The presentation will address the variety of industry and scientific trends that patent and more particularly Markush structure data can demonstrate. Case studies will show how structural and other patent features can help make sense of large and apparently disparate sets of data.

1. MARKUSH FOR PATENT ANALYSIS
Steve Hajkowski
ChemAxon UGM Budapest 2013

2. THOMSON REUTERS MARKUSH DATA
• Indexing for 2.4 million patent families
– 1.6m Markush structures, re-drawn & stored in Thomson Reuters vmn
file format
– 1.98m specific compounds
– plus the corresponding DWPI records
– 28 patent issuing authorities covered
• backfile from 1978 for US, EP and WO patents
– covers pharmaceutical, agrochemical and general chemistry patents
• Indexed as part of the editorial process that creates Derwent World
Patents Index (DWPI)
– Informative English language titles & abstracts from worldwide patents
– Patent family listing, patent assignees

3. COVERAGE START DATES
Austria 1987 Korea 2008
Australia 1987 Malaysia 2010
Belgium 1987 Netherlands 1987
Brazil 2010 New Zealand 1987
Canada 1987 PCT/WO
1978 (Pharma); 1982 (Agro + Gen.
Chem.)
China 2008 Poland 2011
European Patents
1978 (Pharma); 1982 (Agro +
Gen. Chem.)
Russia 1993-1998 and 2010 to date
France
1961-1976 (FR-M); 1978
(Pharma); 1982 (Agro + Gen
Chem)
South Africa 1987
Germany
1980 (Pharma); 1983-84 and
1987 to date (Agro + Gen.
Chem.)
Spain 2010
Great Britain
1980 (Pharma); 1983-84 and
1987 to date (Agro + Gen.
Chem.)
Sweden 1987
Gulf Cooperation Council 2008 Switzerland 1987
India 2000 Thailand 2010
Ireland 1987 United States
1978 (Pharma); 1982 (Agro + Gen.
Chem.)
Japan 1987 Vietnam 2010

4. MARKUSH DATA ACCESS
• Markush structure data available alongside corresponding
specific compounds & DWPI records
• Load into ChemAxon’s JChem database tools
• Resulting solution gives access to full chemistry & patents
dataset
– data can be searched, enumerated & integrated into the
customer’s own systems & workflows
4

5. JCHEM MARKUSH BENEFITS
• Structure data displayed alongside high quality
patent summaries from DWPI
– includes abstract, patent assignee, patent family, activities
& mechanisms of action
• Time saving visualisation and enumeration
capabilities enable fast relevance analysis of hit
structures/patents
• Enumerated structures are in standard format
allowing easy integration with other chemistry
datasets/tools

6. USE CASES
• Novelty searching by IP departments
– Easy assessment of structural proximity of query structure
to hit Markush
• Screening of new structures against existing IP
• Potential use in white-space identification, patent
busting etc.
• Creation of libraries of specifics for use in other
systems

7. MARKUSH PATENT ANALYSIS
• What can analysis of Markush and DWPI patent data
tell us about global patenting trends in 2012?
• > 8000 patents claiming new pharmaceutical Markush
structures
• > 3700 patents claiming new non-pharma Markush
structures

8. MARKUSH PHARMA PATENTING
COMPANIES 2012
Number of patents Company
129 MERCK & CO
119 ROCHE
82 BAYER AG
60 ABBOTT
59 GLAXOSMITHKLINE
57 NOVARTIS
57 CENTRE NATIONAL RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE
55 BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM
54 SANOFI AVENTIS
52 BRISTOL-MYERS SQUIBB
51 MERCK PATENT GMBH
42 JOHNSON & JOHNSON
41 ALLERGAN
39 TAKEDA PHARMA
37 PFIZER
30 COUNCIL SCI&IND RES INDIA
27 SHIONOGI
26 DAIICHI SANKYO
25 UNIV CALIFORNIA

9. MARKUSH PHARMA PATENTING
TERRITORIES IN 2012

10. MARKUSH CHEMICAL PATENTING
COMPANIES 2012
Number of patents Company
164 SUMITOMO CHEMICAL CO
90 BAYER CROPSCIENCE
82 BASF
65 MERCK PATENT GMBH
61 FUJI FILM CO
42 SEMICONDUCTOR ENERGY LAB
40 SYNGENTA
39 ROHM&HAAS ELECTRONIC MATERIALS KOREA
38 CANON KK
38 OCEANS KING LIGHTING SCI&TECHNOLOGY CO
37 IDEMITSU KOSAN CO LTD
36 DU PONT
34 HAIYANGWANG LIGHTING TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
34 NIPPON KAYAKU KK
34 POLITECHNIKA WROCLAWSKA
30 JNC CORP
28 KOREA RES INST CHEM TECHNOLOGY
27 TOSOH CORP
26 TIANJIN DEKAI CHEM LTD

11. MARKUSH CHEMICAL PATENTING
TERRITORIES IN 2012

12. MARKUSH CASE STUDY
• Analysis of all Markush patents claiming new
molecules containing the structure fragment below
– look at companies, timeframes, activities, inventors

13. SEARCH RESULTS
• A structure search of the Thomson Reuters data
generates hits from 122 patents, with hits found
back to 1988

14. SAMPLE HITS
New heterocyclic derivatives useful for treating cardiovascular
diseases,hypertension, ischemic heart disease,
atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome
CTG PHARMA SRL WO2008122356A1 20081016
Novel benzyloxymethyl-4-chloro-imidazol
methyl-biphenyl-tetrazole group containing compound
useful for treating diseases associated withperoxisome
proliferator-activated receptor-gamma, e.g. diabetes and
angiocardiopathy
SHANGHAI AILISI MEDICINE SCI & TECHNOLOGY
WO2008110062A1 20080918

15. SAMPLE HITS
New 2-butyl-4-chloro-imidazol-5-yl-methyl ester
compound used for preparing drugs for prophylaxis
and/or treating high blood pressure or correlative
diseases including pulmonary arterial hypertension,
coronary heart disease and/or migraine
WANG J CN101475565A 20090708
Forming biphenyltetrazole derivatives useful to treat e.g.
stroke involves reacting 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxymethyl
protected biphenyltetrazole compounds with nucleophilic
reagent and subsequent deprotection ofprotecting group
SIMS SOC ITAL MEDICINALI SCANDICCI SRL
WO--2008012852A1

16. TOP 10 COMPANIES
Number of patents Company
17 MERCK & CO INC
8 NICOX SA
7 DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO
7 KOTOBUKI SEIYAKU CO LTD
6 MERCK PATENT GMBH
4 NITROMED INC
4 TANABE SEIYAKU CO
4 THERAVANCE INC
3 DIPHARMA SPA
3 SANKYO CO LTD

17. TOP PATENT COUNTRIES

18. PATENTING TIMELINE

19. DRUG ACTIVITIES CLAIMED
% of Patents Activity
88 Hypotensive
64 Cardioactive
47 Renal active
43 Anti-cholesterol
43 Eye preparations
34 Circulatory active
32 Antipsychotic
30 Coronary dilator
28 Antimetabolite
27 Antiinflammatory
25 Enzyme inhibitor

20. TOP INVENTORS AT MERCK
Number of patents Inventor
9 LO M M
8 ALI A
6 ALMIRANTE N
5 STEFANINI S
4 BIONDI S
4 CHAKRAVARTY P K
4 FRANKLIN C
4 GREENLEE W J
4 NARGUND R P
4 PATCHETT A A
4 SEBHAT I K

21. SUMMARY
• Markush analysis allows us to view the chemistry
patent lansdcape
– broad view of trends for companies, countries etc
– narrower view for particular structure types
• shows which companies are active, trends over time, top
inventors, drug activities etc.

22. Thank you