Cubism Lecture 4/10/13 By Bridget Alaniva, Laura Neumann & Libby Gamble Mr. Read's 4th Hour Mod Lit Class

1. Cubism
Laura Neumann,
Bridget Alaniva,
and Libby Gamble

2. Scientific Advances
• Theory of the atom introduced by Albert
Einstein, Max Planck, Neils Bohr
• Einstein's Theory of Relativity
• Bohr’s Quantum Theory
• As a result, all of the old theories of space,
matter and time were shattered

3. Technological Advances
• Inventions such as…
-Cinematography
-Photography
-Sound recording

4. Technological Advances
-Telephone
-Airplane

5. Technological Advances
Painting V. Photography

6. “Cubism is like standing at a
certain point on a mountain and
looking around. If you go higher,
things will look different; if you
go lower again they will look
different. It is a point of view.”
- Jacques Lapchitz

7. How Cubism got it’s name
• French art critic Louis
Vauxcelles said that
geometric shapes in
Braque's piece “House at L’
Estaque” looked like cubes.

8. Multiple view points

9. Kitties!

10. Cubist Kitty

11. African Sculpture Influence
African Masks Les Demoiselles d’Avignon

12. Cezanne Influence
“Everything in nature takes its
form from the sphere, the
cone, and the cylinder.”-
Cezanne
-Cezanne focused on the colors and the
shapes that stood out in nature

13. Picasso & Léger
• Pablo Picasso
•Fernand Léger
•1881 – 1973 •1881 – 1955
• Spanish painter, sculptor, • French painter, sculptor,
printmaker, ceramist, and stage filmmaker, designed mosaics
designer • Involved in Cubism, Tubism,
• Died at the age of 91 and Modernism
• Cofounder of Cubism • Used mechanical forms

14. Child Holding a Dove – Picasso 1901

15. Family of Saltimbanques – Picasso 1905

16. Braque & Gris
Georges Braque (1882-1963) Joan Gris (1887-1927)

17. View from the Hotel Mistral, L’ Estaque
Braque 1907

18. Grand Nu
Braque 1908

19. The Bowl of Grapes
Braque 1926

20. Analytical Cubism 1909-1912
• More intellectual stage of cubism
• Cubist painters broke down the surface of
objects into basic geometrical shapes
• Monochromatic (greys, blacks, browns)
• Used planes, facets, and angles to create
multiple perspectives

21. 3 principals of facets
• Painted on a slight angle, vertical to canvas
surface
• Overlap and cast shadows over each other
• Edges dissolve, allowed facets to leak into
each other (influenced by Cezanne)

22. Les Demoiselles d’Avignon – Picasso 1914

23. Three Women – Picasso 1907-1908

24. Woman’s Head (Fernande) – Picasso 1909

25. Le Compotier Sur la Table – Léger 1909

26. Portrait of Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler – Picasso 1910

27. Seated Nude – Picasso 1909-1910

28. Nudes in the Forest – Léger 1909-1911

29. Portrait of Chess Players – Duchamp 1911

30. Bride – Duchamp 1912

31. Still Life – Picasso 1912

32. Nude Descending a Staircase No. 2 – Duchamp 1912

33. Violin and Grapes – Picasso 1912

34. Woman in Blue – Léger 1912

35. Road Near L’ Estaque
Braque 1908

36. Violin and Candlestick
Braque 1910

37. Man with Guitar
Braque 1911-12

38. Glass on Table
Braque 1909

39. Bottle and Fishes
Braque 1910

40. Clarinet and Bottle of Rum on Mantlepiece
Braque 1911

41. Houses at L’ Estaque
Braque 1908

42. Le Portugais (The Emigrant)
Braque 1911-12

43. Violin and Palatte
Braque 1909

44. Still Life with Flowers
Gris 1912

45. Houses In Paris
Gris 1911

46. Still Life with Musical Instruments
Braque 1908

47. Mandora
Braque 1909-1910

48. The Church of Carriéres - Saint Denis
Braque (1909)

49. Piano and Mandola
Braque 1909-1910

50. Orphism 1910-1913
• Also called orphic cubism
• Short-lived movement
• Type of colorful abstract art
• Founded by Robert Delaunay in response to
monochromatic style of Analytic Cubism
• Used overlapping planes of contrasting colors
(Law of Simultaneous Contrast of Colors)

51. Orphism
• Felt color was aesthetically powerful, and
could show movement
• Used recognizable subject matter
• Relied on color to show meaning
• End before WWI

52. Orphist paintings
Simultaneous Contrast: Sun and
Rhythm by Robert Delaunay
Moon by Robert Delaunay

53. Contrast of Forms – Léger 1913

54. Synthetic Cubism 1912-1914
• 2nd stage
• Wide variety of color
• Papier Colle introduced
-Pieces of newspaper, cloth and other materials
• Mixed sand and sawdust into paint to give it
texture
• Image was built up from new elements and
shapes

55. Still Life with Playing Cards – Picasso 1913

56. The Card Players – Léger 1917

57. Harlequin – Picasso 1918

58. Guitar – Picasso 1920

59. Le Petit Déjeuner (Breakfast) – Léger 1920

60. Three Woman at the Spring – Picasso 1921

61. Three Musicians – Picasso 1921

62. Le grand Déjeuner – Léger 1921

63. Nude on a Red Background – Léger 1927

64. The weeping Woman – Picasso 1937

65. Guernica – Picasso 1937

66. Bull – Picasso 1946

67. Las Meninas – Diego Velazquez 1656 Las Meninas – Picasso 1957

68. Portrait of Jorge Manuel – El Greco 1595-1600 Portrait of a Painter – Picasso 1950

69. Woman with Guitar
Braque 1913

70. The Clarinet (Tenoroa)
Braque 1913

71. Still Life with Open Window; Rue Ravignan
Gris 1915

72. The Round Table
Braque 1929

73. Glasses, Newspaper, and a Bottle of Wine
Gris 1913

74. Bottle of Rum and Newspaper
Gris 1914

75. Analytic v. Synthetic
Analytic Synthetic
• 1st stage • 2nd stage
• Monochromatic • Variety of color
• “analyzed” subject, broke • Papier Colle introduced
down into fragments and • Image built up from new
re-assembled them elements

76. Beyond 1914
• Many other artists took up the cubist
movement
• Led to new art movements like abstract
expressionism and surrealism
• Influenced sculpture, architecture, and
literature
• Movement peaked in 1915’s and by 1920’s
severed off into several different movements

77. Summary
• Picasso & Braque pioneers of movement
• Broke down images into geometric shapes
• 2 major phases
-Analytic (monochromatic)
-Synthetic(colorful & papier colle)
- First abstract form of art

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