1. Osteoporosis Related BehaviorsOsteoporosis Related Behaviors
Among Middle-Aged WomenAmong Middle-Aged Women
Two Years Following anTwo Years Following an
InterventionIntervention
Chelsea A. HewittChelsea A. Hewitt
Department of Health ScienceDepartment of Health Science

2. AbstractAbstract
 The purpose of this study was to examine osteoporosisThe purpose of this study was to examine osteoporosis
behaviors of middle-aged women after two years frombehaviors of middle-aged women after two years from
intervention participation. The group studied (n=30) hadintervention participation. The group studied (n=30) had
bone density readings in the low normal range. The womenbone density readings in the low normal range. The women
were first screened for osteoporosis, then they were offeredwere first screened for osteoporosis, then they were offered
educational classes, and last they were sent a survey twoeducational classes, and last they were sent a survey two
years later to follow-up on behavior changes. The results ofyears later to follow-up on behavior changes. The results of
the survey confirmed that the women’s alcohol and caffeinethe survey confirmed that the women’s alcohol and caffeine
intake did not exceed recommendations; they met dairyintake did not exceed recommendations; they met dairy
intake recommendations; most of the women with low dairyintake recommendations; most of the women with low dairy
intake consumed calcium supplements, and over half of theintake consumed calcium supplements, and over half of the
women consumed a multivitamin.women consumed a multivitamin.

3. OsteoporosisOsteoporosis
 Is fragile bone diseaseIs fragile bone disease
 Is skeletal failureIs skeletal failure
 Is the “silent thief”Is the “silent thief”
 Causes 1.5 million fractures/yrCauses 1.5 million fractures/yr
 Affects more than 20 million US womenAffects more than 20 million US women
 1 in 2 women and 1 in 8 men over age 501 in 2 women and 1 in 8 men over age 50
will suffer an osteoporotic fracture.will suffer an osteoporotic fracture.
 Results in excessive morbidity, crippling,Results in excessive morbidity, crippling,
disfigurement, suffering and dependencydisfigurement, suffering and dependency
 Costs $17 billion/yearCosts $17 billion/year

4. Every 20 seconds osteoporosis causesEvery 20 seconds osteoporosis causes
a fracture.a fracture.
71% of people with osteoporosis are71% of people with osteoporosis are
undiagnosed.undiagnosed.

5. PurposePurpose
To examine osteoporosis-related behaviorsTo examine osteoporosis-related behaviors
of middle-aged women two years afterof middle-aged women two years after
participation in an osteoporosisparticipation in an osteoporosis
education program.education program.

6. MethodsMethods
 Participants (n=30)Participants (n=30)
 Participated in a theory-Participated in a theory-
based osteoporosisbased osteoporosis
prevention programprevention program
 Surveys to assessSurveys to assess
knowledge, attitudes andknowledge, attitudes and
behaviors werebehaviors were
administered following theadministered following the
program and at follow upprogram and at follow up
two years later.two years later.

7. MethodsMethods
 To assess behaviors, theTo assess behaviors, the OsteoporosisOsteoporosis
Preventing Behaviors SurveyPreventing Behaviors Survey
developed by Doheny and Sedlak wasdeveloped by Doheny and Sedlak was
administered.administered.

8. Theory-BasedTheory-Based
Osteoporosis PreventionOsteoporosis Prevention
ProgramProgram
E ducational C lasses Screening Individual C onsultation
and R eferral
P rogram C om ponents

9. MethodsMethods
 Design: Cross sectionalDesign: Cross sectional
 Two years following an intervention,Two years following an intervention,
osteoporosis-related behaviors wereosteoporosis-related behaviors were
examined.examined.
 The selected women had bone densityThe selected women had bone density
readings in the low normal range (t-readings in the low normal range (t-
scores=-0.09 to 0.0)scores=-0.09 to 0.0)

10. Behavior scores at 2 year follow upBehavior scores at 2 year follow up
BehaviorBehavior Mean valueMean value
Carbonated BeveragesCarbonated Beverages .33 drinks/week.33 drinks/week
CoffeeCoffee 1.3 drinks/week1.3 drinks/week
Dairy Intake TotalDairy Intake Total 12.9 products/week12.9 products/week
SmokingSmoking 00
LiquorLiquor .23 drinks/week.23 drinks/week
WineWine 2.4 drinks/week2.4 drinks/week
BeerBeer .76 drinks/week.76 drinks/week
Hormone ReplacementHormone Replacement .2.2
Calcium SupplementsCalcium Supplements .7.7
Multiple VitaminMultiple Vitamin .6.6
Calcium TTM stageCalcium TTM stage 44
Weight Bearing TTMWeight Bearing TTM 3.73.7

11. Moderation = 1 drink or less a day for healthy women.
Source USDA

12. Dairy recommendations = 3
servings/day Source USDA
Caffeine intake did
not exceeded daily
recommendations

13. No women were taking Fosamax

15. 1-No, and I do not intend to in the next 6 months.
2-No, but I intend to in the next 6 months.
3-No, but I intend to in the next 30 days.
4-Yes, I have been, but for less than 6 months.
5-Yes, I have been for more than 6 months.

16. Do you get
1200-1500 mg
of calcium
everyday
through some
combination of
food and
calcium
supplements?
1-No, and I do not intend to in the next 6 months.
2-No, but I intend to in the next 6 months.
3-No, but I intend to in the next 30 days.
4-Yes, I have been, but for less than 6 months.
5-Yes, I have been for more than 6 months.

17. ConclusionsConclusions
 The women of the study consumed adequateThe women of the study consumed adequate
amounts of calcium, whether it be through dairyamounts of calcium, whether it be through dairy
consumption or supplements.consumption or supplements.
 Caffeine and alcohol intake did not exceededCaffeine and alcohol intake did not exceeded
daily recommendations.daily recommendations.
 Majority of the participants have been engagingMajority of the participants have been engaging
in weight bearing exercise for more than 6in weight bearing exercise for more than 6
months.months.
 Majority of the participants have beenMajority of the participants have been
consuming the recommended 1200-1500 mg ofconsuming the recommended 1200-1500 mg of
calcium for more than 6 months.calcium for more than 6 months.

18. ConclusionConclusion
Theory-based educational interventions mayTheory-based educational interventions may
be effective in assisting women to practicebe effective in assisting women to practice
osteoprotective lifestyle behaviors both inosteoprotective lifestyle behaviors both in
the short and long term.the short and long term.