dropped and dry at the end. Small feed particles on bottom pan stuck to larger particles in top and middle screens at the front of the load. The effect was consistent across all 4 loads.
- 53. Case 1. Influence of Not Properly Mixing Liquid Supplement On TMR Particle Size Variation Mixer truck was not level as the front of the truck was sloped down hill. TMR was mixed for only 1 minute or less after liquid was loaded. The TMR was extremely wet at the front of the load when it was dropped and dry at the end. Small feed particles on bottom pan stuck to larger particles in top and middle screens at the front of the load. The effect was consistent across all 4 loads. Penn State Shaker Box Screens TMR Loads Top Middle Bottom Load Pens Situation Avg., % CV,% Avg., % CV,% Avg., % CV,% 1 Lactation Front of Load Wet 8.0 28.6 66.1 10.96 25.8 35.45 2 Lactation Front of Load Wet 6.7 27.3 65.9 13.59 27.4 37.95 3 Lactation Front of Load Wet 5.3 38.9 64.9 9.45 29.8 21.01 4 Lactation Front of Load Wet 7.6 25.9 62.5 14.34 29.8 23.46
- 54. Case 2. Liquid Supplement Loaded Improperly In a Twin-Screw Vertical Mixer Wagon and TMR Particle Size Oelberg. 2009. Solid Lines = Improperly loaded Dashed Lines = Properly loaded Beginning Ending
- 55. Case 3. Adding Liquid At End and At Center of the Wagon
- 56. Case 3. Improper Loading of Liquid Caused Variation In Moisture and Particle Size of TMR Along the Bunk Note: As moisture level increases from front to back of wagon, amount of TMR on top screen increases while amount on bottom decreases
- 57. Case 3. Improper Loading of Liquid Caused Variation In Moisture, Crude Protein and Ash (Mineral) Levels In The TMR Along the Bunk
- 59. Adding Liquid With A Spray Bar
- 61. Key Focus Areas for Managing Shrink and Nutrient Variation In Home Grown Ingredients
- 62. Silage Face Heating Source: Venne. 2007
- 63. Silage Temperature 6 hours after Facing 4:00 PM Source: Venne and Martel. 2008 No Facer Faced 12-18” Faced 24-36”
- 64. 43.3 44.4 45.7 40.7 41.0 41.8 36.0 36.3 37.8 43.3 43.6 43.7 41.6 42.9 43.0 36.4 37.7 37.9 Haylage NDF – Sampling and Laboratory Consistency Evaluation Stone. 2008
- 65. Avoid Digging Into The Face
- 66. Excellent Face on Haylage Pile
- 68. Pushing and Lifting Alfalfa Haylage Into A Pile
- 75. Opportunity for Improved Efficiencies?
- 76. Reduced Mixing Time in Half Super Mix
- 79. States Where TMR Audits On Lactation Rations Have Been Done TMR audits from CA and MI have not been included
- 80. Types of TMR Mixer Wagons Tested During TMR Audits HA = horizontal 4-auger HP = horizontal paddle HR = horizontal auger-reel V1 = single auger vertical V2 = twin auger vertical V3 = triple auger vertical Number of TMR loads tested: 514
- 81. Top 10 Brands of TMR Mixers Indentified in TMR Audit Summary Number of TMR loads tested: 514
- 82. Types of TMR Rations Tested In 514 Loads
- 83. Repeated TMR Audits Show Improved Consistency Over Time Data represents 75 out of 514 loads
- 86. Top 25% of TMRs have coefficients of variation of 3% or less Goal: 3% CV or less in middle and bottom screens of Penn State Shaker box
Hinweis der Redaktion
- Cottonwood Dairy. 8/18/09 TMR Audit
- Cottonwood Dairy. 8/18/09 TMR Audit. Cottonwood Dairy. 8/18/09 TMR Audit.
- Vander wal Bros.Dairy TMR audit. Slayton, MN. Load 1 was over-filled and load 4 was normal filled.
- Vander wal Bros. Dairy, Slayton, MN. Lactation tmr. Load 1 (over-filled, see video in slide 12) vs load 4.
- Dry feed (meal form) mixed with a single-action rotating drum shows optimum mix after 5 minutes of mixing.
- The edges of each blade is sharp just like the edge of a kitchen knife. However, the new and sharp blade has deeper serrations which are important for cutting.
- Dry cow TMR mixed in a twin-screw vertical mixer Knight model 51100. The ration contained 1.5 large round grass hay bales and it was mixed for 45 minutes. The hay never got processed. See next slide with the dull knives replaced with new knives. The old knives were only two months old. The old knives were taken to another dairy that had the same model mixer and used no large round hay bales in the TMR.
- Knives were replaced in a twin-screw vertical mixer Knight Model 51100 that had the dull knives in the previous slide with clumps of hay in the TMR. This ration took less than 15 minutes to mix. Dramatic improvement in hay processing for this dry cow TMR which contained sweet corn silage and 1.5 large rounds of grass hay. Replacement heifer ration in 2010 and dry cow ration in 2010 contain 9 to 10 lbs/hd/day straw. Straw is processed in the mixer wagon to 2 to 3 inches.
- Ash Creek Dairy 2011. Botec 4-aguer wagon. Dairy where we moved alfalfa squares up in load order to get the hay processed better.
- This was a fresh cow ration mixed in a Penta twin-screw vertical wagon. Long-stem alfalfa hay that was coarse and tough and did not get processed. Note one cow eating long-stem hay while the other cow is eating fines, both from the same pen.
- Winkelman Dairy near Little Falls, MN. August 2011 audit with Dr. Andy Mueller, nutritionist with LOLPF.
- Significant variation in Penn State Shaker Box results due to the unequal distribution of liquid feed supplement(Sweet Energy) in the TMR mixed by a horizontal mixer. The TMR was much wetter for the first 10 feet of delivered feed compared to the rest of the ration. The liquid supplement settled in bottom front of the horizontal mixer.
- When liquid supplement (Sweet Energy) was loaded at the front of a vertical twin-screw mixer it caused more variation in the particle size distribution of the tmr as it was delivered along the feed bunk. The tmr at the beginning of the bunk was very wet and the tmr at the end of the bunk was much drier. As the tmr became more dry at the end of the bunk, more particles ended up on the bottom pan of the Penn State Shaker Box. Center loading of the liquid supplement allowed for a more uniform tmr mix along the bunk. This will allow less sorting by the cows and prevent variation in daily milk fat percentage. The tmr mixer wagon also needs to be level to keep the liquid from running out the doors. The tmr was mixed for about 3 minutes after the liquid was added. The liquid was the last ingredient added.
- Courtesey. Dr. Bill Stone.