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1. Financial Plan For
small businesses
Training & Templates
Includes links with Excel
tables and charts

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Objectives of this document
“ Learn how to create a financial plan with a
training and templates created by former Deloitte
Management Consultants ”
“ Save your time by using our fully editable
PowerPoint slides that you can reuse for your own
presentation ”

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Overview - Guiding principles
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Table of content
Start-up capital
Financial statements
2
3
Set-up costs1
Financial ratios4
How to create a Financial Plan?

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Set-up costs - Guiding principles
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Set-up costs - Template
Accountant's fees $100
Solicitor's fees $100
Business registration $100
Domain name registration $50
Insurance $400
Licences $400
Workers compensation $800
Total $1,950
Lease deposit $1,000
Advance rent $1,000
Stationery and office supplies $500
Equipment $100
Vehicles $5,000
Telecommunications $400
Computers and software $1,000
Total $9,000
Advertising and promotion $1,000
Raw materials and supplies $1,000
Working capital $500
Total $2,500
I.Setting up the business
II.Setting up the premises and equipement
III.Starting Operations
I.Setting up the business $1,950
II.Setting up the premises and equipement $9,000
III.Starting Operations $2,500
Total (I+II+III) $13,450
IV.Total Set-up costs
Insert your key message
(e.g. Our total set-up costs will be $13,450)
Example of figures that
you will have to replace
by your own figures

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Table of content
Start-up capital
Financial statements
2
3
Set-up costs1
Financial ratios4
How to create a Financial Plan?
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Start-up capital – Guiding principles

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Start-up capital - Template
Owner #1 $10,000
Owner #2 $2,000
Investor #1 $1,000
Total $13,000
Borrowing #1 $3,000
Borrowing #2 $2,000
Borrowing #3 $1,000
Total $6,000
I.Equity Investment
II.Borrowings
Insert your key message
(e.g. Our start-up capital will be $19,000)
I.Equity Investment $13,000
II.Borrowings $6,000
Total (I+II) $19,000
III.Start-up Capital
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Table of content
Start-up capital
Financial statements
2
3
Set-up costs1
Financial ratios4
How to create a Financial Plan?

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Profit and Loss “P&L” forecast - Guiding principles
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Profit and Loss forecast - Template (1/2)
Insert your key message
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
I.Sales
Sales invoiced $100,000 $120,000 $140,000 $160,000 $200,000
Cost of goods sold $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000
Gross profit $80,000 $100,000 $120,000 $140,000 $180,000
II.Expenses
Accounting fees $100 $100 $100 $100 $100
Advertising $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000
Bank charges $100 $100 $100 $100 $100
Bank intertest $100 $100 $100 $100 $100
Depreciation $100 $100 $100 $100 $100
Electricity and Gas $100 $100 $100 $100 $100
Equipement hire/lease $100 $100 $100 $100 $100
Insurance $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000
Legal fees $100 $100 $100 $100 $100
Motor vehicle expenses $100 $100 $100 $100 $100
Postage, telephone and fax $100 $100 $100 $100 $100
Stationery $100 $100 $100 $100 $100
Rent $100 $100 $100 $100 $100
Repairs and maintenance $100 $100 $100 $100 $100
Security $100 $100 $100 $100 $100
Sundries $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000
Transport/courier costs $100 $100 $100 $100 $100
Wages $30,000 $30,000 $30,000 $30,000 $30,000
Total Expenses $34,400 $34,400 $34,400 $34,400 $34,400
III.Results
Gross Profit $80,000 $100,000 $120,000 $140,000 $180,000
Total Expenses $34,400 $34,400 $34,400 $34,400 $34,400
Net profit $45,600 $65,600 $85,600 $105,600 $145,600
Gross profit margin 80% 83% 86% 88% 90%
Net profit margin 46% 55% 61% 66% 73%

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Profit and Loss forecast - Template (2/2)
Insert your key message
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Revenue Profit
Revenue and Profit
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Cash flow forecast - Guiding principles

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Cash flow forecast - Template
Insert your key message
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Starting Cash Position $20,000 $100,000 $227,600 $365,200 $512,800
I.Incoming
Cash sales $80,000 $100,000 $110,000 $120,000 $160,000
Collections from accounts receivable $10,000 $10,000 $10,000 $10,000 $10,000
Other cash receipts $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000
Total Incoming $110,000 $130,000 $140,000 $150,000 $190,000
II.Outgoing Fixed Costs
Administration $5,000 $100 $100 $100 $100
Marketing $5,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000
Operations $5,000 $100 $100 $100 $100
Total Outgoing Fixed Costs $15,000 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200
III.Outgoing Variable Costs
Administration $5,000 $100 $100 $100 $100
Marketing $5,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000
Operations $5,000 $100 $100 $100 $100
Total Outgoing Variable Costs $15,000 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200
IV.Results
Total Incoming $110,000 $130,000 $140,000 $150,000 $190,000
Total Outgoing Fixed Costs $15,000 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200
Total Outgoing Variable Costs $15,000 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200
Change during year $80,000 $127,600 $137,600 $147,600 $187,600
Closing cash position $100,000 $227,600 $365,200 $512,800 $700,400
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Balance sheet forecast - Guiding principles

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Insert your key message
As at December
2014
As at December
2015
As at December
2016
As at December
2017
As at December
2018
I.Current Assets
Cash
Accounts receivable
Stock
Short-term investment
Prepaid expenses
Long-term investment
Total Current Assets $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
II.Fixed Assets
Land
Building
Equipement
Furniture
Motor vehicles
Total Fixed Assets $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
III.Current Liabilities
Accounts payable
Interest payable
Taxes payable
Payroll Accrual
Total Current Liabilities $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
IV.Long term Liabilities
Borrowing #1
Borrowing #2
Total Long term Liabilities $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
V.Total Assets and Liabilities
Total Assets $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Total Liabilities $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Net Assets $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
VI.Owner's Equity
Retained Earnings $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Current year earnings (=net profit) $45,600 $65,600 $85,600 $105,600 $145,600
Total Equity (should equal Net Assets) $45,600 $65,600 $85,600 $105,600 $145,600
Balance sheet forecast - Templates

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Break-even analysis – Guiding principles
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Insert your key message
Break-even analysis
Average selling price per unit $50
Average variable cost per unit $10
Fixed cost $34,400
Number of unit sales to break-even 860
Break-even analysis – Templates

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Table of content
Start-up capital
Financial statements
2
3
Set-up costs1
Financial ratios4
How to create a Financial Plan?

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Guiding principles
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Definitions and Templates (1/2)
Total sales – (number
of units sales to
break-even X average
price per unit)
Formula
Shows how much actual or forecasted sales
exceed the break-even point. Shows how
much ‘breathing room’ you have (i.e. how
much sales can drop before you start making
a loss).
Definition
Insert your own text
ResultRatio
Margin of
safety
Current assets ÷
Current liabilities
A measure of your business' liquidity (i.e.
ability to repay short-term debts). A ratio
below 1 shows liquidity problems
Insert your own textCurrent ratio
Annual sales ÷ 12 Used to determine average monthly sales.
Useful for analyzing and setting sales targets Insert your own text
Current trading
level per
month
(Trade debtors x 365)
÷ Credit sales per
year
This ratio approximates the average number
of days debtors are outstanding Insert your own textDebtor days
(Trade creditors x
365) ÷ Credit
purchases per year
This ratio approximates the average number
of days creditors are outstanding Insert your own textCreditor days

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(Closing stock x 365)
÷ Material used or
stock purchases
Formula
This ratio approximates the number of days
stock is held without replenishment.
Definition
Insert your own text
ResultRatio
Days stock
Cost of goods sold ÷
Average stock value
This ratio is used to approximate the number
of times in a year the stock turns over.
Greater stock turn reduces working capital
Insert your own textStock turnover
(Borrowed funds x
100) ÷ Total assets
This ratio is used to ascertain the extent to
which the total assets of the business are
used for borrowed funds
Insert your own text
Gearing ratio
(%)
Total liabilities ÷
Owner’s equity
This ratio shows the relative proportion of
owner’s equity and debt used to finance your
business’s assets
Insert your own text
Debt to equity
ratio
Total sales ÷ Total
assets
This ratio is used to show the extent to which
total assets are used to produce sales. Insert your own text
Asset turnover
per annum
Definitions and Templates (2/2)
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