1. Photo : Amare Haileslassie ICRISAT/ILRI
Science and implementation of the SA
Dryland System: Progress, Lessons &
Challenges Ahead
Haileslassie, Whitbread, Krishna, Wani
Science & implementation workshop/Amman (30/06-4/07/14)
2. Topics of Presentation
—Location and characteristics of the action sites
—What do we want to achieve ?
—Key research questions, methods, scales and
partners
—Synopsis of activities implemented and
emerging issues
—Lessons and Challenges
3. Location and characteristics of the
action sites
—Agro pastoral
systems
—Irrigation
systems
—Tree based
systems
—Intensive
rainfed
systems
4. Location and characteristics of the
action sites
—Rainfall gradients ~600-150mm
—Diversity in soil and thus the soil-
water dynamics influencing
agricultural practices (sand- clay
texture)
—Extensive & intensive and farming
systems
—Systems undergoing rapid
changes (e.g. migration, non-farm
employment)
Photo : Amare Haileslassie
ICRISAT/ILRI
Photo : Amare Haileslassie
ICRISAT/ILRI
5. Location and characteristics of the
action sites
—Yield instability
(Anantapur) and high
CV (Rajastahn)
—Changes in the
structures of farming
systems (e.g.
livestock species, land
holding size)
—Production systems
and livelihoods in
transition: how can we
support?
Haileslassie et al…2013
IncomeinIndianrupees
6. What we want to achieve & research
questions
—Generating knowledge on the present
performances of production systems.
— What are structural components of the system and their
interactions;
— What are the functional components of the system ( e.g.
input levels and types and output level achieved over
time); and status of the system (e.g. stability, risk ).
—Improving system performances & associated
livelihoods.
— What are farmers livelihood objectives and how it
matches with the current level of livelihood outcomes.
— What are the options and scenarios to achieve higher
level of performances.
— Trade-off analysis.
7. High Level Activities to address the RQ
—Baseline characterization of systems function and structure
and ex-ante impact assessment of selected technologies ( DP,
PC)
—Identification, demonstration and validation of promising
technologies and diversification options for enhanced
productivity & livelihood security (PC, Piloting)
—Gender inclusive capacity strengthening of individuals,
community and institutions on knowledge gaps and promising
technologies (PC)
—Enabling institutional and policy options for enhanced
adoption, resilience and market access for improved
livelihoods ( PC)
— Monitoring and evaluation of project interventions and trade
offs (DP)
8. How we want to do this: partners
—Regional coordinator: ICRISAT
—CGIAR partners: Bioversity, CIP, ICARDA, ICRAF,
ILRI, IWMI…. Level of collaboration and
integration
—NARS partners: Indian Council Agricultural
Research (ICAR), Indian Agricultural Ministries,
Pakistan Agricultural Research Council (PARC),
Ministry of Agriculture (Afghanistan)
—Agricultural Universities: University of Agricultural
Sciences, Karnataka; Acharya NG Ranga
Agricultural University, Andhra Pradesh
—National & State-based NGOs: BAIF, GRAVIS,
9. Scales: 6 Districts, 15 villages, Nested approach
How we want to do this: scales and
tools/methods
Tools and methods: Geospatial; Participatory;
Empirical, Simulation, Optimization
14. Activities and Outputs
Emerging issues : e) Relation between different
income sources and implications
Key message : how can the different livelihood sources
complement each other?
15. Activities and Outputs
Emerging issues : f) Household vulnerability-Andhra
Pradesh (income at Rs. 15,472 and Rs.36,500 per
year) plotted against ln (income)
18. Activities and Outputs
Emerging issues : h) Scenarios and their ex-ante
impacts
Scenario 2:
PL= Rs.42.4/day for Andhra Pradesh, Rs.179.3/day for Karnataka
and Rs. 54.9/day for Rajasthan.
HI: increased income of the household(21% for Andhra Pradesh,
24% for Karnataka and 19% for Rajasthan due to adaption of
improved strategies)
Scenario 4:
PL=Rs.100/day
HI: increased income of the household (21% for Andhra Pradesh,
24% for Karnataka and 19% for Rajasthan due to adaption of
improved strategies)
Scenario 6:
PL=Rs.200/day.
HI: increased income of the household (21% for Andhra Pradesh,
24% for Karnataka and 19% for Rajasthan due to adaption of
improved strategies)
19. Activities and Outputs
Emerging issues : j) Land use land cover maps
Land use / Land cover
01. Irrigated-mixedcrops
02. Rainfed-mixedcrops
03. Rangelands/fallow
04. Rangelands/shrublands
05. Shrublands/wastelands/trees
06. Water bodies
07. Builtup lands
Watersheds
29. — Partnership building, baseline
establishment, piloting…
— Coherent framework for research
and development continuum….
— Integration across regions and
partners is needed- ( activities in
Pak, India…
— Conceptual framework for
regional and global synthesis –
regional partners must work but
within the global framework
— Common/ understanding on what
Successes and what did not work well
Photo : Amare Haileslassie
ICRISAT/ILRI
Photo : Amare Haileslassie
ICRISAT/ILRI
30. There is no short cut to
bring impacts on system
related research. It is the
result of component
integration and
interaction: i.e. it is a
process and needs
enough time to mature..
Differences between
impact on components
and system needs to be
differentiated
— We need to focus
— Finance and man
Biggest implementation challenges
Photo : Amare Haileslassie ICRISAT/ILRI
Photo : Amare Haileslassie ICRISAT/ILRI