The document discusses themes in National Geographic magazine such as social hierarchy and universal humanity. It analyzes how NG represented cultural differences in ways that helped create and reinforce social hierarchies. NG portrayed non-Western cultures as primitive contrasts to the modern West. This encoding of cultural hierarchy through images supported theories of social evolution and the idea that Western colonial domination benefited less developed peoples. The document also examines how NG blurred the lines between science, entertainment, and art in its representations of other cultures.