WISHESH June Issue Magazine 2015_Cover Page

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# W O R L D N E W S A N D E N T E R T I N T M E N T M A G A Z I N E
VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 6JUNE EDITION MAGAZINE
:::2015:::
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NARENDRA MODI TO VISIT CHINA, MONGOLIA, & REPUBLIC OF KOREA:COMPLETE SCHEDULE
WHAT WILL
HAPPEN
I F Y O U
DRINK
COCONUT
WATER
FOR 7 DAYS
GOV
ERN
ANCE
OR?
ONE
YEAR OF
NARENDRA MODI
PRIME MINISTER, INDIA
LUCKNOW
CHIKAN
CLASSY,
YET TRENDY
BETTER LIVING
YOGAfor

JUNE 2015 | WWW.WISHESH.COM
3
WELCOME!
EDITOR’S LETTER
We welcome you to the June edition of the magazine which is filled
with most informative and interesting recipes which you should
know. We are extremely delighted and humbled with all your support
whichhasprovideduswithmuchenthusiasmtoreleasethemagazine
month after month.
Thank you all once again for helping us to reach where we are now.
This month, we have the entire biggest happenings from world over,
including in India along with the latest news and of course, Tradition
and Culture of this country that you must know. We have a slice of
everything from fashion, food, art, history, technology, business,
sports, last but not least, stories for children, spiritual messages,
yoga, vastu, et al. We know that you are looking for all these stuff
in one place. Wishesh magazine is the only magazine which provides
you with such a vast variety of information which are of the interest
of our readers.
Special thanks to
contributors, our
advertisers and readers
for making this magazine
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ISSUE 6, JUNE/2015

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6
CONTENT |
WISHESH
#WORLD NEWS AND ENTERTINTMENT MAGAZINE
VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 6JUNE EDITION MAGAZINE 2015
.COM
WORLD NEWS
World News
10
IN BUSINESS
World
14
FREEDOM FIGHTER
Indian
24
DESI NEWS
India News
12
IN FOCUS
India PM
16
NRI
immigration
26
NRI
Profile
28
I WANT MY NATION TO BE MODIFIED
AS A SECURE, PROSPEROUS AND DIGNIFIED
NATION.DO YOU?
COVER STORY
18
32
10

7
EXCLUSIVE INTERVIEW
Bollywood
84
HOLLYWOOD TEA NEWS
Hollywood
90
RELATIONSHIP
Life Style
50
LOVE & ROMANCE
Life Style
54
TRAVELOGUE
Indian
58
LEGENDS
Indian
30
HEALTHY LIVING
Life Style
52
FASHION
style
56
HISTORY
Indian
62
MOBILES
Electronics
68
VAASTU CORNER
Indian
70
YOGA
Indian
74
AUTO MOTERS
Latest Moters
72
SPRITUAL
Indian
78
MOVIES
Review | Interviews | Special
82
STAR GAZING
June Month
FINEART
Indian Diaspora
32
TRADITION
Indian Diaspora
40
FOOD RECIPE
Indian
44
CULTURE
Indian Diaspora
36
STORY FOR KIDS
Krishna
42
FASHION & BEAUTY
Life Style
46
BENEFITS & USES
Life Style
48
62
40
84
74
70

10
World
NEWS
HershclaimedthattheCIAagentsdidnotuncoverthebinLaden’slocation,instead,thatinformation
is handed to them by a Pakistani official who has betrayed his country for a $25 million bounty.
Critics and White House officials have strongly condemned the allegations and accused Hersh of
conspiratorial excess. He relies on anonymous sources and unnamed insiders and builds a narrative
of events that are impossible to verify, they alleged.
Seymour Hersh has claimed in an article published in the London Review of
Books, that Pakistan’s military leaders have secretly agreed to an elaborate but
staged attack, that a frail and unarmed bin Laden is blown to pieces by close-
range rifle fire and his mangled body parts were thrown out from a helicopter
over the Hindu Kush rather than being buried at sea.
According to Hersh’s account, a former senior
Pakistani intelligence officer walked into the U.S.
Embassy in Islamabad and told the CIA station chief
that Osama bin Laden is in Abbottabad.
Hersh told that he began working on the story
immediately after the U.S. raid on the bin Laden
compound in Pakistan. He said he had doubted, from
the beginning, the administration’s account of the
death of bin Laden on May 2, 2011, at the hands of
U.S. Navy SEALs. The administration said the SEALs
shot their way into the compound, near two Pakistani
military installations in Abbottabad and killed the
terrorist leader.
Hersh told that the SEALs encountered no opposition.
They did not have to shoot their way in. Pakistan’s
Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) had hidden bin Laden
in the Abbottabad compound since 2006, Hersh said.
In 2010, a former Pakistan intelligence officer told
the CIA, that bin Laden is in the compound. He was
paid much of the $25 million reward that the U.S. had
offered for information on bin Laden’s whereabouts.
Armed with the former intelligence officer’s
information, Americans began planning to raid the
compound. Pakistanis knew of the plans. Americans
asked Pakistan security for physical details of the
compound and “the Pakistanis agreed to permit a four-
man American cell to be set up a liaison office” near the
compound for the coming raid.
HershalsosaidthatPakistan’stoptwomilitaryleaders,
Gen. Ashfaq Parvez Kayani, chief of the army staff, and
Gen. Ahmed Shuja Pasha, director general of the ISI,
knew of the raid well in advance. In other words, US’s
so-called Pakistani allies had kept the world’s most
sought-after terrorist under wraps while the United
States searched for him and they admitted to this only
after an informant disclosed what they were doing.
HOWWASOSAMA
BINLADEN
TRACKEDAND
KILLED
SeymourHersh,America’smostcontroversial
investigativejournalist,causedanuproarbyalleging
thattheU.S.government’saccountofthe2011killingof
OsamabinLadeninPakistanwasalie.

11
MEMBER OF SEAL TEAM
THAT KILLED BIN LADEN
UNDER CRIMINAL
INVESTIGATION

12
Her close aide Sasikala and Sasikala’s relatives Sudhakaran and Elavarasi were fined Rs 10 crore
each. The prosecution charge was that in five years as Chief Miniser, her assets, including property
and jewelry have added up to 66 crores.
Pronouncing the operative portion of the judgement, which ran into 10 volumes and over 900 pages,
Justice CR Kumaraswamy said, “Appeal allowed. All charges set aside. All are acquitted.”
Karnataka high court has overturned a trial court judgment and acquitted
AIADMK chief J Jayalalithaa and her three associates in an 18-year-old
disproportionate assets case. AIADMK chief, along with her aides N Sasikala, VN
Sudhakaran and J Elasvarasi, was held guilty of holding unaccounted income
during her tenure as chief minister from 1991-96 by the trial court.
The decision to declare J Jayalalithaa not guilty may have been based
on deeply flawed math, the prosecutor has alleged. “In terms of
percentage there is a glaring arithmetical error,” said public prosecutor
BV Acharya. Justice CR Kumaraswamy found that Ms Jayalalithaa’s
illegal or unaccounted wealth was at 8% of her income, which is
“relatively small” and “within the permissible limit of 10 per cent”.
Desi
NEWS
JAYALALITHAA’SACQUITTAL,
RIGHTORWRONG

13
Mr Acharya said, according to
page 852 of the Karnataka High
Court judgement, the loans add up
to almost Rs. 11 crore, while the
judge calculated her borrowings at
24 crores, around 13 crores more.
Jayalalithaa’s disproportionate
assets, therefore, add up to around
Rs. 16 crore and not Rs. 3 crore. “So
her assets are disproportionate by
76% and not 8.12 (as stated by the
judge). Since the glaring mistake
has come to our notice only now,
we are considering all options
available,” said Mr Acharya.
BV Acharya said, “I did not expect
thisverdict.Butsomanyjudgments
are surprising.” Jayalalithaa’s
lawyer B Kumar said, “This is a
historic judgement. Our faith in the
judiciary has been restored.” “The
case against Jayalalithaa could
not be proved so she has been let
off,” said Kumar, “Now, there is
no restriction on Jayalalithaa to
become the CM.”
Speculations are rife that Jayalalithaa may go for snap polls, riding on the strength of the verdict in her favour,
that smashes the corruption plank raised against her by opposition parties.
“It will be a big blow to all opposition parties,” said
C Lakshmanan, a professor at the Madras Institute
of Development Studies. “It will be a nightmare for
all of them. The AIADMK might have a cakewalk in
the 2016 elections. The BJP may not be able to even
imagine a hold in Tamil Nadu in their lifetime unless
they completely surrender to Amma,” he said.

14
In
BUSINESS
A MONK WHO
SOLD HIS
FERRARI:
INDIAN VERSION
“Everyone is waiting for a valuation correction to happen. Housing was a poster child
for a dramatic run-up to sky-high valuations, so this may be the trigger that ends the
valuation bubble, especially in Internet commerce,” said Sharma.
BENGALURU: Rahul Yadav has resigned as the
CEO of Housing. com, capping several weeks of
dramaatoneofIndia’smostwatchedstartupsand
leaving investors with the challenge of restoring
normalcy at the online real estate services
company.
Yadav, 26, wrote a scornful resignation letter
on April 30 to board members and investors
denigrating their “intellectual capability” and
giving them a one-week deadline to “help in the
transition”. The investors responded a day later
through the law firm Morrison & Foerster LLP
acknowledging the resignation. ET has seen both
letters.
EThadreportedonMarch12thatinvestors
were considering a plan to remove Yadav,
who studied at IIT-Bombay along with
the other Housing co-founders, due to
concerns over strategy and his conduct.
The board of Housing will meet on Tuesday to
discuss the resignation and chart a new plan for
the company.
Housing shot to fame as one of India’s startup
success stories after Japan’s SoftBank led an
investment of $90 million ( Rs 550 crore) in
December,valuingitatRs1,500crore.Sincethen,
Yadav has been in the spotlight for the wrong
reasons — he became embroiled in a social media
dust-up with Sequoia Capital Managing Director
Shailendra Singh and later the Times Group,
which publishes this newspaper.
Late last month, SoftBank’s Vice-Chairman
Nikesh Arora resigned from the board. SoftBank
executive Jonathan Bullock will take his place.
“I don’t think you guys are intellectually capable
enough to have any sensible discussion anymore.
This is something which I not just believe but can
prove on your faces also!” Yadav wrote in the
opening paragraph of his letter resigning as CEO,
chairman and a member of the board.
DocumentsaccessedbyETshowthatYadavowns
4.57% stake in the company. Nexus Ventures
owns 19%, SoftBank 32%, and Helion Ventures
and Falcon Edge about 10% each.
Yadav, Housing co-founder and board
member Advitiya Sharma and investors
includingSoftBank’sArora,Helion’sAshish
Gupta and Nexus’ Suvir Sujan did not reply
to separate emails.
The Housing board consisted of three directors
— Yadav, Sharma and Arora. On Tuesday, sources
told ET that the first item on the board’s agenda
will be the appointment of two new directors —
Ritesh Banglani of Helion and Sujan of Nexus —
and formalising the appointment of Bullock in
place of Arora.
SoftBank has asked all shareholders including
Nexus Venture Partners, Helion Venture
Partners, Qualcomm Ventures, Nirvana Ventures,
Falcon Edge Capital to be present for the meeting
which will be held at the office of the law firm AZB
& Partners in Mumbai on Tuesday.

15

16
In
FOCUS
Prime Minister Narendra Modi will embark on a official three nation tour to
China, Mongolia, and Republic of South Korea starting May 14. Modi’s tri-
nation tour will span six days till May 19, which will have investments, smart
cities development, and Digital India as top priorities. However, it is Modi’s meet
with Chinese President Xi Jinping that is much talked about. We take a look at a
detailed itinerary of Modi of his multi-national tour below:
MODI IN CHINA
A week before visiting China, Modi made his debut on China’s largest micro-blogging site Weibo, in order to
woo Chinese demography. Narendra Modi will be visiting China from May 14 to May 16. Modi will be visiting
Beijing, Shanghai, and Xi’an, which also happens to be President Jinping’s home province. Modi will also hold
extensivediscussionswithChinaPremierLiKeqianginordertoboosteconomictieswithChina.Manyimportant
business leaders are also scheduled to meet Modi during his visit. Last time the duo of Jinping-Modi met, China
had pledged investments of USD 20 billion in five years.
NARENDRA MODI TO VISIT
COMPLETE SCHEDULE
CHINA, MONGOLIA, & REPUBLIC OF KOREA:

17
MODI IN MONGOLIA
Narendra Modi’s visit to Mongolia will be the first visit by a Indian Prime Minister. Modi will be in Mongolia
on May 17. Terming Mongolia as its spiritual friend, Modi said, “Democracy and Buddhism bind India with
Mongolia– our spiritual friend,” on Twitter. The Prime Minister will also address the Great Khural (Parliament
of Mongolia) on his maiden visit. Modi will also commemorate 60 years of Indo-Mongolian diplomatic relations,
and also the silver jubilee of Mongolia’s democracy. Modi’s visit to Mongolia will see discussions on better trade
and investment ties between the two nations.
MODI IN SOUTH KOREA
In the last leg of his tri-nation tour, Narendra Modi will spend two days in South Korea. During his visit, trade
and investments will be the core issue at the bilateral meet with President Park Geun-hye. Modi will look on to
boost Indo-Korean ties in the field of infrastructure, manufacturing, ship building, energy, defence production
among many other sectors. Modi tweeted, ” Hello to my friends in the Republic of Korea. I will be visiting this
beautiful land of the morning calm once again, on 18th & 19th May.”
While Narendra Modi embarks on a three-nation tour to China, Mongolia, and South Korea; his trip will
also mark the completion of one year of Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)-led Centre government in India. It will
interesting to see how Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s trip eventually pans out, because when he will return
to India, there will be lot of criticism welcoming him!

18
Cover
STORY
May 26th, 2014, is an historical day for the people of India. Bharatheeya Janatha Party
lead by the then Chief Minister of Gujarat, Shri Damodar Das Narendra Modi came
into power with an absolute majority. 30 years of coalition politics came to an end. The
incumbent UPA government lead by Congress, infamous for the numerous scams came
to an end. The dynastic Congress ended up with 44 seats, making it ineligible for having a
Leader of Opposition post.
GOV
ERN
ANCE
OR?
ONE
YEAR
OF

19

20
Cover
STORY
After a landslide victory
in elections, Prime
Minister Narendra Modi
and his cabinet are
sworn in at an elaborate
function in the forecourt
of the Rashtrapati
Bhawan.
May 26, 2014
Modi government got
its first taste of public
protests, after its
decision to impose a rail
fare hike and increase
the import duty on
sugar.
June 21, 2014
The first day of PM,
Modi in office was
marked by a meeting
with Pakistan Premier
Nawaz Sharif and a
handshake.
May 27, 2014
The BRICS Summit, PM,
Modi met the heads
of some of the most
powerful nations, China,
Brazil, Russia and South
Africa and got many of
his ideas mentioned in
the declaration.
July 13-16, 2014
Prime Minister
dedicated India’s
largest warship –
INS Vikramaditya
— to the nation and
called for making the
country self-reliant on
manufacturing defense
equipment.
June 14, 2014
PM Modi’s diplomatic
efforts got a boost as he
met Chinese President
Xi Jinping and Russian
President Vladimir Putin
as part of the BRICS
Summit in Brazil.
July 14, 2014
As part of his first
foreign visit, Prime
Minister chose
Bhutan, a land, locked
Himalayan country and
stated that a happy
neighbour is integral to
India’s progress.
June 15, 2014
Prime Minister made his
first visit to Nepal in a
further indication that
SAARC countries remain
his focus when it comes
to extending India’s
foreign policy.
Aug 3, 2014
Narendra Modi made
a pitch for ‘Swacch
Bharat’ and exhorted
countrymen to make
efforts to educate the
girl child in his first
Independence day
speech.
Aug 15, 2014
In the first elections
after the Modi
government is voted to
power, BJP lost out in
a majority of the seats
that went for elections
in the states of Uttar
Pradesh, West Bengal.
Aug 25, 2014
The swearing in ceremony has seen many of the leaders of the
neighbouring countries attending the function. This envisaged the
new foreign policy of the country. People have overwhelmingly put
all their expectation of Ache din as promised by the Prime Ministerial
candidate during the elections. The government was able to make
the people of the country to feel the working of the government for
the prosperity of the country and its citizens. The opposition lead by
Congress has not wasted any occasion to ensure that the government
cannot function properly or initiate any people centric measures for
thewelfareofthepeople,byimposingthedelayingtacticsbyensuring
all the bills are sent to committees. This is possible for the opposition
lead by the Congress using the numbers in the Rajya Sabha. This
ensured that the bills passed by the Lok Sabha are stalled in the Rajya
Sabha.
The government is successful in conveying the delaying tactics of the
opposition and the Congress, to the people of the country and it is
well accepted by them. But the government is not trembling before
the anti-development agenda and delaying tactics of the opposition
and the Congress, it went ahead with many initiatives for the safety,
security and prosperity of the country and its people. Below is the
timeline of the government for the last one year.

21
The HRD Ministry’s
directive to all schools
across the country to
live-stream PM Modi’s
Teachers’ Day Speech
provided discomfiture
to a large section of the
public.
Sep 5, 2014
PM, Modi announced
the initiation of Swacch
Bharat Abhiyan, a
nationwide mission to
clean India’s streets and
ensure sanitation.
Oct 2, 2014
PM, Modi announced a
Rs 75 million credit line
for Fiji as he made his
way to Suva.
Nov 19, 2014
The ruling BJP and the
Modi government were
hit by a huge blow after
Shiv Sena, a 25- year-
old ally, broke down
leading to break-up of
the alliance ahead of all-
important Maharashtra
elections.
Sep 25, 2014
Maharashtra’s decisive
election results gave
the BJP the maximum
number of seats in the
state Assembly and
a chance to form the
government. Haryana
too, for the first time,
gave the BJP the first
shot at power..
Oct 19, 2014
Prime Minister made
his second visit to
Kathmandu to attend
the SAARC Summit
and raised the issue
of terrorism in the
presence of his Pakistan
counterpart Nawaz
Sharif.
Nov 25-27, 2014
PM, Modi formally
launched a massive
financial inclusion
program named ‘Jan
Dhan Yojana’ that
aims to help provide
a bank account for
every household in the
country.
Aug 28, 2014
PM, Modi made his way
to Washington to hold
talks with President
Barack Obama on a
historic state visit. He
also addressed the UN
General Assembly.
Sep 26-30, 2014
PM, Modi’s foreign
outreach continued with
his attendance at the
ASEAN-India and the
East Asia Summits held at
NayPyiDaw in Myanmar.
He travelled to Australia
to set up a meeting with
PM Tony Abbott and a rare
appearance at the Sydney
Cricket Ground.
Nov 12, 2014
BJP created history in
Jammu and Kashmir by
sweeping the Jammu
region and becoming
the second-largest party
in the state Assembly
elections. It also won
Jharkhand in an alliance
with the AJSU.
Dec 23, 2014
India’s ever strong bond
with Japan got a fresh
boost when PM, Modi
visited Kyoto and Tokyo.
He met with Japanese
Premier Shinzo Abe
and visited two ancient
Buddhist temples.
Aug 30-Sep 3, 2014
This is India’s century’
PM, Modi told a sellout
crowd at the Madison
Square Garden in New
York as part of his
historic US visit.
Sep 28, 2014
Narendra Modi became
the first Indian PM to
travel to Australia in
28 years. He attended
the G-20 Summit and
held talks with PM Tony
Abbott.
Nov 14-18, 2014
PM, Modi launched a
nationwide program
‘Beti Bachao, Beti
Padhao’ exhorting
citizens to prevent
female foeticide and
encourage girl child
education.
Jan 23, 2015
India’s Republic Day
Celebrations had a
high-profile guest,
US President Barack
Obama and First Lady
Michelle Obama.
Jan 26, 2015
BJP got a crude shock as
they were handed out
a humiliating defeat by
the Aam Aadmi Party in
the Assembly elections
in Delhi, with only 3
seats in its kitty. While
Congress got a big zero.
Feb 10, 2015

22
PM Modi’s visit to the
island country firmed up
plans towards building
strategic assets in
Agalega in Mauritius.
Mar 11-13, 2015
As the government
battled extreme heat
over the controversial
land acquisition bill,
PM, Modi spoke to
thousands of farmers
over the radio, trying to
dispel rumours that his
policies are anti-farmer.
Mar 22, 2015
External Affairs Minister
Sushma Swaraj announced
on Twitter that the Indian
embassy in Yemen was being
evacuated in light of the war
there. The government has
launched a massive rescue
operation earlier in the war-
torn country to save thousands
of Indians fleeing Yemen. Many
countries took the assistance
and help of India to evacuate
their citizens.
April 14, 2015
The first Indian PM to
visit Sri Lanka after
Rajiv Gandhi in 1987,
Narendra Modi met
newly-elected President
Maithripala Sirisena in
Colombo and travelled
to the Tamil-majority
Jaffna province.
Mar 13-14, 2015
PM, Modi signed a deal
with France for supply
of 36 Rafale jets in fly-
away condition along
with a railway protocol
to develop a semi high-
speed railway corridor.
April 9-12, 2015
PM, Modi undertook
a three-nation tour to
France, Germany and
Canada, exhorting
industrialists and CEOs
to contribute to the
‘Make in India’ program
of the government.
April 17, 2015
Modi’s techno-minister
Suresh Prabhu, Railway
Minister, presented his
first budget.
Feb 28, 2015
Finance Minister Arun
Jaitley presented the
full fledged and much-
awaited General Budget
2015 that had a bit for
every class of society.
Mar 15, 2015
PM, Modi arrived in
Berlin and held talks
with German Chancellor
Angela Merkel. He also
inaugurated the India
pavilion at the world-
famous Hannover
technological fair.
April 12-14, 2015
The Modi government’s
swift and quick response
to the Nepal was highly
praiseworthy. Within
forty minutes of the
first tremors, Modi
had sent out his first
tweet responding to the
disaster.
April 25, 2015
Aiming to give a thrust
towards developing
strategic assets, PM
Narendra Modi visited
Victoria in the tiny
island country of
Seychelles and inked
a pact to develop
the infrastructure of
Assumption island.
Mar 10-11, 2015
PM, Modi joined other
world leaders to bid
goodbye to Singapore’s
founding father Lee
Kuan Yew. The Prime
Minister called Lee
one ‘among the tallest
leaders of our times.’
Mar 29, 2015
Canada signed a
landmark agreement
of long-term supply of
Uranium to India.
April 14-16, 2015
Foreign Minister Sushma
Swaraj got a round of
applause from all quarters
in the Parliament as
members across the
treasury and opposition
benches came together
to pass a constitution
amendment bill for a
historic land boundary
agreement with
Bangladesh.
May 7, 2015
PM, Modi started his
visit to China in Xi’an,
the hometown of
President Xi Jinping.
He also visited Beijing
and Shanghai and held
extensive meetings
with the top Chinese
leadership and several
business leaders.
May 14-16, 2015
During PM, Modi’s
visit to Seoul, India and
South Korea inked seven
agreements, including
avoidance of double
taxation and formalising
consultations between
National Security
Councils of the two
nations.
May 18-19, 2015
Cover
STORY

23
I want
my nationto be
modifiedas a secure, prosperous
and dignified nation.DO YOU?
NARENDRA MODI

24
Indian
FREEDOM FIGHTER
-Phanindra
Gopal Krishna Gokhale. One of the men who is behind the independence movement
against the British empire in India. In fact, it is not only about the independence, but he
was also the man behind the promotions of social reforms in the country in those days.
Born: May 9, 1866, Ratnagiri
Died: February 19, 1915, Mumbai
GOPAL KRISHNA GOKHALE
THE MAN BEHIND SOCIAL REFORMS
Being the senior leader
of Indian National
Congress and also the
founder of the Servants
of India society, he
used to carry down
the independence
movements and social
reform activities.
‘Servants of India society’:
‘Servants of India society’ is a small group of few educated people like
Natesh Appaji Dravid, Gopal Krishna Deodhar and Anant Patwardhan.
The main motto of this society is to promote the social and human
development in the country and eliminate the British rule completely.

25
Through this society, he organized many campaigns
and promoted education, sanitation, health and
on the other side, the society also fought against
untouchability, discrimination, poverty, oppression of
women, alcohol etc.
ENTRY INTO INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS
In 1889, with the support of ‘Mahadev Govind
Ranade’ who is a founding member of Indian National
Congress, Gokhale became as one of the members in
theparty.Hefoughtformanydecadestoobtainpower
over the public affairs for common Indians.
In1895,GokhalebecametheCongressjointsecretary
along with Tilak. In the beginning, there were many
identities among the both, be it their caste, college,
profession, etc. But, later, few differences arose
between the duo, regarding their thoughts of serving
the Indian society.
RIVALRY WITH TILAK
Initially, the rivalry started when the ‘Age of Consent
Bill’ which is introduced by the British Imperial
Government, in 1891–92. It is all about the child
marriages which told that, the age should be raised to
twelve from ten. Gokhale supported the consent bill
to curb the child marriage abuses.
On the other side, Tilak was not against the bill, but
he objected the British interference with the Hindu
tradition.Heopinedthat,itwouldbebetterifsuchtype
of reforms are done after achieving the independence
to the country. However the bill became a law later.
In 1905, Gokhale became president of the Indian
National Congress. He then used his power and
influence on his rival Tilak. In 1906, when the latter
was considered as the candidate for president of the
Congress, Gokhale refused to give his support. Since
then, the rivalry has started increasing between the
duo, which even made the Congress party to split.
MORE THAN A NATIONALIST, HE IS A SOCIAL
REFORMER
Though Gokhale is a leader of Indian nationalist
movement, he was more concerned about the
social reforms and believed that there would be
every chance to achieve such reforms by working
within existing British government institutions. This
intention of Gokhale was aggressively taken by many
more nationalists along with Tilak.
ThoughGokhalefacedcriticisms,hedidnotgiveuphis
politicalcareer.Hecontinuedtobeveryactiveinallhis
political activities. Apart from politics, he continued
to promote the reforms through the ‘Servants of
India Society’ and also wished that there should be an
advancement in the Indian education.
DEATH DUE TO STRESSES
Amidst of stresses and continuous tensions from
all these works, Gokhale died on 19 February 1915
whose age was just forty nine.
At his funeral, the words said by Tilak, the political
opponent of Gokhale, would always be heart touching
to Indians and make them proud. The words he
spoke out are “This diamond of India, this jewel of
Maharashtra, this prince of workers is taking an
eternal rest on funeral ground. Look at him and try to
emulate him”.
Lets salute to the greatest man, Mr. Gopal Krishna
Gokhale, who struggled throughout his life to bring
social reforms.

26
Nri
IMMIGRATION
-FirstangloIndianofitskind
Jindal,headsforUS
Presidentialrun

27
‘’For some time now, my wife Supriya and
I have been thinking and praying about
whether to run for the Presidency of our
great nation,’’ Jindal said in a statement.
‘’If I run, my candidacy will be based on the
idea that the American people are ready
to try a dramatically different direction.
Not a course correction, but a dramatically
different path.’’
If he does join the race, Jindal will be the first person
of Indian origin to formally run for President at a
time the political star of the community is on the
rise. Indian-Americans are also poised to have the
first Senator from the community next year when
Democrat Kamala Harris is a hot favorite to win the
seat vacated by Barbara Boxer. Harris’ mother, Dr
Shyamala Gopalan, was south Indian and her father,
Prof Donald Harris, a Jamaican.
To run for the White House, Jindal will first have to win the Republican nomination in a field that is already
packed with aspirants who have already declared their candidature. Among them are Senators Ted Cruz
(Texas), Rand Paul (Kentucky) and Marco Rubio (Florida), former Governor Mike Huckabee of Arkansas, and for
HP CEO Carly Fiorina. Four other Republican governors have also formed exploratory committees or similar
groundwork to assess their chances - Jeb Bush (Florida), Chris Christie (New Jersey) John Kasich (Ohio), and
Scott Walker (Wisconsin).
Indian-American Bobby
Jindal has taken a major
step towards running
for the White House in a
decade of political highs
for the community in the
United States. The 43-year
Louisiana governor, whose
parents emigrated from the
Punjab to America, launched
a presidential exploratory
committee on Monday,
typically the first step
towards such a run.
Over the next few weeks,
Jindal will explore the
possibility of credibly
joining an already crowded
Republican field of some
half dozen aspirants. He is
expected to make a final
decision after his state’s
legislative session ends in
mid-June.

28
MEMBER OF THE NEW SOUTH WALES LEGIS-
LATIVE COUNCILT
DANIEL MOOKHEY
Nri
PROFILE
Labor MLC Daniel Mookhey makes
Australian political history by swearing
on the Bhagavad Gita. Nitin Daniel
Mookhey, who is born in the year
1982 is an Australian politician.
He has been a Labor member of the
New South Wales Legislative Council
from 6th May 2015, when he was
appointed to fill a vacancy caused
by Steve Whan’s resignation. Born in
Blacktown in Western Sydney and
raised in Merrylands, to Indian migrant
parents from Punjab, Mookhey is the
first parliamentarian in the Australian
history to be sworn into the office on
the Bhagavad Gita. Daniel Mookhey
pledged his loyalty by swearing on the
Srimad Bhagavad Gita, a 700-verse
Hindu scripture whose title translates
to “SONG OF THE LORD”.
32-year-old Mookhey is from the Labor’s right wing, has worked as a management
consultant and was the 2013 federal campaign director of the Australian Council of
Trade Unions. NSW Parliament holds copies of the Bible, the Koran and the Torah,
however, Mr Mookhey brought his own copy of the text known as the Srimad Bhagavad
Gita. “It’s incredibly humbling to be the first Australian parliamentarian to swear his oath
of allegiance on the Srimad Bhagavad Gita,” he said before the ceremony. “It was a very
INCUMBENT
Assumed office
6 May 2015
Preceded by: Steve Whan
PERSONAL DETAILS
Born : 1982 (age 32–33)
Blacktown, New South Wales,
Australia
Political party: Australian Labor Party
Spouse(s): Tamsin Lloyd (m. 2014)
Alma mater: University of Technology, Sydney
University of New England

29
important backdrop to my childhood and I’m swearing my
oath today to tip my hat to that heritage,” he said, adding
thathewantedtohonour“myparentsandthesacrifices
they made to come to this country”.
Mr Mookhey said he was married in a Hindu ceremony
and observes major festivals, but “I’m not a person who
is at the temple every day”. While speaking about his
family, Daniel said, “My father and mother spent a lot of
time starting and supporting the institutions we now take
for granted. As new migrants, this was their contribution to
thecommunity,andIamreallyproudoftheirachievements.
The Mandir at Auburn is one of these and it is a source of
pride to me each time I visit. I attend Diwali there and had
the Ganesh puja for my wedding there about three years
ago.”
Danielhasalotofinitiativesinmind,“Iwant to makesure
that our community that is well and truly past adolescence,
that is now about to experience the bloom of its maturity,
really has the opportunity to put more people forward into
positions of prominence and not just in politics. I’m looking
forward to meeting the first Australian Indian CEO of a big
corporation,” he stated. “I’m looking forward to meeting
the very first Australian Indian to head a government
department, I’m looking forward to meeting an Australian
Indian who will be an ambassador to India. People from
my generation who were born here have exposure to the
language and the culture, will have the opportunity to do
(these things).”
Daniel also has strong views on improving the system,
“It’s about making sure we have the schools and children
have the education that they
needandhospitals, sothosesick
and their families don’t have to
worry.” “It’s making sure that we
have nursing homes for people
like my mother, a wonderful
woman who has been working
ever since she got here. That she
has a place to go, where she can
speak her own bhasha and eat
her own food in the declining
years of her life,” cited Daniel.
Post-elections, he said, these
are going to be big issues
that the community is going
to face. “I don’t see this as a
victory for me, I see this as an
opportunity to do something,
to give something back,” he
averred.”

30
LEGENDS BORN
IN INDIA
BUT NOTED
WORLDWIDE
TAKE A LOOK AT THOSE WHO WERE BORN IN INDIA AND WENT ON TO
CONQUER THE WORLD WITH THEIR PROFESSION.
SABU DASTAGIR
A son of an Indian mahout was
discovered by documentary
film-maker Robert Flaherty
who casted him in British film
‘Elephant Boy’. He was best
known for his role as ‘Abu’ in
‘The Thief of Bagdad’. He had
acted in various Hollywood
movies which increased his
popularity. Later on, he joined
the United States Army Air
Forces and was awarded for his
distinguished valor.
(Born in Mysore)
VIVIEN LEIGH
This ravishing lady stunned the
world with her performance as
Scarlett O’Hara in ‘Gone with
the Wind’ (1939). She even
won ‘Best Actress’ for two
films in Academy Awards. The
charming lady was born with
silver spoon. She had spent few
years in Bangalore before she
was sent to a convent school in
England from where her acting
career started.
(Born in Darjeeling)
JULIE CHRISTIE
The Oscar winner who grew
up at a tea estate in Chabua,
Assam is known for her role
in ‘Billy Liar’ (1963). Critical
recognisation in Golden Globe,
BAFTA and Screen Actors Guild
Awards was feather in her cap.
(Born in Assam)
India
LEGENDS

31
MERLE OBERON
Once nominated as Best
Actress for Oscar awards
tried her level best to hide the
truth of her birth. It was the
year before she died when she
confirmed her true origin. ‘The
Scarlet Pimpernel’(1934) and
‘Wuthering Heights’ (1939) are
some of her best movies.
(Born in Mumbai)
PERSIS KHAMBATTA
An Indian model who is
popularly known for role as
Lieutenant Ilia in ‘Star Trek’
(1979). Born and brought up in
Mumbai rose to fame when her
pictures were used to campaign
a popular soap brand. Gradually
shewentontobecomeafamous
model. She had turned down a
role in ‘Bond’ film to keep her
mother’s promise.
(Born in Mumbai)
ENCELBERT HUMPERDINCK
Best known for his songs
“Release Me” and “The Last
Waltz” had spent first decade
of his life in Chennai. The family
moved to England when he ten.
Atearlystagehestartedplaying
saxophone in nightclubs until
he started singing at the age
of seventeen. He gained a rare
feat of scoring two million sales
of his music copies in a year.
(Born in Madras)
RUDYARD KIPLING
The Nobel Prize winner famous
for his works: ‘The Jungle Book’
and ‘Gunga Din’ was born on
December 30, 1865 in Mumbai.
At early age he was fascinated
by the country and its culture
and wanted to discover more
about it, but at the age of 6 he
was sent to England for further
education.
(Born in Mumbai)
DOUGLAS JARDINE
Douglas Robert Jardine, a right
handed batsman is best known
for his captaincy during 1932-
33 Ashes tour of Australia. He
grew up and studied in Mumbai
till the age of 9 after he was
sent to a school in England. His
defensive method of batting
had gained him negative
criticism. Despite this Jardine
was selected in Test matches
for the first time in 1928 and
rest was history.
(Born in Mumbai)
CLIFF RICHARD
Sir Cliff born in Lucknow in
1940 had spent the first three
years of his life in Dehradun.
A singer, musician, performer,
actor and philanthropist has
total sales of over 21 million
singles in United Kingdom
behind the ‘Beatles’ and ‘Elvis
Presley’. His singing talent was
discovered when he sang in a
choir at St. Thomas School in
Howrah.
(Born in Lucknow)

32
F I N E A R T
INDIAN DIASPORA
LUCKNOW CHIKANXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
CLASSY, YET TRENDY
Lucknow Chikan is for those, who prefer to be ultra stylish without missing the classy
look of them. ‘Chikan’. The well known textile decoration style. It is originated from
Lucknow, India. The literal meaning of the word ‘Chikan’ is ‘embroidery’. If the sources
are to be believed, Chikan was introduced by Nur Jehan, the wife of Mughal emperor
Jahangir.
The Chikan work which is done to prepare a final product which would be
called as ‘Chikankari’.

33
HAND
EMBROIDERY

34
F I N E A R T
INDIAN DIASPORA
:::::MATTS::::::::::DESIGN::::::::::MAKING::::::::::DRESS:::::
It is an artwork which has to be performed with great delicacy. The embroidery has to be done
on a variety of textile fabrics like muslin, silk, chiffon, organza, net, etc. Initially, it was done only
with the white thread, which is embroidered on cool, pastel shades of light muslin and cotton
garments.
Butnow,tocatchupthetrendandbeupdated,theChikanembroideryisalsodonewithcolored
silk threads too. Though, the suits are now available across the world, Lucknow is considered as
the heart of the Chikankari industry
As all the workmanship is hand embroidery which has to be done by the skilled workers, the
Chikan embroidery continues to be practiced as a handicraft. Chikan perfectly suits to those
ho love the royal attire.
The patterns and effected created depend on the type of stitches used on a particular garment
and therefore it gives a fresh look. The quality of the embroidery depends on the fabric, the
finer it is, the exclusive the embroidery. A few of the varieties which are commonly used are
shadow work, funda, Ghas patti etc.
With the variety of fabrics, many manufacturers offer unique Chikan to men, women and kids
too.

35
:::::MENS WEAR:::::
In Mens wear, mostly there are a few of the varieties offered like ‘Long Kurta,’ ‘Short Kurta’ and ‘Mens Shirts’
Long Kurta, Short Kurta: Though, it looks casual, at the same time, it is utmost fashionable. These Kurtas would
be mostly available in cotton as well as georgette with white or colored embroidery. Overall,teh embroidery can
be gaala booti (neckline and boties) or chhadi (diagonal lines) which can perfectly suits with blue or black jeans,
trousers and also churidars too. Samething with Short Kurta, it can be an apt style to wear on, by men on jeans,
be it any color, the embroidery brings the change.
Mens shirts: Be it mass or the class, the Chikan mens shits are always the style statement in India or abroad, the
hand embroidery shirts make the Chikan shirts look unique among other shirts
:::::WOMENS WEAR:::::
Not only the men, even the women has a lot to explore with Chikan. Starting with Salwar suits, many Chikan
varieties are available through Tops, Kurtis, Skirts, Stoles, Sarees and many other designer wear.
:::::KIDS WEAR:::::
Chikan marks its identity in kids wear too by offering Frocks, Kurtas, Shirts and Pyjamas, which can make the
little kids more lovable.
:::::HOME TEXTILES:::::
Apart from this, Chikan work is also available in the form of home textiles like table tops, bedsheets, cushion
covers and so on. It takes the look of an average room to a high class level by its stylized embroidery work.
:::::MENS WEAR::::: :::::WOMENS WEAR::::: :::::KIDS WEAR::::: :::::HOME TEXTILES:::::

36
C U L T U R E
INDIAN DIASPORA
The culture is almost said to be redefined by Rajputs, as their culture can almost be considered
as the inspiration to many ancient cultures those days .
They are famous for their dance which is an integral part of their culture.
SIGNFICANCE OF
BE IT TEMPLES, SCULPTORS, PALACE OR
ANYTHING, THEIR KNOWLEDGE IS LIMITLESS
AND EXPLORATION IS ENDLESS.
CULTURE IS NOT A WORD, BUT A
WORSHIP TO RAJPUTS
CULTURE IS NOT A WORD, BUT A
WORSHIP TO RAJPUTS

37
RAJPUTS HAVE ADOPTED
THE CUSTOM OF ‘PURDAH’.

38
C U L T U R E
INDIAN DIASPORA

39
THE ARTS AND LITERATURE
Paramara rulers Munja and Bhoja are well-known
scholars of great repute. The following are the
works of Bhoja – Ayurvedasarvasva, Rajamriganka,
Vyavaharasamuchchaya, Sabdanusasana and
Yuktikalpataru.
Bhoja patronized literary giants such as
Padmagupta, Dhanika, Halayudha, Dhananjaya and
Amitragati. Rajasekhara, the author of the drama of
Karpuramanjari
in Prakrit was
patronized by
Mahendrapala
of Kanauj.
King Lakshmana
Sena of Bengal
p a t r o n i z e d
J a y a d e v a ,
the author of
Gita Govinda.
Kalhana, the
author of
Rajtarangini,
Somadevasuri,
the author
of Kathasaritsagara, Chand Bardai, the author
Prithiviraj Raso and Brihatkathamanjari, belonged
to this period. Vernacular literature also made
a beginning in this period. Hemachanda Suri, an
another great Jain poet is the one who occupies a
very comfortable place for his services.
RAJPUTS AS BUILDERS:
Other than patronizing arts and literature, the
Rajputs were also great builders. Art historians
divide their period into two halves, the first part
from AD 600-900 and the second part from
AD 900-1200. The second part exposes more
ornamentation than the first part.
The fortresses located at Chittorgarh,
Ranathanbhor and Kumbalgarh in Rajasthan
along with Mandu, Gwalior, Chandai and Asirgarh
in Madhya Pradesh are a few of the specimens of
secular art of the Rajputs
PALACES AND TEMPLES:
The palaces in Rajasthan are the pride marks
of the Rajputs art and architecture. They even
constructed a number of temples. The Chandella
rulers built by the Khajuraho group of temples
numbering 80. The each temple over there exhibits
individual architectural character, which stands
in good testimony to the artistic excellence of the
Rajput artists and craftsmen.
These temples are well known for their graceful
contours, rich surface treatment and an elegant
proportions. Specially, the Sikharas of these
temples, which are both Brahmanical and Jaina
appear as most refined and exhibit elegance in
every inch.
The Jaina complex at Mount Abu is very
remarkable for its marble halls, a central dome
of 11 concentric rings and richly carved vaulted
ceiling and pillars. They also built Siva temples at
Nemavar and Udaipur. It is said that Rudramala
temple is one of the largest and most decorated
religious monuments in India.
From the
inroads of
r u t h l e s s
i n v a d e r s
like Ghajini
and Ghori,
the Rajputs
acted as the
defenders
of Indian
c u l t u r e ,
which later
led to the
postponement for the establishment of Muslim
power in India
On the other side, the Rajputs failed to make an
impactonpreventingtheestablishmentoftheDelhi
Sultanatebytheirnarrowandclannishoutlook,lack
of foresight and failure to realize the impending
danger knocking at their gates and importance of
burying mutual jealousies for a common good.
Rajputs have adopted the custom of ‘Purdah’. The
main intention of Rajputs behind adopting this is,
to make a physical segregation of the sexes and
the requirement that women cover their bodies so
as to cover their skin and conceal their form. It is
still being followed by the Muslim communities in
Afghanistan and Pakistan and also the upper caste
Hindus in North India, like Rajputs.

40
TRADITION
INDIAN DIASPORA
Now, Reddy is considered as a forward caste
in the Telugu states, that is Telangana and
Andhra Pradesh.
The Reddy kings contributed to their best to
Telugu literature, and it was they who patronized
Sanskrit, the sacred Hindu language.
DURING THE KAKATIYA AND THEIR OWN
DURJAYAKAMMA MUSUNURI KINGS PERIOD,
REDDYS CAME INTO PROMINENCE.
REDDYS TRADITIONVALUES TRADITION IRRESPECTIVE OF WHATEVER
TRADITION IN COMMON WITH OTHER
COMMUNITIES
The Reddys in all the various regions like
Telangana, Rayalaseema and other coastal
areas, follow the different traditions and
notions, which generally do not seem to have
very much in common with each other. In
fact, they have more in common with other
communities of their regions.
PROMINENT IN REFORM MOVEMENTS
The very common opinion among the people
about reddys is that, they are upper caste
bigots. But it is to be known that, they are
prominent in many reform movements. They
are even the backbone of the Saivite and
Vaishnavite reform movements too. Under
the influence of the Saivite reformers, many
reddys got intermarried with brahmins in a
few of the South coastal areas like Guntur.
Coming to Telangana, the Reddys used to wed
the girls from other communities, but the off
spring would not bear the clan name. On the
other side, that is, on the north of Andhra
Pradesh, the reddys background include many
comrades who participated in the Telangana
people’s movement against the feudal Nizam
state in 1940’s.

41
IDENTITIES IN HIGH BUSINESS FIELDS
Later on, a large number of Reddys started turning to high business fields like construction, films etc who have
become the king makers in that field today. Nagi Reddy, Kalabandhu Subbarami Reddy are a few of them. There
are a few others like Anji Reddy who earned a prominence in the world pharmaceutical industry and Pulla
Reddy is the one, who is able to make a huge turnover at the international level and identified universally for his
quality of product.
Not only these,there are many others who are identified well among the public, more than the feeling of upper
caste bigots, there is a lot more to know about the tradition of Reddys which can actually make us salute them
for it.

42
Story for
KIDS
K
rishna also spelt
is considered the
supreme deity,
w o r s h i p p e d
across many traditions
of Hinduism in a variety
of different perspectives.
Krishna is recognized as
the eighth incarnation
(avatar) of Lord Vishnu, and
one and the same as Lord
Vishnu one of the trimurti
and as the supreme god in
his own right. Krishna is the
principal protagonist with
Arjuna in the Bhagavad
Gita also known as the Song
of God, which depicts the
conversation between the
Royal Prince Arjuna and
Krishna during the great
battle of Kureksetra 5000
years ago where Arjuna
discovers that Krishna is
God and then comprehends
his nature and will for him
and for mankind. In present
age Krishna is one of the
most widely revered and
most popular of all Indian
divinities.
Krishna is often described
and portrayed as an infant
eating butter, a young boy
playing a flute as in the
Bhagavata Purana, or as an
elder giving direction and
guidanceasintheBhagavad
Gita.
The stories of Krishna
appear across a broad
spectrum of Hindu
philosophical and
theological traditions.
They portray him in
various perspectives: a
god-child, a prankster, a
model lover, a divine hero,
and the Supreme Being.
The principal scriptures
discussing Krishna’s story
are the Mahabharata, the
Harivamsa, the Bhagavata
Purana, and the Vishnu
Purana.
Krishna’s disappearance
marks the end of Dvapara
Yuga and the start of Kali
Yuga (present age), which
is dated to February 17/18,
3102 BCE. Worship of
the deity Krishna, either
in the form of deity
Krishna or in the form of
Vasudeva, Bala Krishna
or Gopala can be traced
to as early as 4th century
BC. Worship of Krishna as
Svayam Bhagavan, or the
Supreme Being, known as
Krishnaism, arose in the
middle Ages in the context
of the Bhakti movement.
From the 10th century AD,
Krishna became a favorite
subject in performing arts
and regional traditions of
devotion developed for
forms of Krishna such as
Jagannatha in Odisha,
Vithoba in Maharashtra
and Shrinathji in Rajasthan.
Since the 1960s the
worship of Krishna has
also spread in the Western
world, largely due to the
International Society for
Krishna Consciousness.
LORD KRISHNAT H E S U P R E M E D E I T Y

43

44
Indian
FOOD RECIPE

45
SHAHI MUTTON
BIRYANI
INGREDIENTS
• 1/2 kg mutton-cut into small pieces
• 1 cup onions-finely sliced
• Ghee for frying the onions
• 1 table spoon (tsp) of cumin seeds
• 1 bay leaf
• 1/4 cup clotted cream
• 2 Table spoon of chopped coriander
leaves-to garnish
FOR THE MARINATE:
• 1 cup onions-grated
• 1 tsp garlic paste
• 1 tsp ginger paste
• 1 tsp turmeric
• 1 tsp black cumin seeds salt to taste
• 1 cup yoghurt
• 1 tsp garam masala
FOR THE RICE:
• 2 cups basmati rice-cleaned and soaked in
water • 2 green cardamoms • 2 cloves
• 1/2 table spoon of black cumin seeds
a piece of cinnamon-broken into smaller
pieces • Salt to taste • 1/2 table spoon of
saffron-soaked in 1/4 cup of warm milk
• 2 Table spoon of ghee
DIRECTIONS
• Mix together all the spices and marinate the meat in it for 4 hours:
• Heat enough ghee in a broad pan. Fry the onions till they turn to
brown and crisp.
• Strain onions from the ghee and transfer on to an absorbent paper
and set aside.
• Take a half cup of ghee that is left in the pan, add the cumin seeds
and bay leaf, stir it for some time till there is any sort of difference of
change in color.
• Now, increase the heat and add the meat mixture which was kept
ready
• With excess heat, make sure you stir the meat till the pieces look
opaque.
• Then, reduce the heat and stir it for few times till the meat turns
tender
• If you observe, that it was not properly cooked, then add water and cook further.
• After the meat is cooked completely, let the water evaporate over high heat. Remove pan from stove and add the fried
onions, cream and coriander leaves and mix well. On the other hand, while the meat is cooking, drain the rice and set aside.
• Heat 2 tablespoons of ghee and add the black cumin seeds, cardamom, cloves and cinnamon. Stir a few times and add the rice
and the salt. Now add 2 1/2 cups of water, and bring to boil.
• Lower heat, cover and let the rice cook for a good number of minutes. Later, off the heat, leaving pan on stove. The rice should
be almost done.
• Just before half an hour of serving, divide the rice and meat separately. No take half of the meat out of the pan, leaving a layer
at the bottom. Now, spread this particular layer properly in the pan.
• Now cover this with a layer of half the rice, sprinkle half the saffron flavored milk over it, and then add the second layer of
meat and finally the other half of the rice. Sprinkle the rest of the milk and saffron mixture over rice.
• Seal pan with the wheat flour and place on the stove with a low flame for about half an hour.
• Now, your spicy ‘Shahi Mutton Biryani’ is ready. Eat it before the taste goes way in the form of heat.
• Recipe time: Well, the cooking time is 1.5 hour. But, it is for marination, we almost need 4 hours.

46
FASHION & BEAUTY
Life Style
AMAZING NATURAL SKIN CARE
TIPS FOR SUMMER
Skin is the thin layer of tissue forming the natural outer covering of the body. You have
to take special care of your skin in summer. Skin looks radiant in winter but looks dull,
blemished and oily in summer. This is because of natural oil solidifies in winter where flows
freely in summer. Excess sun exposure on the skin causes dehydrating the body, havoc on
the skin, tanning, pigmentation, early ageing. Protect your skin from harmful effects of sun
rays and get back your moisturizer skin. Follow some natural home-made tips for beautiful
glowing skin in summer.
ROSE WATER
Rose water has cooling
property that works as an
excellent toner. Take some
rose-water into your hand and
wash your face.
CUCUMBER AND YOGURT FACE PACK
Take half cucumber and blend it. Take 1 tablespoon of yogurt and mix
it with cucumber paste. Apply this paste on your face and neck. Leave
it for about 15 minutes. Rinse it off with fresh water.
NATURAL HOME REMEDIES FOR
SKIN CARE IN SUMMER

47
DRINK LOTS OF WATER
Drink lots of water and fluids that helps to keep your
body hydrated. Drinking plenty of water helps to flush
out the toxins present in your body.
FACE PACK FOR SOFT GLOWING SKIN
Prepare a mask with 2 tablespoons of mashed ripe papaya, 1
tablespoon of honey, and 1 egg white. Beat egg white and then add
honey and mashed ripe papaya into it. Mix them well to form a thick
paste. Apply this paste on your face and neck. Leave it for about 15
minutes. Rinse it off with cold water. This pack gives you soft, smooth
and glowing skin.
FRUIT JUICES
Eat more fruits that are juicy like watermelon, strawberries,
pomegranate, grapes, blueberries, and pears. These helps to bring
back lost fluids and moisturize your skin.
LEMON REDUCES SUN TAN
Lemon acts as a natural bleaching agent and helps to remove tan from
your skin. Squeeze out lemon juice. Take a cotton ball and soak it in
lemon juice. Apply it all over your face and neck. This makes your skin
glow. Let it dry and then wash it off with water. Finally, apply a good
moisturizer or almond oil to your face and neck.
SKIN EXFOLIATION
Exfoliate your skin with homemade scrub. Natural homemade
scrub will be ready with the following ingredients. Take 4 – 5
tablespoons of gram flour, a pinch of turmeric, 5 – 6 drops of
rose water, and yogurt. Mix them well to form a thick paste.
Apply this paste on your face and neck. Leave it for about 20
minutes. Then wash it off with fresh water.
LEMON AND HONEY FACE PACK
Honey has natural bleaching agent.
Prepare a mixture of lemon juice and
honey. Apply this mixture on your face
and neck. Let it dry and then rinse it off
with fresh water.

48
BENEFITS & USES
Life Style
WHAT WILL
HAPPEN
I F Y O U
DRINK
COCONUT
WATER
FOR 7 DAYS
Practically, the coconut water and the
blood plasma in human bloodstream have
approximate structure. This is proved by the
use of coconut water as a blood substitution in
the bigger conflicts in the past, and in this way
many lives human lives were saved.
These days the coconut water is used all around
the world, and you can find it in many markets in
your environment. Maybe the taste of the water
is not that good, but its detoxification power
and other health benefits are unquestionable.
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN YOU DRINK
THIS WATER?
The coconut water strengthens your
immune system and removes bacteria that
cause urinary tract infections, gonorrhea,
gumdiseasesandviruseswhicharecausing
cold, infection diseases and typhus.
Your energy will be boosted and the
thyroid gland hormones production will
be enhanced. The water acts as a natural
diuretic and it is very helpful for people
that have kidney diseases. It will assist in
cleansing the urinary tract and the bladder
channels. The toxins will be eliminated and
the kidney stones will be braked down.
The coconut water includes high amount
of fiber, which makes it very good for
digestion. With regularly consummation
the gastric acid will be eliminated.
Because of its low level of fats, you can
drinkitinlargeamount.Thecoconutwater
will reduce your appetite and will keep you
sated, which can lead to losing weight.
Macerate a cotton wool in the coconut
water and place it on the skin if you are
having acne, oily or dry skin. The water will
make the skin cleaner and fresher, and the
pores will be opened. Mix this water with
olive oil in order to cleans your organism
and to eliminate bowel parasites.
The experts are claiming that you will
be able to solve few health issues during
pregnancy. With only one cup of coconut
water you will balance the electrolytes,
whose imbalance can cause hypertension
or also known as high blood pressure.
When people are overdrinking through
the night they often have a headache in
the morning. So when you will drink more

49
Many people are claiming that coconut
water has a magical effect on our
health. You may have heard about the
coconut oil and some benefits it offers.
In this article you will learn about the
biggest benefits of coconut water of
which you may never heard.
than you should, in the morning you will remember this magical drink. It will make the
headache go away and will also expiate the lost fluids and help you to overcome the
sickness caused from hangover.
If you like your skin to be ablaze and hydrated during the day, drink one cup of the
coconut water. If you lost too much energy with some exhausting physical activities,
you can recover your energy with coconut water. The water will leave positive effects
on every single body part.
The coconut water will provide you with stronger immune system, boost of energy,
safety from bacteria and infections, weight loss and many other benefits.

50
RELATIONSHIP
Life Style
SAFE LONG LASTING RELATIONSHIPS
If both of you are comfortable with the basic safety
foundation needs like shelter, food, and clothing.
Unless, you have basic safety needs you can’t reach
highest potential. You should feel safe as physically
and emotionally with others before you share,
work together, and most important thing trust each
other. Until you trust each other you can’t face any
emotional situations. When you trust each other
you can share everything like ideas, creativity, love,
affection, and even personal information.
Respectful relationships show
up in every interaction and every
conversation you made with each
other. It keeps both of you alive and
well. Respect is when we esteem and
honor each other that gives inner
qualities and brings affectionate bond
between you, with likes, dislikes,
feelings, ideas, and opinions.
A long-lasting relationship
is about to give yourself
and receive back a little.
Sometimes love helps to
solve an issue when you
are doing something and
not expecting anything in
return. Communicate one
otherthantherelationship
that stands long-term.
Avoid conflict and hold off
concern up till there is a
better time.
COMPROMISE
AND
COMMUNICATE
RESPECTFUL LONG
LASTING RELATIONSHIPS
SECRETS TO A SUCCESSFUL LONG TERM
RELATIONSHIP
Successful marriage does not only mean eating together,
staying together. It depends on how much you understand
each other. Sometimes you need more human, advice, and
wishful thinking. A good relationship is about the numerous
differences among over politics, food, money, and about
children career. The more difference you make, the more
interesting your life will be. Enjoy with your partner rather
than trying to change them to fit your own template of love
and life.

51
HONEST LONG LASTING
RELATIONSHIPS
Partners should maintain honest
to each other. Because everyone
expects that your partner is the
one you want to depend upon
long term, without question
or doubt. Focus on big things
instead of small things that make
your relationship strong.
RESOLVED LONG LASTING
RELATIONSHIP
If the issues are unresolved, the relationship
becomesafailure. Itisbetterforbothpartners
speak the truth about their concerns and
issues in a respectful and safe manner. They
work to resolve conflicts directly with the
other person. There is a belief that the other
person is strong enough to look after difficult
situations. This can be cleaned up so that their
love can be renewed and flourish.
Both partners are committed to speak the truth about their concerns and
issues that would be safe and in a respectful manner. There should be
belief that the other person is strong enough to solve difficult situations.
Then, the conflicts and issues are resolved safely that does not conflict
their relationship.
The fact that communicating, sharing, loving, mixing up a change with
your partner to keep your relationship meaningful and positive.

52
EATRIGHT
FOOD
to
PRO
TECTUR
EYESIGHTHealthy eyes and good vision play critical role in life of all age groups. As
eyes are the most precious possessions, take care of your eyes. Falling
vision is most commonly seen with aging but nowadays with lack of
proper diet and vitamins, even the children are suffering from lack of
vision. Also the doctors have proved that lifestyle diseases like diabetes
and obesity can also have a detrimental impact on your eyesight.
Experts suggest that the same diet that helps your heart is probably good for your eyes. Probably
carrots and orange colored fruits and vegetables promote good eye sight as they contain Beta-
carotene but apart from that there are many foods which promoted good vision.
HEALTHY LIVING
Life Style

53
B E S T F O O D S F O R E Y E S I G H T :
Protecting your eyes starts with the food on your plate. Nutrients such as omega-3 fatty acids, lutein, zinc, and
vitamins C and E might help ward off age-related vision problems such as macular degeneration and cataracts.
Researchers say eating foods rich in antioxidants is better than taking supplements.So here are the top foods
that are good at promoting eyesight, try to consume them more in your regular diet.
LEAFY GREENS: Lutein and
zeaxanthin are important plant
pigments for eye health. The leafy
vegetables are packed with those
antioxidants which help in lowering
the risk of developing macular
degeneration and cataracts.
Broccoli, peas and avocados are
also good sources of this powerful
antioxidants.
FISH: Usually fishes are rich in
omega 3 fatty acids which help
in protecting against dry eyes,
macular degeneration and even
cataracts. Among all types of
fishes, Salmon, tuna, Sardines and
Mackerel are good for eyesight.
If you don’t eat seafood, you can
get a good supply of omega-3s by
using fish oil supplements or taking
vegetarian supplements that
contain black currant seed oil or
flaxseed oil.
EGGS: Like Spinach and other
leafy greens, eggs are also good
source of lutein and zeaxanthin.
The Vitamin A in eggs may protect
from night blindness and dry eyes.
In one study, researchers found
that lutein levels increased by 26%,
while zeaxanthin levels increased
by 38% when subjects ate one egg
per day. They also found that eating
an egg-a-day did not impact LDL or
HDL cholesterol or triglycerides.
TOMATOES: Tomatoes contain
carotenoids, including lycopene,
which helps give tomatoes their
vibrant red color. The experts have
proved that lycopene present in
ocular tissues helps prevent light-
induced damage to the retina
and other areas of the eye. Even
tomatoes are rich in Vitamin C
which is another vision protector.
WHOLEGRAINS:Adietcontaining
foods with a low glycemic index
(GI) can help reduce your risk for
age-related macular degeneration.
Swap refined carbohydrates for
quinoa, brown rice, whole oats and
whole-wheatbreadsandpasta.The
vitamin E, zinc and niacin found in
whole grains also help promote
overall eye health.
CITRUS FRUITS AND BERRIES:
Oranges, grapefruits, lemons and
berries are high in vitamin C, which
may reduce the risk of cataracts
and macular degeneration.
OLIVEOIL: AdietthatislowinTrans
and saturated fat helps prevent
retina diseases. Several studies
suggest that a Mediterranean-style
diet (fish, plant-based foods, and
healthy fats) is recommended for
healthy vision. Olive oil is free of
trans fats and low in saturated fat.
So, scientists proved that subjects
consuming most of olive oil were
48% less likely to develop ARMD.
NUTS: Nuts like Almonds, walnuts,
pistachios are rich in omega 3 fatty
acids and Vitamin E which helps in
promoting good vision.
COLORFUL FRUITS AND
VEGETABLES: Foods like
Carrots, tomatoes, bell peppers,
strawberries, pumpkin, corn are
rich sources of Vitamin A and C.
And carotenoids which give color
to these compounds help decrease
the risk of many eye diseases.
FISH OIL, FLAXSEED OIL AND
BLACK CURRANT SEED OIL:
These super supplements contain
omega-3 fatty acids and have
many eye health benefits, including
helping to prevent or control dry
eye syndrome as well as reduce the
risk of macular degeneration and
cataracts.

54
LOVE & ROMANCE
Life Style
Romantic novels
that describes about
passionate lovers1010Love is all about passion and romantic novel are of one of the best means that explains about a
passionate lover. Topless body and extremely delicious men on cover page urges a person to go
through the content of the book and as he goes on reading, something hooks him up till the end. A
reader imagines the feeling of love reading such novel. Check out this all time favorite romantic novels.
1.STEPHANIE MEYER- ‘TWILIGHT SERIES’
An eternal love story between Bella and Edward
where Bella is a sulky teenager and Edward is a
104-year-old vampire. The first series of this novel
was published in 2005. Other novels in the series are
New Moon, Eclipse and Breaking Down.
3.NORA ROBERTS- ‘ANGELS FALL’
This book by Nora Roberts is a combination of thriller
and romance which keeps the readers engaged till
end. But, nonetheless an interesting read.
2.NICHOLAS SPARKS-‘THE NOTEBOOK’
The story represents the harsh realities of life with a
colorful yet dark love story. It highlights on summer
romance and is a favorite among million of readers
worldwide.
4.KRISTIN HANNAH-‘IF YOU BELIEVE’
This book by Hannah is all about love. It defines other relationships as well. The
story explains how two strangers fought against all odds to save their love.

55
5.SUE MONK KIDD-‘THE SECRET LIFE OF
BEES’
The book that topped the best sellers list was also liked by people when
it was made into a movie in 2008 starring Dakota Fanning And Queen
Latifah. The story which takes place in South Carolina in the 1960’s
explores race, love and the idea of home in turbulent times. The book has a
charm to keep you glued to it.
7.KAT MARTIN-‘A SONG FOR MY
MOTHER’
The book which came to the shelf in 2011 is all about
healing and connections. It is about letting go of the
past and finding something so much more important. A
heart-warming tale for a lazy Sunday afternoon!
9.JENNIFER WELNER- ‘THE GUY NOT
TAKEN’
The book is a well written collection of short stories
where readers can relate themselves to story
characters. A perfect story which deals with women,
relationship, families and emotional struggles!
6.JANE GREEN-‘SECOND CHANCE’
In this book, Green tells the story of a group of people who haven’t seen each other
after school when a tragedy makes them to reunite with each other. In this process
of reunion they realized as how their life is linked with each one. Warm, witty and as
wise a s ever, this is a story of friendship, of family and of life coming full circle.
8.MEG CABOT-‘QUEEN OF BABBLE’
A simple story that tells about Lizzie Nichols and her life, when she moved to
England to live with a boy she knew at college. But surprisingly, he doesn’t turns
out to be the same guy she had known college.
10.REBECCA WELL- ‘YA-YAS IN BLOOM’
The book which is a sequel to ‘Ya-Ya Sisterhood’ reveals the roots of
the Ya-Yas friendship in the 1930s and roars through the 60 years of
marriage, child raising and hair-raising family secrets.

56

57

58
Indian
TRAVELOGUE
SARNATH
The deer park in Sarnath is where Gautama Buddha first taught the Dharma, and
where the Buddhist Sangha came into existence through the enlightenment of
Kondanna. Singhpur, a village approximately one km away from the site, was the
birthplace of Shreyansanath, the eleventh Tirthankara of Jainism, and a temple
dedicated to him, is an important pilgrimage site.
Sarnath is a city located 13 kilometres north-east of Varanasi near the
confluence of the Ganges and the Gomati rivers in Uttar Pradesh, India.

59
Sarnath Stupa

60
Indian
TRAVELOGUE
Isipatana is mentioned by the Buddha as one of the four places of pilgrimage which
his devout followers should visit, if they wanted to visit a place for that reason. It
was also the site of the Buddha’s Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta, which was his first
teaching after attaining enlightenment, in which he taught the four noble truths and
the teachings associated with it.

61
Mrigadava means “deer-park”.
Isipatana is the name used in the
Pali Canon, and means the place
where holy men (Pali: isi, Sanskrit:
rishi) landed.
The legend says that when the
Buddha-to-be was born, some
devas came down to announce
it to 500 rishis. The rishis all rose
into the air and disappeared and
their relics fell to the ground.
[citation needed] Another
explanation for the name is that
Isipatana was so called because
sages, on their way through the
air (from the Himalayas), alight
here or start from here on their
aerial flight (isayo ettha nipatanti
uppatanti cati-Isipatanam).
Pacceka Buddhas, having spent
seven days in contemplation in
the Gandhamadana, bathe in the
Anotatta Lake and come to the
habitations of men through the air,
in search of alms. They descend
to earth at Isipatana. Sometimes
the Pacceka Buddhas come to
Isipatana from Nandamulaka-
pabbhara.
Xuanzang quotes the
Nigrodhamiga Jataka (J.i.145ff)
to account for the origin of the
Migadaya. According to him the
Deer Park was a forest given
by the king of Benares of the
Jataka, where deer might wander
unmolested.TheMigadayawasso-
called because deer were allowed
to roam about their unmolested.
Sarnath derives from the Sanskrit
Saranganatha, which means “Lord
oftheDeer,”andrelatestoanother
old Buddhist story in which the
Bodhisattva is a deer and offers his
life to a king instead of the doe the
latter is planning to kill. The king is
so moved that he creates the park
as a sanctuary for deer. The park is
still there today.

62
Indian
HISTORY
DANDI MARCH
It was commenced in accordance with a fixed schedule to be carried on by them during
the long journey ending at Dandi. Undoubtedly, it was a disciplined band of nonviolent
satyagrahis who were to present a new model of satyagraha which later on converted
into a bigger movement at all-India level.
The march on foot undertaken by Gandhi and seventy-eight Congress
volunteers was the most significant event in the history of the breach of salt
law in our country.
The ‘salt satyagraha’ Gandhi undertook to protest the salt tax imposed by the British.
Mahatma Gandhi along with his followers, walked from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi,
Gujarat to make salt, large numbers of Indians following him of their own accord.

63
On 12 March 1930 at 6-10 A.M. Gandhi came out
of his room, calm and composed, accompanied by
Prabhashankar Patani, Mahadev Desai and Pyarelal,
his secretary. He offered prayers, looked at his watch
and exactly at 6.30 A.M. commenced his march with
seventy-eight volunteers1 With his usual gentle
smile, betokening his unifying faith in the justice of
the cause he was pursuing and in the success of the
great campaign he had embarked upon, he headed the
procession with quick and unfaltering steps.
‘Like the historic march of Ram Chandra to Lanka,
the march of Dandi would be memorable’ exclaimed
Motilal Nehru in a message. P.C. Ray called it the
‘exodus of Israelites under Moses.’2 Jawaharlal
Nehru called Gandhi, ‘.... the pilgrim on his quest of
truth, quiet, peaceful, determined and fearless who
would continue that quiet pilgrimage regardless
of consequences.’3 The satyagrahis were to face a
fatiguing journey through heat and dust of the Kheda
villages. Thousands of men, women and children
accompanied the marching column for a few miles
and thousands lined the route and showered flowers,
coins,currencynotesandkumkumatthesatyagrahis4
Following the commencement of his epic Dandi
March, a tremendous wave of enthusiasm swept over
the entire country. The historic day was celebrated
all over India. Calcutta woke that morning amidst
sounds of conch shells and shouts of ‘Gandhiji ki Jai’.
At a conference of the Congress leaders of Bengal a
decision was taken to appoint immediately an ad hoc
council to be called the Bengal Civil Disobedience
Council,withtheobjectofcarryingouttheprogramme
outlined by Gandhiji. J.M. Sen Gupta appealed to all
men and women of the province to enroll themselves
as volunteers for the Civil Disobedience Movement.
He said, ‘Bengal is on trial. She had always been in
the vanguard of the country’s battle for freedom and
cannot lag behind. Let us plunge head-long in the fight
and regain the rights which are ours.’5
In Bombay, a public meeting was held under the
presidentship of K.F. Nariman. He exhorted the
audience to get ready for the fight. The ‘War Council’
of the Bombay Provincial Congress Committee
announced a list of ‘iron-sides’ to join the first
detachment of volunteers from the town6
In Madras, at a public meeting at Tilak Ghat, prayers
were offered for the success of Civil Disobedience
campaignbytheMadrasDistrictCongressCommittee,
Andhra Congress Committee, the Triplicate Congress
Sabha and the political section of the Youth League.
The meeting reiterated India’s resolve to achieve
SwarajbynonviolentmeansunderGandhi’sleadership
by following his path.’7

64
Indian
HISTORY
In Lahore, a band of Congress volunteers paraded the
streets and raised shouts of ‘Mahatma Gandhi Ki Jai’.
Inamammothmeetingofthecitizensofthetown,held
under the auspices of the City Congress Committee,
Maulana Abdul Qadir, in opening the proceedings,
said, ‘The 12th of March would be a red letter day and
it would figure in letters of gold in the future history
of India’8 He hoped that the people of India, from that
day onward would give practical demonstration of
their determination to win freedom. He believed that
as soon as the people of the Punjab would receive the
news of Gandhi’s arrest, they would suspend their
business and work out the plan of the movement9
In Peshawar, the ‘Satyagraha Day’ was observed by
taking out a procession and holding a public meeting.
Resolutions reiterating the
pledge of independence and
wishing Godspeed to the soldiers
of freedom and congratulating
Vallabhbhai Patel on his
imprisonment were unanimously
passed. Besides, a large number
of volunteers were enlisted for
the satyagraha10
Civil Disobedience Day was
celebrated in Delhi in a meeting
attended by about 10,000
persons, including a large number
of ladies. Devdas Gandhi gave the
detailedhistoryofthesalttaxand
called it the most ‘barbarous’ tax
which effected the poor classes,
and pleaded for its abolition
immediately. He also exhorted
the people to observe complete
but peaceful hartal if Mahatma
Gandhi was arrested. 11
Allahabad, the nerve centre of
U. P. politics, witnessed scenes
of enthusiasm in connection with the celebration
of the commencement of the satyagraha campaign.
Jawaharlal Nehru hoisted the national flag over
the building occupied by the offices of the A.I.C.C.,
the City Congress Committee and the All-India
Spinners’ Association, U.P. branch. A large gathering
participated in the ceremony. While addressing the
audience, Nehru said that the pledge of satyagraha
laid stress on nonviolence which was the very basis
of the Civil Disobedience campaign. He warned that
only those who were convinced of the efficacy of that
method either as a creed or as a policy in the present
circumstances of the country, should take the pledge.
He opined that nonviolence was not a convenient
shelter either for cowards or for those who wanted
to prepare for violence. He asked the non-believers in
nonviolence to withdraw from the movement to give
others a chance12
In Ahmedabad, a meeting of the Youth League was
held in which a resolution was passed empowering the
secretaries to enlist volunteers for Civil Disobedience
Movement.Abouttwenty-fivenameswereenlistedon
the spot including two secretaries and Miss Mridula
Ambalal, daughter of a local mill-magnate13
The ‘Dandi March Day’ was observed in Nagpur by
hoistingthenationalflag.Aprocessionpassedthrough
the main bazaars of the town, and, thereafter, a public
meeting was also held. Gandhi’s letter to the Viceroy
was read out and explained to the audience. An appeal
for the enlistment of volunteers
was also made. While exhorting
the people to give the moment
their whole-hearted support M.V.
Abhyankar said, ‘I shall perish in
the struggle for Independence
or live to enjoy freedom after its
achievement.’14
Similar celebrations were held all
overthecountryandconsiderable
enthusiasm was aroused with
people for participating in the
Civil Disobedience Movement.
For the first time, a new spirit
for the attainment of Swaraj—
full and complete—was found
bubbling everywhere. The
Viceroy informed the Secretary
of State on 13 March 1930, ‘Most
of my thought at the moment is
concentrated upon Gandhi. I wish
I felt sure what the right way to
deal with him is.’15
The same day Gandhi and his
satyagrahis reached a small village, Aslali, where
they were received well by the villagers. Gandhi
emphasised the importance of salt and criticised the
salt tax levied by the government. He stated, ‘The
poor destitute villagers do not have the strength
to get this tax repealed. We want to develop this
strength... We should make a resolve that we shall
prepare salt, eat it, sell it to the people and, while
doing so, court imprisonment, if necessary. If, out of
Gujarat’s Population of 90 lakhs, we leave out women
and children, and the remaining 30 lakhs get ready to
violate the salt tax, the Government does not have
enough accommodation in jails to house so many
people.’16

65
Next day, Gandhi, who was apprehensive of his arrest,
informed Jawaharlal Nehru, ‘The news given to me
of my impending arrest was said to be absolutely
authentic. But we have reached the second stage. We
take the third tonight’17
The second halt of the Dandi marchers was at Bareja,
a village with a Population of 2,500. He emphasised
the importance of khadi, its production and use by
the villagers. ‘Khadi is the foundation of our freedom
struggle.... I request you to renounce luxuries and buy
khadi from this heap before you’.
‘We have come forward to win our freedom from
this tyrannical and oppressive Government. If we
cannot put our own house in order in an organized
manner, how shall we run the country’s Government?
I ask you, therefore,
to learn order and
organization.... This
struggle against the
Government on which
we have embarked is
not going to reach its
conclusion with five,
or twenty-five, or even
millions of men getting
killed. We have to look
after other things also
simultaneously.’18
As Gandhi entered
the Kheda district,
m e m o r i e s — s o m e
sweet, some bitter—
filled his mind. It was
while working in
this district that he
became one with the
lives of people. He
had seen nearly all the
villages of the district
and had covered many
of them on foot. He stated, ‘I have come to Navagam in
the middle of a battle... The Government found some
pretext or other to arrest Vallabhbhai... Pressure was
brought to hear on the Magistrate some how to serve
a notice on Sardar and he was arrested. What could a
poor Magistrate do where the entire atmosphere is
vitiated?19
When some headmen and matadars of Kheda district
submitted their resignations as a protest against the
oppressive policy of the government, Gandhi advised
them, ‘Remember that in the resignations you have
handed in, I see God’s hand. The Kheda District has
made an auspicious beginning.’20
At Vasana, where the villagers had gathered to accord
reception to the marchers and listen to their leader,
Gandhi explained that abolition of the salt-tax or
remission of some taxes would not mean swaraj for
them. Winning of swaraj was not going to be so easy as
theymightthink.Itwasonlyawaytoitandbyfollowing
it they would reach the goal of freedom. He had a word
of praise for the headmen of Navagam, Vavdi, Agam,
Mahelaj and other villages who had tendered their
resignations. ‘Why should they stick to Headmanship
for the mere five rupees a month that the government
pays them? If the Collector summons a Headman, let
him say, ‘Give us back our Sardar. Grant us a remission
in land revenue.’21
At Nadiad, a town with a population of thirty-one
thousand, Gandhi reminded the people, ‘Bound by
the chains of slavery, we are being crushed at present
and we want to shake
them off.’ He wished all
government servants
to give up their jobs. A
government job gave
them the power to
tyrannize over others.
Finally, be asked them
to enlist themselves
as volunteers. And
as soon as he got
behind the bars or as
soon as the All-India
Congress Committee
gave a call, they should
come forward to offer
themselves for being
jailed. ‘Then alone
shall I believe that
Nadiad has made its
contribution to our
struggle’22
In a letter to
Jayaprakash Narayan
which Gandhi wrote
from Anand on 17 March, he explained, ‘No where
else have I observed such zeal for sacrifice as has
been displayed by the Ashram women. At present the
women are to a great extent managing the internal
affairs of the Ashram. The chance of acquiring such
experience will never be repeated. I would therefore
advise you to send Prabhavati there. After my arrest
the Ashram women too will court imprisonment. I
think Prabhavati should join them. She is worthy in
every respect.’23
At Anand, an educational centre of Patidars, Gandhi
demanded, ‘In your hands lies the honour of the
Patidars of Charotar. You are like salt in the sea of
Patidars. If the salt loses its savour, wherewith shall
it be salted? Salt is more sapid than either sugar or

66
juggery. The latter may even cause jaundice, whereas
a pinch of salt adds flavour to the meal. If Anand gives
up its savour of courage and such other virtues which
have been attributed to the Patidars are not displayed
in Anand at this juncture, where else can one see
them?.’24
The students’ services to the national cause were
also applauded. They were advised to suspend their
studiesforaslongasthisstrugglecontinued.Formerly,
Gandhi had asked his students to leave schools and to
set up national schools25 But this time he asked them
to leave schools and come out on the ‘battle-field’
and become ‘mendicants’ for the sake of the country.
But he did not ask them to give up their studies for
good, but only to give up book-learning so long as the
struggle lasted26
At Borsad, the reception of Gandhi and his satyagrahis
was celebrated with the immediate announcement of
the resignations of headmen, matadars and ravanias
of twenty villages of the taluka. Over one hundred
village officers of twenty-five villages submitted their
resignations27 The government sources commented,
‘Gandhi’s attention is directed on two points i.e.
resignations of patels and enrolling volunteers. Under
his instructions local workers are trying to get more
resignations under the threat of social boycott.’28
They were warmly received by the village folk. They
werekeentolistentoGandhi’sdiscourse.Heexplained
to them, ‘Our patience has been severely tried. We
must free ourselves from the yoke of this Government
and we are prepared to undergo any hardships that
we may have to suffer in order to secure swaraj. It is
our duty as well as our right to secure swraj.’29
‘Today we are defying the salt law. Tomorrow we shall
have to consign other laws to the waste-paper basket.
Doingsoweshallpractisesuchseverenon-cooperation
thatfinallyitwillnotbepossiblefortheadministration
to be carried on at all. Let the Government then, to
carry on its rule, use guns against us, send us to prison,
hang us. But how many can be given such punishment?
Try and calculate how much time it will take a lakh of
Britishers to hang thirty crores of persons.’30
Gandhionceagainexhortedthestudentstoleavetheir
institutions and join the struggle for independence.
He desired that all students studying in the local high
school and who were above the age of fifteen, and all
teachers too, should enroll themselves. He pleaded
that wherever revolutions had taken place, that is, in
Japan, China, Egypt, Ireland and in England, students
and teachers had played a prominent role. In Europe,
war broke out on 4 August 1914, and when Gandhi
reached England on the 6th of the same month, he
found that students had left colleges and marched out
with arms31
Gandhi further explained that his prostrating himself
on the ground for the sake of removing the hardships
of crores of people was of no avail. He had spared no
efforts in drafting appeals.
He became a revolutionary when politeness and
persuasion proved infructious. He indeed found peace
in describing himself as a revolutionary and appealed
that in a revolution of that nature which was calm,
peaceful and truthful, people should get themselves
enrolled regardless of the religious faith to which
they belonged. He was confident that if they enlisted
themselves with sincerity and if they could keep up
their courage, the salt tax would have been abolished,
this administration would have come to an end and all
the hardships enumerated in the letter to the Viceroy
as well as those which had not been enumerated
would have to cease.
On 19 March, the party of satyagrahis reached
Ras Taluka where Sardar Patel was arrested and
sentenced to prison and in which he had carried on
such a vigorous struggle in 1924 that the Government
had finally to admit its ‘error and mete out justice that
should not have required a struggle. It is as if Sardar
was sentenced to prison as a reward for having served
you’32
During the short stay of Gandhi, some of the headmen
and matadars had handed in their resignations. But
Gandhi expressed unhappiness on the small number
of resignations at Ras. In fact, the headman, talati and
revania were the representatives of the government
in the villages and it was through these persons that
the latter carried on its administration. A village which
was afraid of a handful of men and continued to act in a
manner contrary to its own wishes, neither enhanced
the prestige of the headman, the talati or the revania
nor that of the villagers themselves. Sardar Patel had
been making great effort to end this indignity33
Gandhi praised the services rendered by Sardar
Patel. He also apprised the villagers of his mission.
He explained ‘Sardar neither made speeches nor
came here to foment trouble. Neither the Magistrate
nor you had acted any sort of trouble. The task for
which Sardar had approached you was not a secret
to anyone. A satyagrahi has no secrets..... What
secret can a satyagrahi like Sardar have?’ He had
come there to clear the way for Gandhi and he had
not come there to convey the message regarding
salt. Gandhi was at a loss to know about the offence
committed by Sardar Patel and wondered that a man
of his stature should have been awarded a sentence
Indian
HISTORY

67
of three months’ jail and labeled it a matter of shame
to the Sardar and to the government. Gandhi wished
that a person like Sardar Patel should be sentenced
to a term of seven years’ imprisonment or be exiled.
‘It would not befit the Government to sentence me to
three months’ imprisonment. Exile for life or hanging
would be a punishment fit for a person like me. I am
guilty of sedition. It is my dharma to commit sedition
against the Government. I am teaching this dharma
to the people. A regime under which tyranny is being
perpetrated, under which the rich and the poor are
made to pay the same amount of tax on an item like
salt, under which exorbitant sums are being spent
on watchmen, the police and the army, under which
the highest executive receives a salary which is five
thousand times the income of the cultivator, under
which an annual revenue of 25 crores of rupees is
derived from narcotics and liquor, under which foreign
cloth of the value of Rs. 60 cores is imported every
year, and under which crores of persons continue to
remain unemployed, it is one’s dharma to rise against
and destroy such a regime, to pray that fire may
consume its policies34
Meanwhile, the A.I.C.C. held a meeting on the banks
of the Sabarmati on 20 March. Besides the president
Jawaharlal Nehru, it was attended by other prominent
leaders like Maulana Azad, Sarojini Naidu, P.D.
Tandon, Abbas Tyabji, Darbar Gopaldas, J.B. Kripalani,
N.C. Kalelkar, Kasturba Gandhi, Ansuyabehn and
Mrs. Ambalal35 Many members excused themselves
from attendance on the plea that they were busy
with preparations for Civil Disobedience Movement,
in their own areas36 The leaders met under a sense
of ‘heavy’ responsibility and the result was foregone
conclusion.
By its principal resolution, the A.I.C.C. confirmed
the Working Committee’s resolution authorising
Gandhi to launch Civil Disobedience Movement. It
laid down the conditions under which the various
provinces should start satyagraha on a mass scale37
The Provincial Congress Committees were given
wide discretion about the manner, the form and the
place of Civil Disobedience. It was open to them, to
prepare their provinces for any form of satyagraha,
best suited to them. But it was clearly laid down
that the salt satyagraha should be undertaken in
every province when it was possible. Other forms
of satyagraha might be prepared for, but should be
reserved for the second stage of the campaign38 In
case Gandhi was arrested, the Provincial Congress
Committees should immediately determine to start
Civil Disobedience, and if he was not arrested, they
should await instructions which he might issue on
reaching his destination. He would give the necessary
signal and the Provincial Congress Committees would
beinformedimmediatelythroughtheA.I.C.C.Office39
The Government of India felt much concern over the
resolutionofCongress.TheHomeMembersuggested,
‘itisessentialthatweshouldabletogivetimelywarning
owingtolocalGovernments’40Healsosuggestedthat
the correspondence of the members of the Working
Committee; the correspondence of the head office of
the Congress and of all provincial Congress offices and
provincial Congress Presidents and of any particular
individual whose correspondence in local government
concerned might regard as likely to yield ‘specially
important’ information, should be censured.41
It was barely ten days ago that Gandhi had begun his
historic march and the actual campaign was yet to be
started. The whole country was already in a state of
fervour for a parallel to which one might recollect the
‘hottest days’ of the Non-Cooperation Movement of
1920-22. People in the provinces were planning to
start the movement, and in some cases preliminary
stepshadalreadybeeninitiated.InBengal,forinstance,
which had for the moment, lost both its outstanding
leaders, a ‘War Council’ had been formed. In the
United Provinces, the Provincial Congress Committee
had started a satyagraha committee consisting of
prominent leaders, including the President of the
Congress himself. Judging from the signs, the whole
country appeared to be in the throes of an agitation of
unprecedented magnitude.

68
TECHNOLOGY
6,999~
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a new value-for-money, BUDGET SMARTPHONE, named YU YUPHORIA.
The name Yuphoria was crowd sourced. At Rs 6,999, the pricing is also lower
and is similar to the likes of the Xiaomi Redmi 2 and Lenovo A6000 Plus.
SUPERIOR CRAFTSMANSHIP IN METAL
The highlight of the phone is its metal frame which
is curved all over and has rounded corners with a
smooth matte finish. There are two small bands the
top and bottom edge of the phone that features 3.5
mm headset jack and micro-USB port. The right
edge features the three metal buttons, a long power
key is sandwiched between the volume rocker keys.
They are placed within easy reach and offer good
tactile feedback and are pretty responsive. The
back panel hides a removable battery along with
two micro SIM-card slots and a MicroSD card slot.
You can see see a ring surrounding the camera lens
in the back, which embeds the LED flash.
DISPLAY
Thefrontportionisdominatedbya5-inchHD
IPS display (720x1280p). Yuphoria comes
with Corning Gorilla Glass 3 protection.

69
SOFTWARE
YU Yuphoria runs Cyanogen OS
12, a custom aftermarket version of
Android 5.0 Lollipop developed by
Cyanogen. Cyanogen OS 12 features
an App Themer, Boxer powered
Cyanogen Email and Truecaller dialer
integration.
CAMERA
YU Yuphoria features 8MP rear
camera (f2.2 aperture) with LED
flash and a 5MP front camera
(f2.0) with 86 degree wide angle
lens. The CyanogenMod Camera
app offers granular settings for
controls, including size, quality,
shutter speed, focus duration,
focus mode and ISO. The app also
offers Panorama, Burst and HDR
modes.
Yuphoria is worth for its money paid.
ForRs6999Yuphoriaisabletoprovide
the features of a high-end smartphone.
The features available is what is
required for a customer who is in
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be rated in the user point of view with
8.5 out of 10. The cost and features will
never disappoint the customer.

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