The document provides an overview of the New Deal programs implemented during FDR's presidency from 1933-1939 to address the Great Depression. It discusses relief programs that put billions into the pockets of poor Americans and put people back to work. While unemployment dropped from 13 million to 9 million from 1933-1936, the economy experienced a downturn in 1937, with unemployment rising again to 10 million by 1939. The New Deal faced criticisms from big business and those who thought it didn't go far enough. It had mixed impacts, providing some benefits to workers, labor unions, and the unemployed, but did not adequately help women, minorities, farmworkers, or the poor.

1. Feb. 22, 2013
US History
Mrs. Doty
cdoty@pgcps.org
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2. Impact of the New Deal
• Objectives: Students will be able to analyze the
New Deal in order to evaluate the success and
failure of it.
• Agenda:
– Homework – Go to Discovery Education and complete
posted assignments by next Thursday Feb. 28 at
midnight. Post all assignments in Discovery Education
– Lesson Today – Analyzing the New Deal Textbook pp.
723 to 729
– Reading for next week – pp 736 - 745

3. Relief Programs 1933 - 1935
• Put billions of
dollars into the
pockets of Poor
Americans
• Millions of people
enjoyed some
form of help from
the Depression
• Put people back to
work

4. New Deal 1933 - 1936
• 13 millions unemployed in
1933
• 9 million unemployed in
1936
• Economy improved above
levels before the 1929
Crash 1936
• Wages, factory output was
higher than before 1929
Crash 1933

5. Name 4 Positive Things About the
New Deal
1.
2.
3
4.

6. 1937 - 1939
• Economic Downturn 1937
1937 and 1938
• By 1939 10 million
people were unemployed
• The Economy had lost
grains
1939

7. Unemployment, 1929-1942

8. Describe two things that happened
from 1937 to 1939 in US
1.
2.

9. The End of the New Deal
• 1938 saw the end of the
New Deal
• The “Roosevelt
Recession” of 1937 was
the result of FDR’s
attempt to reduce
government spending &
balance the budget

10. Critics of the New Deal
• Not popular with Big Business
• Business lost confidence did not expand to create jobs
• Too much Government control
• Some thought the New Deal didn’t go far enough and
the government should have spent more to help
unemployment

11. Name 2 things that were criticisms
about the New Deal
1.
2.

12. The Impact of
the New Deal

13. Fair Labor Standards Act 1938
• Labor Laws were created to protect workers
• 44 hour week
• Unemployment Benefits
• Minimum wages – the lowest wage a person
can earn per hour
• Overtime pay of time and a half
• Did not include Farmworkers

14. The Impact on Organized Labor
• For the 1st time, unskilled & skilled laborers
were unionized:
– Women & African-Americans benefited because
they made up a large % of unskilled labors
– While the New Deal’s Wagner Act helped make
unions stronger, major steps to unionize were
initiated by the unions themselves, not the federal
gov’t

15. Name 4 Positive Things for Labor as a
Result of the New Deal
1.
2.
3.
4.

16. The Impact on Women
• Few economic benefits to
women:
– The New Deal allowed for
unequal wages; Social
Security, minimum wage laws
offered little help for women
• But, women did see gains in
Government
– The 1st female cabinet
member, Senator,
ambassadors, & judges were
appointed under FDR

17. The 1st female cabinet member:
The 1st female Senator:
Francis Perkins (Dept of Labor)
Hattie Caraway (D-Arkansas)

18. Impact on African Americans
• Racism & segregation remained strong during the
Depression
• Lower wage scales for black workers

19. Impact on African Americans
• Minimum wage & SS did not apply to farmers
& domestic servants (65% were black)
• Blacks experienced 50 % unemployment rate

20. Mariam Anderson
• African American Singer
• Went to Europe became
famous
• Daughter of American
Revolution Hall refused to
let her sing in 1939 in DC
Mrs. Roosevelt arranged for her to sing on the
steps of the Lincoln Memorial with over 75,000
people

21. Eleanor Roosevelt with
singer Marian Anderson

22. New Deal
Impacts on African Americans
1.
2.

23. The Impact on Mexican-Americans
• Mexican-Americans fared
even worse than blacks:
– The Dust Bowl led to a flood
of whites into the agricultural
fields in the southwest
– Congress created immigration
restrictions & allowed for the
deportation of illegal
residents to reduce state
welfare payments
– Received few New Deal
benefits

24. The Impact on the South & West
• The South & West benefited the most from the New
Deal:
– The Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) helped end
Southern dependence on sharecropping in favor of a
wage labor system

25. The Impact on the WEST
• The South & West
benefited the most from
the New Deal:
– The West received more
work relief & welfare than
any region
– Hydroelectric power &
irrigation programs
helped residents

26. Conclusion:
The New Deal &
American Life

27. The New Deal and American Life
• The New Deal lasted only 5 years (1933-1938);
The majority of laws came in 2 bursts in 1933
& 1935

28. The New Deal and American Life
• The New Deal was not very successful
economically:
– Helped relieve suffering but did not end the
Depression
– American wealth remained unequally distributed

29. The New Deal & American Life
• The New Deal was more successful socially:
– Social Security, Wagner Act, & the Fair Labor
Standards Act helped elderly & disabled citizens,
labor unions, & workers

30. The New Deal & American Life
• The New Deal was more successful socially:
– The New Deal did not help women,
minorities, domestic workers, or small
farmers

31. The New Deal and American Life
• The New Deal was most successful politically:
– FDR’s leadership unified a new Democratic voting bloc
– FDR used his leadership & optimism to provide a vital
psychological lift to help citizens endure the Great
Depression

32. After the New Deal
• After 1938 election, Roosevelt lacked support
• Unable to pass more New Deal Style laws

33. Seek Peace 1930s
• 1930s in Europe saw war, dictators and more
war
• Roosevelt did not want to lead the US into
War
• He said we “…Must seek peace”