Presentation by Frances Seymour, Director General of CIFOR CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry at Third Meeting of the Independent Science Partnership Council event

1. CGIAR Research Program on
Forests, Trees and Agroforestry

2. CGIAR strategic objectives
Create and accelerate sustainable increases in the productivity and
production of healthy food by and for the poor
Conserve, enhance and sustainably use natural resources and
biodiversity to improve the livelihoods of the poor in response to climate
change and other factors
Promote policy and institutional change that will stimulate
agricultural growth and equity to benefit the poor especially rural women
poor,
and other disadvantaged groups

3. The forests/trees/agroforestry
/ / g y
contribution: CRP6

4. Deforestation – 13 million ha/year
/y
Source: FAO Forest Resource Assessment (FRA) 2010
Net change in forest area
2005-2010 (in ha per year)

5. Tree cover on farms
Nearly half of agricultural land has more that
10% tree cover

6. Why are forests and trees
important? Livelihoods
90% of the 1.4 billion people living in extreme
poverty depend on forest resources for some part
of their livelihoods
Forest-adjacent
Forest adjacent households derive approximately
24% of their income from forests on average
Bushmeat accounts for up to 80% of the protein
in take of people living in Central African forests
In rural Africa, forests supply up to 80% of rural
Africa
energy needs
Forest industry is the largest formal sector
employer in many rural areas

7. Why are forests and trees
important? Environment
Forests contain the preponderance of the
Earth s
Earth’s terrestrial biodiversity, including wild
biodiversity
relatives of important crops
Forest systems provide environmental
services important to the agriculture sector
sector,
including hydrological regulation and
pollination, as well as fodder and soil fertility
enhancement
Deforestation and land use change
contribute 12–18% of the world’s total
annual carbon emissions
Forest systems provide an important source
of resilience for adaptation to climate
change

8. Consultative development process
7 February: Full draft proposal re‐
7 February: Full draft proposal re‐
submitted to Consortium Board
25 January: 18 partners provide comments
19 January 2011: Revised draft sent to 100+ partners
24 December: Consortium Board + 4 independent reviewers
p
provide comment on full draft
6 September: Full draft submitted to Consortium Board
27 August: 34 partners provide comments
14 July: Full draft proposal sent to 171 partners
5 July: 73 respondents agree to provide comment on full draft proposal
27 May 2010: 20 page concept note sent to 328 partners

9. CRP6 aspirations
Integration across scales, ecosystems,
g y
sectors, and disciplines
• Trees on farms to undisturbed forests
• Species-level genetic diversity to global
policy
Long-term, global comparative research
• Potential “sentinel landscapes”
Impact-driven
• Clear impact pathways
• Dynamic communication of knowledge
• Strategic partnerships to change policy
and practice

10. Overall impact strategy

11. Illustrative impacts on forests
Research will target:
Research will target:
• 46% of global forest cover,
• 1.3 billion hectares of closed forests and
• 500 illi h f
500 million ha of open and fragmented forests
df t df t
Impact pathways will lead to:
I t th ill l d t
0.5 to 1.7 million ha of avoided deforestation/year
0.16 0 68
0 16 to 0.68 gigatons carbon dioxide emissions averted/year
9.3 to 27.8 million ha with improved management practices

12. Illustrative impacts on people
Research will target:
• approximately 500 million people living in or close to forests
Impact pathways will lead to:
Enhanced production and management options for at least 3 million producers and
traders and their families
A doubling of incomes from forest and agroforestry products for target households
through increases in tree, land, and labor productivity
An additional 60 million people benefiting from accelerated availability of funding for
climate adaptation programs
An increased supply of REDD+ credits worth between US$108 million and US$2695
million per year through increased efficiency
Significant improvements in access of women of benefits provided through forests,
trees and agroforestry

13. Components
p
Smallholder production systems and
markets
Management and conservation of forest
and tree resources
Environmental services and l d
l d landscape
management
Climate change adaptation and mitigation
Impacts of trade and investment on
forests and people

14. Conceptual framework

15. Component
1 Smallholder production systems and markets
Research Enhancing management and production systems for
themes
smallholders (food security and nutrition)
Increasing income generation and market integration for
smallholders
Improving policy and institutions to enhance social assets
to secure rights in forest- and tree-dependent
communities

16. Example of Component 1 research
ICRAF collaboration with Unilever SNV and IUCN on improving
Unilever, SNV,
propagation, survival, and growth rates supported smallholders to
plant 100,000 improved Allanblackia seedlings.

17. 2
Management and conservation of forest and tree
M t d ti ff t dt
Component
resources
Research
themes
Understanding threats to important tree species and
formulating genetic conservation strategies
Conserving and characterizing high-quality germplasm of
important tree crops and their wild relatives
Developing improved silvicultural, monitoring and
management practices for multiple use
Developing tools and methods to resolve conflicts over
distribution of benefits and resource rights

18. Example of Component 2 research
p p
Improved timber harvesting practices could reduce 10% of
total emissions linked to deforestation, and support multiple
use of forests for NTFPs and biodiversity conservation.

19. 3
Environmental services and l d
E i t l i d landscape
Component
management
Research Understanding drivers of forest transition
themes
Understanding the consequences of forest transition
for environmental services and livelihoods
Learning landscapes: dynamics of multi-functionality

20. Example of Component 3 research
Action research undertaken by CIFOR and ICRAF on co-
management of forests between local communities and
government in Guinea led to a decrease in the incidence of
fire, improved wildlife habitat, and increases in local incomes.

21. Component
4 Climate change adaptation and mitigation
Research Harnessing forests, trees and agroforestry for
themes
climate change mitigation
Enhancing climate change adaptation
Understanding synergies between climate change
mitigation and adaptation

22. Example of Component 4 research
Joint CIFOR-CATIE
research on tropical
forests and climate
change adaptation in
Honduras influenced the
design of one of the first
projects ever approved
by the UNFCCC’s
Adaptation Fund Board

23. Links between CRP6 and CRP 7
CRP6, Component 4 Lessons from mitigation & forest: CRP 7
application to agriculture
Theme 1 Theme 3
Agriculture as a driver of
deforestation Pro‐poor
Mitigation CC mitigation
Landscape approach to
mitigation, including MRV,
Theme 3 Theme 4
inst. arrangements, etc
Mitigation‐ Integration for
Integrated approach to
adaptation
adaptation adaptation and mitigation in decision making
d ii ki
synergies landscapes and policies
Theme 2 Theme 1 and 2
Data, approaches, tools and
Adaptation to
Adaptation to
methods for adaptation
progressive CC and
Adaptation through managing
Landscape and multi sectoral
approach to adaptation
pp p climate risk

24. Component
5 Impacts of trade and investment on forests and
people
Research Understanding the processes and impacts of forest-
themes
related trade and investment
Enhancing responses and policy options to mitigate
the negative impacts and enhance the positive
impacts of trade and investment

25. Example of Component 5 research
Research on the implications of
h h l f
biofuel expansion on forests and
forest communities

26. Example of Component 5 research
p p
Research on Indonesia’s pulp and paper industry helped avert
R h I d i ’ l d i d t h l d t
the loss of 135,000 hectares of natural tropical rainforest,
valued at US$ 133 million in carbon emissions

27. Cross-cutting theme:
Gender
Approach:
Gender disaggregated data collection and
analysis
Gender appropriate research methods
Partnerships with key organizations to
build capacity & share knowledge
Example of research:
Study on barriers to women’s participation
in forest decision-making and benefit-
decision making benefit
sharing in Nicaragua and Uganda

28. Cross-cutting approach:
Sentinel Landscapes
Follows key recommendation from the
2009 social science “stripe” review
commissioned by the CGIAR Science
y
Council
Builds on the CGIAR’s comparative
advantage to conduct long-term,
comparative research
ti h
Generates data about the drivers and
impacts of land use change, as well as
approaches to threats and benefits for
environmental resilience and the poor
Integrates research and impact pathways
to exploit potential synergies across all
CRP6 components

29. Communications and knowledge
sharing
“Hurricane” model
enabled by increased
connectivity
i i

30. Impact pathway example:
climate change

31. International, national and local
partnerships
t hi
Levels/Types Research Partners Policy and Practice Knowledge‐sharing
Partners Partners
International CIRAD, IRD, CSIRO, CPF, FAO, UNEP, World BBC World Service
Forest Landscape Bank, UN‐REDD, IPCC, Trust, Panos, UN‐
Denmark, IUFRO,
D k IUFRO FSC, IUCN
FSC IUCN REDD, CPF, IUCN
REDD CPF IUCN
Norwegian University
of Life Sciences
Regional CATIE, Amazon
CATIE Amazon AFF, COMIFAC, Asia
AFF COMIFAC Asia RECOFTC, STCP,
RECOFTC STCP
Initiative, ANAFE, FARA, Forest Partnership, CATIE
SEANAFE; ASARECA, ECOWAS
CORAF, SAARD, STCP,
SA/AP/LAFORGEN,
Country or NARS, local/national NARS, government, Local NGOs and
local research organizations, CBOs, NGOs, private networks,
FORDA sector companies
t i government t

32. Management structure

33. Budget needs (2011-2013)
(2011 2013)
Two scenarios:
“Business as usual +”
Business + $234 million
“What it takes”
What takes $293 million
Output-level planning and budgeting exercise targeted for
p p g g g g
completion in June along with CRP6 Medium Term Plan

34. Milestones
CRP6 proposal review/approval by:
• Consortium Board (March)
• Independent Science and Partnership Council
• Fund Council (April)
Establishment of CRP6 infrastructure:
• Steering Committee (
g (February)
y)
• Component Implementation Teams (March-April)
• Management Support Unit (July)
Planning and b d ti
Pl i d budgeting:
• CRP6 MTP (June)

35. Opportunities to capture
pp p
Additional knowledge to be generated through long‐term,
global comparative approach
Additional synergies to be gained by integrating across
landscapes, scales, and disciplines
Additional impacts to be achieved through strategic
Additi li t t b hi d th h t t i
partnerships

36. Challenges to address
Appropriate linkages to other CRPs
Methods – integration of diverse approaches
Management – inclusive and strategic decision‐making
Management inclusive and strategic decision making
processes without excessive transaction costs
Money – capturing the opportunities and managing partner
y p g pp g gp
expectations without significant additional funding
commitments on the table

37. http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/crp6/