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California Community College Participation Maps
- 1. California Competes: Higher Education for a Strong Economy In preparation for California Competes Council meeting, October 2013 Patterns of participation: California’s community colleges
- 2. Who enrolls depends in part on the location and funding of community colleges… 2
- 3. …participation also depends on what the college offers and how it is promoted…
- 4. …and it depends on many other factors too, including: The programs and courses offered Class schedules Preparation and advising at area high schools Counseling by the college Admissions and registration processes Deadlines, waiting lists Reputation of the college, the program, the instructors Parking, traffic, and public transportation Financial aid staffing and approach Athletics Diversity, language Friends & relatives 4
- 5. 600 and above 500-600 400-500 300-400 Below 300 As a result of all of these factors and more, the intensity of community college enrollment varies across the state FTE per 10,000 adults: Highest Lowest Average 5
- 6. What about need? We should perhaps be concerned that Oakland’s impoverished Fruitvale area has only average community college participation. 6
- 7. But it is neither surprising nor worrisome that relatively few people in San Francisco’s tony Pacific Heights area take community college classes. 7
- 8. The interactive map allows us to show only the areas with greater need Here, we exclude zip codes where a large proportion of the adults already have college degrees (40% of more with an associate’s degree or higher) 8
- 9. L.A. – Inland – Orange showing all zips Note of caution: geographically large areas like these up here often have very small populations 9
- 10. L.A. – Inland – Orange low attainment zips only (<30%) 10
- 11. Also needy but not going High rates of CCC enrollment 50,000 adults, ¾ Black and Latino, only 18% with degrees. 26,000 adults, 39% Black and Latino, only 24% with degrees. 36,500 adults, 94% Black and Latino, only 9% with degrees. In the high-enrollment zips, more than a third of the students are attending College of the Canyons 37 miles to the northwest! 11
- 12. With the less needy areas now showing, you can see heavy participation from Santa Monica and Glendale. (Note: need is measured by community—the students from these areas are not necessarily less needy.) 12
- 13. Orange County showing all zips 13
- 14. Orange County low attainment zips only (<30%) 14
- 15. Orange County high attainment zips only (>40%) 15
- 16. Inland Empire all zips CCC participation is much lower in the Inland Empire than in Orange County (see prior slides). 16
- 17. Inland Empire low attainment zips only 17
- 19. San Diego low attainment zips only 19
- 20. Fresno area all zips 20
- 21. Bakersfield area all zips 21
- 22. All zips 22
- 23. Average and low attainment zips only (<40%) 23
- 24. All zips 24
- 26. Sacramento area all zips 26
- 27. Sacramento area low attainment areas only 27
- 28. College location does make a difference, especially in more remote areas like these in far northern California 28
- 29. All zips 29
- 30. Average and low attainment zips only (<40%) 30
- 31. Santa Barbara all zips 31
- 32. All zips 32
- 34. Draft policy recommendations Establish participation targets by area, taking attainment and other need factors into consideration. Create financial incentives for colleges to enroll and successfully serve adults from needy areas. Allow colleges to establish locations outside of their technical district boundaries. Enlist assistance from high schools and outreach programs in high-need low-participation areas. 34
Hinweis der Redaktion
- Photo: Santa Ana College? ranchovisions.wordpress.com - 3008 × 1960 - by Jason Kehler
- Who enrolls is affected by a colleges’ decisions about:ExampleCredentials to offerLiberal arts transfer, nursing, radiology, truck driving, culinary arts, and hundreds more.Courses to offerLogistics, literature, remedial math, statistics, ceramics, history, robotics, swimming, graphics arts, and thousands more.Seats availableDepends on the number of sections offered (which depends on faculty hiring and workloads) and class sizes.Class locationsMost classes are held at one of XXX campuses and centers. Course credits can also be earned online and through flexible independent study.Course schedulingMorning, afternoon, evening, weekend; the number of sessions per week; the clustering of related courses.OutreachHigh school presentations, advertising, social media, and other efforts to provide information about programs, support and financial aid to targeted populations.AdvisingHelp in figuring out which of the hundreds of possible pathways to start out on, and how to be successful.BureaucracyMethods of identifying options, enrolling in programs and courses, and getting financial aid, bus vouchers, parking, etc.RevenueIn addition to state appropriations (and local revenue bonds that finance facilities), colleges expand enrollment and services by enrolling full-pay out-of-state students, full-pay community services, and donationsResponsivenessA college’s reputation for finding ways to serve demonstrated community or student needs contributes to student interest in enrolling. From CCLC brainstorm:Schedule: start dates, time of courses (morning, afternoon, evening), and whether can take more than one course conveniently without having to go back and forth to the collegeParkingCost, financial aid, and knowledge about itRetraining – whether they see it as offeredProcess of signing up on the web siteDiversity – are people like me already enrolledLanguageAvailability of seat in the program they’re interested in, and being able to get through Existence of a waiting list can drive them awayTransfer rate, completion rateRelationship with a neighboring universityFriends, neighbors, relativesKnow they can get a jobAthleticsInternships
- Acquire community college enrollment data by zip code for 2010-11. (Cerritos problem, adjust). Headcount and FTE.(Yes, Burbank is a “census place” near San Jose in addition to being a city in southern California)Match to census data on population, ethnicity, unemployment, poverty, and postsecondary degree attainment– by ZCTA.Added college locations. Centers??Below 300 = very low (about the bottom 10% of the 18+ population)300-400 = low (about the next 25%400-500 = average (about the middle 33%; the average is 450 and median is 438)500-600 = high (68th to 89th percentile) -- 600 and above = very high (top 11%)
- Fewer than 20% with at least an associate’s degree20-29%30-39%40-49%50% and upWeighted by population they aren't too terribly far from quintiles:23.00%24.49%18.85%14.88%18.79%I didn't try weighting by 18+ population
- Fewer than 20% with at least an associate’s degree20-29%30-39%40-49%50% and upWeighted by population they aren't too terribly far from quintiles:23.00%24.49%18.85%14.88%18.79%I didn't try weighting by 18+ population
- Need measured by degree attainment – adults who already have a degree
- Bottom two attainment areas (under 30%)
- ZCTAs 90057 and 90017 (17, 55, 81, 84, 88) – east of the 110 (east downtown LA)18% college attainmentcombined 50K adults, ¾ black and latino, 40%+ poverty, 233 and 279 CCCPI = 250LA City (to the north) 40%LATT (to the south) 20%Santa Monica 16% 90063 (just west of the 710, south of CSULA and the 10) 36,500 adultsCollege attainment only 9%97% black and latino, 24% povertyCCCPI 726!East LA (to the east) 42%College of the Canyons (37 miles north) 41%Dark is 90012CCCPI of 954!40% College of the CanyonsEast LA 36% (why not LATT?)
- Santa Monica: 691 (darkest), attainmentGlendale: 705
- all
- Lower two attainment groups (under 30)
- Highest two attainment groups
- All attainment layers – notice the 628 where Mount SAC is (left side in the middle, 53% attainment). To it’s right is a 381 PI area that is 80% Black and Latino, 18% attainment Note also Chaffey (mid north) and its fairly strong enrollment (503-564)
- ONLY the bottom two attainment layers (below 30%) the Mount SAC and Chaffey high participation areas are out.
- All
- Lower attainment areas – Southwestern is the southwestern college serving the high population areas on the bottom. SD City is the one downtown. Upper middle is Grossmont (left side is Miramar and Mesa)
- All
- All attainment layers
- Average and lower two attainment areas.No college between Merritt and Chabot?
- Contra Costa, DVC, and Los Medanos
- Average and lower two attainment areas –DVC is the highest attainment area AND has the highest CCCPI: 903 (15% black and latino)Concord zips right next door (94520, 22, 24, 27) are 55% black and latino, 21% attainment, and PI of 397 -- LESS THAN HALF.
- Lower two attainment layers: American River, Sac City, and Cosumnes River all on the left (Folsom Lake on the right)
- College of the Siskiyous,Shasta College, Lassen
- Average and bottom two layersFrom upper left: CSM, Canada, Foothill, De Anza, West Valley, up to Mission, Burbank=San Jose City, upper right is Ohlone, and right is Evergreen Valley.Cupertino PI is 658. The SJ City College zip is just under 500 (498) – and only 36% going to SJ City, another 20% going each to WV and De Anza. The Santa Clara zip is equally SJ City and De Anza.
- PPI of 1223 (8K adults) where SBCC is. High attainment area, as are most of the dark areas.
- Cabrillo, Gavilan, Hartnell, MPC
- Cabrillo is serving a very high-attainment area. These remaining are average and low attainment areas (Gilroy is just into the average territory). Hollister and Prunedale are more needy. Watsonville is in lowest layer (19%) of attainment. Two areas of Salinas are interesting – PPI of 638 (20K adults) versus 295 (38K adults)