Dementia powerpoint pdf recently uploaded

Dementia

BRITTANY B GROSS Tuesday, May 4, 2010 12:13:55 PM ET

Thesis

• The development of dementia is rapidly
increasing, much too fast for scientists to
ﬁnd a way to treat or prevent it.


Personal Relevance

• I choose to research dementia because it is
becoming more and more common as the
years go on. I would like to go into the
health ﬁeld for my career and this is
something I need to know about that is not
taught very often.


Audience Relevance

• You should learn about dementia because it
can happen to anyone, and it would be
good for you to know what to do to try
and prevent it.


Overview
• What is Dementia
• Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Prevention
• Caring for people with Dementia
• Application
• Activity


What is Dementia?

Not one disease
Considered a mental health problem
Described as a collection of symptoms that affects someoneʼs lifestyle
Symptoms can be from a bunch of disorders
(http://newcreationperson.ﬁles.wordpress.com/2009/10/question_marks.jpg)


How Common is
Dementia???
• 24.3 million people world
wide have dementia

• Could jump to as many as 84
million people in 2040

• 1 in every 1000 person will
develop dementia between 40
and 65

• 1 in 5 for people over the age of
80

1)(Dementia Facts and Statistics) Studies taken in 2005
2)(Dementia Facts And Statistics: Present And Future)
3) (Dementia Statistics)


5.3 Million

1)In the US 2010
African Americans are twice as likely to develop dementia then Caucasian
Hispanics are half times more likely to be stricken with it
(http://www.deseretnews.com/article/700015488/Minorities-more-likely-to-develop-Alzheimers-report-shows.html)


Continued
20

15

10

5

1900 1950 1995 0
2010
2030
2050

1900- 4 percent
1950-8 percent
1995-13 percent
2010-13.5 percent
2030-20 percent
2050-20 percent
(Sonja M. Lillrank, M.D., Ph.d.) 8


Who is Most Likely to
Develop Dementia
• Elderly people
• People who have had a family
member with it
• People who smoke and drink

1)usually over the age 65
2) b/c its in your genes
3) kills off brain cells
(http://www.consumerreports.org/health/conditions-and-treatments/dementia/what-is-it/risk-factors.htm)


Cont..

• People with down syndrome
• People with Atherosclerosis
• People with diabetes

1)they develop brain damage similar to Alzheimer's by middle age
2) Hardening of the arteries (restricting blood ﬂow)
(http://www.consumerreports.org/health/conditions-and-treatments/dementia/what-is-it/risk-factors.htm)


Types of Dementia
• Cortical Dementia
• Subcortical Dementia
• Progressive Dementia
• Primary Dementia
• Secondary Dementia

1)damage to the brain that affects the cortex of the the brain or the outer layer (causes problems with memory, language, thinking, and social
behavior
2)dementia that affects parts of the brain below the cortex (causes changes in emotion, and movement)
3)Dementia that only gets worse and starts to affect ones ability to do everything activities
4)dementia like Alzheimerʼs disease and doesnʼt result from any other disease
5)dementia that is caused from physical disease or injury (can affect people with other disorders that affect mobility and functions like parksins
Health reference series 99)


Disorders That Mimic
Dementia
• Mental Retardation
• Amnesia
• Sundowners syndrome
• Delirium
• Normal Aging

2)Partial or complete loss of memory
3) a certain time of the day when they have a complete personality change
4) disturbed state of mind that occurs in fever, intoxication, and other disorder
(health reference center)


Alzheimer's and
Dementia
• “Senile dementia”
• Most common cause of dementia
• Alzheimer’s is a disease that effects your
memory, personality
• Progressive disease

1)can be referred to as senile dementia severe mental deterioration,old age, described as loss of memory and control over bodily functions
2)gets worse as it goes on within ﬁve to ten years
(Dementia: Hope Through Research: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS))


Cont.
• It is the cause of 100,000 deaths/year
• Fourth leading cause of death in senior adults
• $100 billion dollars is spent a year for things
related to Alzheimer's
• Although they continue to research a cure for
Alzheimer’s scientist work hard every day to
try and ﬁnd one


Condition That
Can Contribute to
Dementia
• Medication

• Nutritional Deﬁciencies

• Infections <meningitis, encephalitis>

• Poisoning

• Brain tumors

1)reactions to medicine can look like dementia symptoms the look alike symptoms can come on very fast or develop over time
2) Not enough thymine V-B can mess with your mental abilities (forget recent events) can cause pellagra (children who are young but look really
old)(may include dementia)
3) infections of the brain or the membrane surrounding the brain confusion or delirium < confusion or sudden severe dementia, less social
interaction, poor judgement, memory loss>
4)lead or heavy metals, or other poisoning substances can cause symptoms of dementia
5)Rare, damage to the brain can lead to the development of dementia
(Health Reference Series 108-109)


Causes of Dementia
• Scientists can’t really say what exactly
causes dementia or how dementia occurs
but...
• Dead nerve cells or the loss of
communication of nerve cells
• Genetics can help cause dementia

Health reference center 110-111


Signs of Dementia

• Sudden mood changes
• Less sociable
• Becoming uncomfortable with different
people or places that aren’t familiar

(Signs Of Dementia | Is A Loved One Showing (Signs Of Dementia | Is A Loved One Showing These Subtle But Crucial Signs? | Signs Of
Dementia) Subtle But Crucial Signs? | Signs Of Dementia)


Symptoms of Dementia
• Memory loss
• Personality change
• Disorientation
• Bad concentration
• Mood swings

1)they start to forget things that happened that day
2)they start to act unusual
3)they might think that they are somewhere theyʼre not or in another year
4)moods change quickly and easily
Memory Loss and Dementia | Health | Patient UK


Changes in Sleep

People with Dementia sometimes have trouble with their sleep
Can have trouble falling asleep or staying asleep
Reverse their sleep patterns completely
They become restless annoyed and confused at the end of the day
They might sleep all day and be awake all night vise versa
(http://healthhabits.ﬁles.wordpress.com/2009/06/sleep-garﬁeld.jpg) pic


Cont...
• Behavior becomes harder to deal with
• Patients start to hallucinate and have more
delusions (sundowning)
• Doctors think that it is caused by the
excitement of the day and the disruptions
in their sleep patterns
• Should avoid caffeine, alcohol, and
smoking
• Should go to bed at the same time every
night and get up at the same time

1)Sundowning-


Dementia and the Brain

Makes the brain smaller
Effects how much blood and oxygen is given to the brain
Short term memory is the ﬁrst thing to go
As it gets worse patients will start to forget everyday things
(http://compassionatecannabis.ﬁles.wordpress.com/2009/08/brain1.jpg)


A Normal Aged Brain & A Brain With
Alzheimer’s

the top one is a regular aged brain and the bottom one is a brain with Alzheimer's the darker the color the more affected it is


What part of the brain is
affected

http://www.ftdrg.org/wp-content/uploads/brain_colour_cropped.jpg pic


Diagnosis

1)The person would go to see a Neurologist -the doctor needs to know why the person has come, the symptoms and when they started,
and if there has been any progression and if there has how much
2) Doctors ask questions about the personʼs history- doctor will do a regular check up looking for any symptoms, hypertension (high
blood pressure) could possibly mean vascular dementia and a fever could maybe be an infection
3)Perform a physical exam- things like reﬂexes, sensation, coordination, senses, language skills, balance, and walking which is controlled
by the nervous system
(http://fc00.deviantart.net/fs33/f/2008/310/1/2/The_Doctor_by_irn_bru.png)


Diagnosis cont..

• Brain scans
• Laboratory Tests
• Psychiatric Evaluation
• Pre symptomatic testing

1)might want to run a electroencephalograph (EEGs) (shows the brains electrical impulses fewer impulses means that the brain is damaged)
2)Regular blood and urine test to for syphilis or AIDS (any disease that can cause secondary dementia) Would see a psychiatrist
3)to help diagnose dementia or rule out the conditions (such as kidney failure..can lead to symptom
4)doctors canʼt test for symptoms before to see if a person will develop dementia but they can test to see if they are at risk if they have a disease
like Huntington's
(Health reference series pg. 114-116 )


Treatment

• No treatments to stop or
reverse the damage the
disease has already caused
• Doctors can give medication

1)to make the symptoms a little better and slow down the progression of the disease
usually progresses over the years
(Health reference series 117 )
Medicines- cholinesterase inhibitors- aricept, exelon, ad razadyne (they boost the level of chemicals that affectyour judgement and
memory) side affects VND
Antidepressant- it regulates the a antidepressant called SSRI (serotonin reputake inhibitors) it treats mood problems that is associated
with dementia
Memantine- Alzheimer's drug that regulate the chemicals that affect how the brain works and it may improve memory and learning
Antipsychotic Drugs- used to help anxiety, delusions, behavior problems, and sleep problems ( Risperdal and Zyprexa.)
Doctors can also give medications for hypertension (high blood pressure) heart disease, and diabetes (might contribute to dementia)
(Medications Used for Dementia | eHow.com)
Medications Used to Control Dementia


Prevention

2)Participate in in stimulating activities-board games reading etc.
3 Exercise -It helps maintain hormonal levels and helps the release of chemicals that is needed for the nerves in the brain
4)Scientist are still researching other ways
http://printstationary.net/signs/images/t1.jpg pic


To Help to Become
More Comfortable

• Keep noise activity down
• Have comfortable temperature
• Make sure there is no pain at bedtime
• A night light is helpful

4)in case they wake up in the middle of the night could help with confusion
Lizabeth Hardman


Keeping Independence

• You can leave the person by their
selves when dementia is in its ﬁrst
stages
• Have a nurse or health care worker stop by
frequently
• Pay attention to how the individual is acting

1)with frequent checks from a neighbor or family member
2)to make sure they are taking their medications as needed
3) to make sure they arenʼt any major changes and if there is make a plan for them to be taken care of
Lizabeth Hardman 59-60


Maintaing their physical
health
• They should keep good Physical health
• Regular aerobic exercise
• Walking or swimming
• Using weights
• Doing Yoga or Tai Chi

2) & 3) increases blood ﬂow to the brain lowers blood pressure and makes the lungs and heart stronger helps with your weight, restlessness,
boredom, and helps with depression.
4)maintains muscle mass increases strength and metabolism which helps with weight and blood sugar
5)creates ﬂexibility which can help prevent falls and injury
(http://www.caregiver.com/articles/general/activities_people_dementia.htm)


Maintaing Mental
Health
• Should be very sociable
• The person can read, play cards, and do
paper activities like crosswords or word
searches
• Keep a regular daily routine

1)prevents the feeling of being isolated and lonely
2)keeps the mind focus
3)allows them to refresh and and reinforce the pattern of their behavior every day


Caring for people with
Dementia

• Can be overwhelming
• Frustrating
• Very emotional

(http://www.caregiver.org/caregiver/jsp/content_node.jsp?nodeid=891)


Calm Down and take a
break

• Try counting from one to ten
• Take deep breaths
• Leave the room for a second and take a
break

(http://www.caregiver.org/caregiver/jsp/content_node.jsp?nodeid=891)


Cont..

• Ask for help
• Communicate with the person who is
receiving the care
• Be sure to do for yourself

1)so that you donʼt feel overwhelmed and like you have to do everything by yourself
2)It will make it easier
3)


Make it Easier

• Family disease
• Adaptive
• Make a name tag or ID badge
•

1)Itʼs is called a family disease because usually a child, spouse, or family member is the one providing the day to day care
2)You need to learn how to adapt to new things (what works today might not work the next day)
3)include their name, illness, and telephone number
(http://www.agis.com/Eldercare-Basics/Mental-and-Physical-Health/Alzheimers/Caring-for-Someone-With-Dementia/)


Application


What I did!!
• Sing along
• Arcadia Department
• Evaluation
• Talked to Meng about the facility

1) we bought people from the lower level
2)We went back to the lower level and did things like sayings, puzzles, put it back in the right spot, read, dominos (math),
3)we wrote down who was active and who participated and who didnʼt, and how people responded


we would tell them the shape has one hole and show them that a certain section had one rod and let them put it on there


numbers game it was math you place the domino with the same amount of dots on the paper with the rectangle with the same amount of dots


small but big enough to stimulate their mind


Activity

• I let you feel ten objects in the beginning of
the class and tell you what they are then i
will do the same at the end without telling
what it is to see if you remember


•
Works Cited
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/142214.php

• http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/dementias/detail_dementia.htm ‐
1484019213

• http://www.agis.com/Eldercare‐Basics/Mental‐and‐Physical‐
Health/Alzheimers/Caring‐for‐Someone‐With‐Dementia/

• http://www.caregiver.com/articles/general/
activities_people_dementia.htm

• Lizabeth Hardman 61-62

• Health reference series pg. 98)

• (http://elibrary.bigchalk.com/elibweb/elib/do/document?
set=search&d…licationId=&urn=urn%3Abigchalk%3AUS
%3BBCLib%3Bdocument%3B167305238 Page 1 of 2)

7) http://www.consumerreports.org/health/conditions-and-
treatments/dementia/what-is-it/risk-factors.htm

•


Works Cited

• Health reference series 99)

• Lizabeth Hadman 62-63

• How Does Dementia Affect Your Brain?) - ))Blurtit

• Health reference series pg. 114-116

• (Jennifer Hay) 73-79


Works cited

• Dementia Treatment & Prevention Options -
OmniMedicalSearch.com

(http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/dementias/
detail_dementia.htm#1484719213


Dementia powerpoint pdf recently uploaded

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