Oracle Coherence & WebLogic 12c Web Sockets: Delivering Real Time Push at Scale
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Presentation delivered by Steve Millidge at DOAG German Oracle User Group Conference in Nuremberg, 19-21 November 2013. The real time web is coming with Websockets in HTML 5. The big question is how to deliver event driven architectures for websockets at scale. This session delivered by a member of the JSR 347 Data Grids expert group provides an insight on how combining Oracle Coherence with the new Websockets support in WebLogic 12c can deliver enterprise scale push to web devices. The session first provides an introduction to websockets and delves into typical Oracle Coherence architectures and how they deliver linear scalability and high availability. We then look at the event capabilities inherent in Oracle Coherence that when hooked up to the new WebLogic 12c Web Sockets server can deliver Coherence grid updates in real time to HTML 5 devices. The presentation will be a mixture of of animated graphical slides depicting how WebLogic Web Sockets and Oracle Coherence work, combined with code snippets. We will then provide a demo hosted on amazon EC2 of the described architecture for delegates to browse to and interact with to show the capabilities of websockets on their devices. Demos will again use Oracle Coherence and WebLogic 12c.
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Oracle Coherence & WebLogic 12c Web Sockets: Delivering Real Time Push at Scale
- 1. Oracle Coherence and WebLogic 12c Delivering Real Time Push at Scale Steve Millidge © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 2. About Me • Founder of C2B2 – Leading Independent Middleware Experts – Non-functional Experts • Vendor Neutral – Red Hat (JBoss), Oracle (Fusion), VMWare (vFabric), Open Source (Apache) • 20 Years Middleware Expertise • 15 years Field Consultancy © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 3. Agenda • • • • • • Introduction to Web Sockets and Push WebSockets in WebLogic 12c Introduction to Coherence Test Demo Code walkthrough - Hooking up to Coherence Summary © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 4. Standard HTTP model •Client requests data – server responds © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 5. The problems with HTTP • • • • HTTP is a request-response protocol HTTP is half-duplex – one way traffic HTTP is stateless – lots of redundant data New connection required for each transaction © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 6. Push to browser © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 7. Simulated Push – HTTP Polling • Regular requests at a set interval • Near real-time • Server events may occur between requests © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 8. Simulated Push – Long polling • Connection is kept open • Response is blocked until an event occurs or a timeout occurs • Resource hungry on the server © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 9. HTTP Streaming • Long lived HTTP connection • Or XMLHttpRequest connection • Browser needs to close and reconnect the streaming channel to release memory © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 10. Reverse AJAX/Comet • Utilises long polling or HTTP Streaming techniques • Complex development • Poor scalability © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 11. The Future - Web Sockets • New to HTML 5 • Enables Full Duplex communication between a browser and a Server • Allows Web Servers to push updates to browsers • Better than “long polling” • Establishes a Dedicated Socket to the Backend Web Socket Server © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 12. Web Socket standards • This is all in flux • Rfc 6455 defines the protocol • W3C SSE http://dev.w3.org/html 5/eventsource/ • W3C WebSockets http://dev.w3.org/html 5/websockets/ © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 13. Browser Support • • • • • Chrome 4+ Internet Explorer 10+ Firefox 4+ Opera 10.7+ Safari 5+ © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 14. Benefits over old techniques • • • • • Reduced latency Reduced network traffic Reduced CPU/memory usage on the server Scalable Simplified development © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 15. Web Socket Protocol •Client •Server •GET /chat HTTP/1.1 •Host: server.example.com Upgrade: websocket •Connection: Upgrade •Sec-WebSocket-Key: dGhlIHNhbXBsZSBub25jZQ== Origin: http://example.com •Sec-WebSocket-Protocol: chat, superchat •Sec-WebSocket-Version: 13 •HTTP/1.1 101 Switching •Protocols Upgrade: websocket Connection: Upgrade Sec-WebSocketAccept: s3pPLMBiTxaQ9kYGzzhZRbK+xOo= •Sec-WebSocket-Protocol: chat © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 16. From the RFC •Conceptually, WebSocket is really just a layer on top of TCP that does the following: • adds a web origin-based security model for browsers • adds an addressing and protocol naming mechanism to support multiple services on one port and multiple host names on one IP address • layers a framing mechanism on top of TCP to get back to the IP packet mechanism that TCP is built on, but without length limits • includes an additional closing handshake in-band that is designed to work in the presence of proxies and other intermediaries © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 17. JavaScript API •Web Socket •WebSocket(location,protocol) •Function onmessage •Function onopen •Function onclose •Function onerror •close() •send(data) •Server Sent Events • EventSource(location) •Function onmessage •Function onopen •Function onerror © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 18. W3C Definition [Constructor(in DOMString url, in optional DOMString protocol)] interface WebSocket { readonly attribute DOMString URL; // ready state const unsigned short CONNECTING = 0; const unsigned short OPEN = 1; const unsigned short CLOSED = 2; readonly attribute unsigned short readyState; readonly attribute unsigned long bufferedAmount; // networking attribute Function onopen; attribute Function onmessage; attribute Function onclose; boolean send(in DOMString data); void close(); }; WebSocket implements EventTarget; © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 19. WebSockets in WebLogic © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 20. WebLogic Key Classes • Note this is only in WebLogic 12c WebSocketConnection WebSocket Listener WebSocket Context WebSocketConnection WebSocketConnection © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 21. WebLogic Annotations @WebSocket ( pathPatterns = {"/chat/*"}, dispatchPolicy = "ChatWorkManager", timeout = 30, maxConnections = 1000 ) public class MyListener implements WebSocketListener { ... } © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 22. JSR 356 • @ServerEndpoint(path="/echo") public class EchoBean { @OnMessage public String echo(String message) { return message + " (from your server)"; } } © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 23. Oracle Coherence Real Time Push @ Scale? © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 24. JCache • JCache standard api for caches • JSR 107 (Coming in JEE7) • Provides Map Semantics for Cache – put(Key,Object) – Object get(Key) • Most Caches support this api • Coherence supports the api © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 25. Data Cache • Data Caches aren’t New – Hibernate Session Cache – Entity Bean Cache – JPA Cache – Custom Caches – Open Source Caches • Typically Cache Database Data • Data Grids are Cache on Steroids! © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 26. GET B PUT C Cache Partitioning Application C Application Application Cache Cache Cache Cache PUT B B Application B C B © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 27. HA Cache Partitioning Application Application Application Cache Cache Cache Cache PUT B B Application B NODE CRASH!! ! © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 28. Typical Coherence Grid Application Application Application Application Application Application Application Cache Cache Cache Cache Cache Cache Cache Application Application Application Application Application Application Application Cache Cache Cache Cache Cache Cache Cache Application Application Application Application Application Application Application Cache Cache Cache Cache Cache Cache Cache © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 29. Coherence Partitioned Cache • Linear Scalability – 2 hops for Read (Worst Case) – 2 hops for Write (Worst Case) • High Availability – Configurable Duplicates • Location Independent Access – Grid knows where data is • More Nodes = More Data in Memory © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 30. Coherence Key Features • Elasticity • Grow and Shrink the Cluster • Grid Execution • • • • • • Push code around the cluster Grid Queries Near Cache Continuous Query Cache Many Caching Strategies © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 31. Grid Events Subsystem Application Cache Listener Application Application Application Cache Cache Cache Cache © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 32. Coherence Event Listeners • Coherence classes MapEvent, MapListener • Each time a record is changed, Coherence raises a MapEvent • Override entryUpdated, entryInserted and entryDeleted to process these events • MapListeners can have filters © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 33. Events • E_ALL – All Events • E_INSERTED – Inserts • E_DELETED – Deletes • E_UPDATED – Updated • E_UPDATED_LEFT – Updated and now not matched • E_UPDATED_WITHIN – Updated still matched • E_KEYSET – All updated which change the matching set • E_UPDATED_ENTERED – Updated and now matched © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 34. JSR 107 API •boolean registerCacheEntryListener( • CacheEntryListener cacheEntryListener); •Fired on • Expired • Removed • Updated • Read © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 35. Best Practice Architecture Load Balancer JEE Cluster Node JEE Cluster Node JEE Cluster Node JEE Cluster Node JEE Cluster Node Applicat Cach ion Applicat Cach ion Applicat Cach ion Applicat Cach ion Applicat Cach ion Applicat Cach ion Applicat Cach ion Applicat Cach ion Applicat Cach ion Applicat Cach ion Applicat Cach ion Applicat Cach ion Applicat Cach ion Applicat Cach ion Applicat Cach ion Applicat Cach ion Applicat Cach ion Applicat Cach ion Applicat Cach ion Applicat Cach ion Applicat Cach ion e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 36. Stock Ticker Architecture WebLogic 12c Application Cache StockTicker App Application Cache © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 37. Demo http://demo.c2b2.co.uk:7080 Follow the Link © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 38. Stock Ticker Classes Ticker (WebSocket Adapter) Stock Index.jsp Named Cache WAR File WebLogic 12c WebSocket Engine PushUpdates © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 39. PushUpdates public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception { // attach to Coherence CacheFactory.ensureCluster(); NamedCache cache = CacheFactory.getCache("Stocks"); // create a random stock and stick it in Coherence while(true) { Stock stock = new Stock("C2B2","C2B2",Math.random() * 100.0); cache.put("C2B2", stock); int sleepTime = (int)(500*Math.random() + 500); Thread.currentThread().sleep(sleepTime); } } © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 40. Ticker @WebSocket ( pathPatterns = {"graph/*"}, timeout = 3600 ) public class Ticker extends WebSocketAdapter implements MapListener { public Ticker() { try { jaxb = JAXBContext.newInstance(Stock.class); } catch (JAXBException ex) { Logger.getLogger(Ticker.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex); } } © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 41. Ticker init @Override public void init(WebSocketContext context) { super.init(context); CacheFactory.ensureCluster(); cache = CacheFactory.getCache("Stocks"); System.out.println("Got Cache " + cache); cache.addMapListener(this); } © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 42. Ticker entryUpdated public void entryUpdated(MapEvent me) { // marshall to JSON Stock stock = (Stock) me.getNewValue(); Marshaller m = jaxb.createMarshaller(); m.setProperty("eclipselink.media-type", "application/json"); StringWriter sw = new StringWriter(30); m.marshal(stock, sw); // now write to socket Set<WebSocketConnection> conns = getWebSocketContext().getWebSocketConnections(); for (WebSocketConnection conn : conns) { conn.send(sw.toString()); } } © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 43. index.jsp var chart; document.chart = new Highcharts.Chart({ …. }) websocket.onmessage = function(event) { var object = JSON.parse(event.data); var x = (new Date()).getTime(); var y = object.price; document.chart.series[0].addPoint([x,y],true,true,false); } © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 44. Summary • Reduced latency, network traffic and CPU/memory usage on the server • Highly scalable • When linked to Coherence, provide enterprise scale, event driven, real time push © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved
- 45. © C2B2 Consulting Limited 2013 All Rights Reserved