Cryptic diversity in Indo-Pacific coral reef fishes revealed by DNA barcoding provides new support to the centre-of-overlap hypothesis

1. Cryptic diversity in Indo-Pacific coral reef
fishes revealed by DNA barcoding
provides new support to the centre-of-
overlap hypothesis
Nicolas Huberta, Meyer Cb, Bruggemann Hc, Guérin Fc, Komeno RJLd,
Espiau Be, Causse Rf, Williams Jb, Planes Se
a IRD,
UMR5554 ISE-M, France; b Smithsonian Institution, NMNH, Washington DC, c Université de la
Réunion, Département de Biologie, Réunion; d Université de Toliara, IHSM, Madagascar; e CNRS,
CRIOBE USR 3278, France; f Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7208 BOREA, France.

2. Diversity of Indo-Pacific coral reef fishes
10490 species, 394 familles (Fishbase, 2011)
33% of world’s ichthyofauna
≈ 5000 reef associated
Hubert et al. Cryptic diversity in Indo-Pacific coral reef fishes revealed by DNA barcoding provides new support to the centre-of-overlap hypothesis

3. Spatial diversity of Indo-Pacific coral reefs
4200 sp. (1% surface, 40% ichthyofauna)
703 sp. (598 reef associated)
944 sp. (698 reef associated)
Hubert et al. Cryptic diversity in Indo-Pacific coral reef fishes revealed by DNA barcoding provides new support to the centre-of-overlap hypothesis

4. Gradient of diversity and IPR biodiversity centre
Hubert et al. Cryptic diversity in Indo-Pacific coral reef fishes revealed by DNA barcoding provides new support to the centre-of-overlap hypothesis

5. Biodiversity hypotheses for coral reefs
Centre
of
origin
Hubert et al. Cryptic diversity in Indo-Pacific coral reef fishes revealed by DNA barcoding provides new support to the centre-of-overlap hypothesis

6. Biodiversity hypotheses for coral reefs
Centre
of
origin
Hubert et al. Cryptic diversity in Indo-Pacific coral reef fishes revealed by DNA barcoding provides new support to the centre-of-overlap hypothesis

7. Biodiversity hypotheses for coral reefs
Centre
of
origin
(1) Endemism is young in IPR
(2) Range midpoint fall in IPR
(3) Shallow population structure
(high connectivity & dispersal)
Hubert et al. Cryptic diversity in Indo-Pacific coral reef fishes revealed by DNA barcoding provides new support to the centre-of-overlap hypothesis

8. Biodiversity hypotheses for coral reefs
Centre
of
overlap
Hubert et al. Cryptic diversity in Indo-Pacific coral reef fishes revealed by DNA barcoding provides new support to the centre-of-overlap hypothesis

9. Biodiversity hypotheses for coral reefs
Centre
of
overlap
Hubert et al. Cryptic diversity in Indo-Pacific coral reef fishes revealed by DNA barcoding provides new support to the centre-of-overlap hypothesis

10. Biodiversity hypotheses for coral reefs
Centre
of
overlap
(1) Endemism follows history
(2) Range midpoint out of IPR
(3) Deep population structure
(barrier to dispersal)
Hubert et al. Cryptic diversity in Indo-Pacific coral reef fishes revealed by DNA barcoding provides new support to the centre-of-overlap hypothesis

11. Hypothesis testing through large-scale Barcoding
Widespread species with Indopacific distribution ranges = Cryptic diversity ?
(2) Range midpoint = what if n spp. ?
(3) Population structure = dispersal ?
Hubert et al. Cryptic diversity in Indo-Pacific coral reef fishes revealed by DNA barcoding provides new support to the centre-of-overlap hypothesis

12. Collaborative framework for large-scale initiatives
Outer slope Inner reef
Coral reef fishes
2276 ind., 667 sp., 70 fam.
SWIO
BIOTAS project
Central Pacific
Moorea biocode project
Hubert et al. Cryptic diversity in Indo-Pacific coral reef fishes revealed by DNA barcoding provides new support to the centre-of-overlap hypothesis

13. Inter-oceanic genetic divergence
Intraspecific
513 taxa, 2122 ind., 4794 comp.
Hubert et al. Cryptic diversity in Indo-Pacific coral reef fishes revealed by DNA barcoding provides new support to the centre-of-overlap hypothesis

14. Patterns in widespread species
Shallow Monophyly Paraphyly (geography, taxonomy)
Pattern 1 Pattern 2 Pattern 3 Pattern 4
62/142 68/142 6/142 6/142
80/142 widespread species include 167 lineages (Patterns 2, 3, 4)
142 species = 229 lineages
Hubert et al. Cryptic diversity in Indo-Pacific coral reef fishes revealed by DNA barcoding provides new support to the centre-of-overlap hypothesis

15. Cryptic diversity and genetic divergence
Hubert et al. Cryptic diversity in Indo-Pacific coral reef fishes revealed by DNA barcoding provides new support to the centre-of-overlap hypothesis

16. Cryptic diversity and species range midpoint
?
Widespread species with Indopacific distribution ranges = n spp.
(2) Range midpoint = out of the IPR but species range tails?
(3) Population structure = “fragmented” across the Indopacific
Hubert et al. Cryptic diversity in Indo-Pacific coral reef fishes revealed by DNA barcoding provides new support to the centre-of-overlap hypothesis

17. Thank
you
Hubert et al. Cryptic diversity in Indo-Pacific coral reef fishes revealed by DNA barcoding provides new support to the centre-of-overlap hypothesis