TCP/IP

Conceptos de Interconexión de Redes Introducción a TCP/IP Carlos Vicente [email_address]

Inter-redes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Inter-redes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Diseño ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Conceptos previos ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Tipos de envío ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Modelo de capas ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Aplicación Presentación Sesión Transporte Red Enlace Física

Modelo de Capas Aplicación Presentación Sesión Transporte Red Enlace Física Aplicación Presentación Sesión Transporte Red Enlace Física

Modelo de Capas ,[object Object],Aplicación Presentación Sesión Transporte Red Enlace Física Aplicación Presentación Sesión Transporte Red Enlace Física Datos Datos Cabecera Datos Cabecera Datos Cabecera red

OSI vs. TCP/IP ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Ej: Ethernet IP TCP/UDP HTTP, SMTP Telnet, POP Aplicación Presentación Sesión Transporte Red Enlace Física Aplicación Transporte Red Enlace Física

Capa 1: Física ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Capa 2: Enlace ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Capa 3: Red ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Capa 4: Transporte ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Capa 5: Aplicación ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Terminología ,[object Object],[object Object],Trama, Frame (Ethernet) Datagrama (IP) Segmento (TCP) Aplicación Transporte Red Enlace Física

Tipos de enlaces ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Un vistazo a Ethernet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Un vistazo a Ethernet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Preámbulo (8 bytes) Destino (6) Fuente (6) Longitud (2) Tipo (2) Datos (46-1500) FCS (4)

El datagrama IP ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

La dirección IP ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],128 223 254 10 80 DF FE 0A 10000000 11011111 11111110 00001010

La dirección IP ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],red nodo 128 223 254 10

Esquema de clases (Classful) ,[object Object],[object Object],Clase Formato Primeros bits Rango Bits por nodo A R.N.N.N 0 1.0.0.0 - 126.0.0.0 24 B R.R.N.N 10 128.1.0.0 - 191.254.0.0 16 C R.R.R.N 110 192.0.1.0 - 223.255.254.0 8 D n/a 1110 224.0.0.0 - 239.255.255.255 n/a E n/a 1111 240.0.0.0 - 254.255.255.255 n/a

Revisión de base binaria ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Potencias de 2 en un byte ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Máscaras ,[object Object],AND = 128.223.254.10 255.255.255.0 128.223.254.0 Con esto se podían subdividir las redes A, B y C en subredes más pequeñas 10000000 11011111 11111110 00001010 11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000 10000000 11011111 11111110 00000000

Notación de prefijo ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Direcciones especiales ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Más direcciones Especiales ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Problemas con el esquema de clases ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Subdividiendo una red ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Algunos Trucos ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Datagrama IP ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Routers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Envío ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Envío y Re-envío ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Envío y Re-envío ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Routers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Encaminamiento ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Tablas de Encaminamiento ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],IP Máscara Gateway 192.168.5.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1 192.168.5.0 255.255.255.192 192.168.1.2 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.0.1

Tablas de Encaminamiento ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Routers y Encapsulación ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Fragmentación ,[object Object]

Traducción de direcciones ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

ARP ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

ARP ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Dominios de Tráfico ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Dominios de tráfico Router Dominio de broadcast Dominio de colisión Switch Hub Hub Switch Hub Hub

Ventajas de las subredes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

UDP ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

UDP ,[object Object],Puerto Origen Puerto Destino Longitud Checksum Datos …

TCP ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

TCP: Conceptos ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

TCP: Ventana deslizante ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 …

TCP: Inicio de Sesión ,[object Object]

¿TCP o UDP? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

ICMP ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

ICMP ,[object Object],Tipo Código Descripción 0 0 Echo Reply 3 0 Destination Network unreachable 3 1 Destination Host Unreachable 3 2 Destination Protocol Unreachable 3 3 Destination Port Unreachable 8 0 Echo Request 11 0 TTL expired

ICMP: Aplicaciones ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

ICMP: Aplicaciones ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Traceroute: Funcionamiento ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Telnet a puertos conocidos ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Ejercicios en clase ,[object Object]

Ejercicios en Clase ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Ejercicios en Clase ,[object Object]

Ejercicios en Clase ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Más información ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

TCP/IP

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