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WINTER DRIVING ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
OPERATING ON SNOW AND ICE ,[object Object],* AVOID QUICK ACCELERATION ON SLICK ROADS. IT WILL CAUSE YOU TO SKID.
FRESH SNOW MAY CONCEAL AN ICY ROAD SURFACE.
ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS ... RAINS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS ... ICE ... ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS ... ICE ... ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS ... ICE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],WHEN  FOG ON  MOUNTAIN BE ALERT AND DRIVE SLOWLY TURN LIGHTS ON MORE... 4-107 TC 21-305
BLACK  ICE DANGEROUS BECAUSE YOU CAN’T SEE IT! COMMON AREAS YOU FIND  IT 1. Bridges/Overpasses 2. Shaded areas
BLACK ICE REACTION DO NOT PANIC! MAKE NO SUDDEN CHANGES IN SPEED OR DIRECTION! EASE OFF ACCELERATOR! STEER IN DIRECTION THAT THE REAR OF THE VEHICLE IS SKIDDING!
FOG WHEN DRIVING IN FOG, USE LOW-BEAM HEADLIGHTS STOP, OFF THE ROADWAY, AND WAIT FOG
COLD INJURY PREVENTION
TYPES OF COLD WEATHER INJURIES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SUSCEPTIBILITY FACTORS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SUSCEPTIBILITY FACTORS Cont. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
USE OF ACRONYM C.O.L.D. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CHILBLAINS Inflammatory swelling or sore, usually below 50 degrees F with high humidity.
CHILBLAINS 1.  Symptoms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CHILBLAINS 2.  First Aid ,[object Object],[object Object]
CHILBLAIN 3. Prevention ,[object Object],[object Object]
TRENCH/IMMERSION FOOT Results from prolonged exposure of skin to cold or wet conditions, usually at 50 degrees F or colder
TRENCH/IMMERSION FOOT 1.  Symptoms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TRENCH/IMMERSION FOOT 2.  First Aid ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TRENCH/IMMERSION FOOT 3.  Prevention ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
FROSTBITE Freezing of tissue or moisture in the skin due to exposure to temperatures below 32 degrees F
FROSTBITE 1.  Symptoms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
FROSTBITE Symptoms  cont. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
FROSTBITE 2.  First Aid ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
FROSTBITE First Aid  cont. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
FROSTBITE 3.  Prevention ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HYPOTHERMIA Medical term for lowered core body temperature, caused by exposure to cold.  Aggravated by wet conditions.
HYPOTHERMIA 1.  Symptoms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HYPOTHERMIA Symptoms cont. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HYPOTHERMIA 2.  First Aid ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HYPOTHERMIA First Aid (Severe) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HYPOTHERMIA 3.  Prevention ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SNOW BLINDNESS Inflammation and sensitivity caused by exposure of the eyes to ultraviolet light rays reflected  by the snow or ice
SNOW BLINDNESS 1.  Symptoms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SNOW BLINDNESS 2.  First Aid ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SNOW BLINDNESS 3.  Prevention ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CARBON MONOXIDE Colorless, odorless, tasteless gas.  Created by incomplete combustion.
CARBON MONOXIDE 1.  Symptoms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CARBON MONOXIDE 2.  First Aid ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CARBON MONOXIDE 3.  Prevention ,[object Object],[object Object]
Clothing Cold-Weather System Principles ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Clothing Extended Cold-Weather Clothing System ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Clothing Cont. ,[object Object]
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE ENSURE WINTERIZATION OF ALL VEHICLES DO  BEFORE, DURING, AND AFTER OPERATION  MAINTENANCE  IAW APPLICABLE TM  DO DRAIN ALL AIR TANKS AT THE END OF DAY KEEP ALL FUEL TANKS FULL TO KEEP MOISTURE  FROM CONDENSING INSIDE FUEL LINES AND TANKS
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MORE PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE ,[object Object],WHY! *  BURNS FUEL BETTER * MAINTAINS EVEN ENGINE TEMPERATURE
MORE PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE   ,[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
DEFENSIVE DRIVING TECHNIQUES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
COMMUNICATION ... LET OTHERS KNOW WHERE YOU ARE LET OTHERS KNOW WHAT YOU PLAN TO DO ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
COMMUNICATION ... USING HEADLIGHTS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],4-47 TC 21-305
COMMUNICATION ... USING HORN ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
COMMUNICATION ... KEEP YOUR VEHICLE WHERE IT CAN BE SEEN ,[object Object],[object Object]
COMMUNICATION ... USING EMERGENCY SIGNALS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
COMMUNICATION ... SIGNAL WHEN CHANGING DIRECTION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
COMMUNICATION ... SIGNAL WHEN SLOWING OR STOPPING ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],INDICATE:
MANAGE SPEED WHAT IS SPEEDING?  SPEEDING IS: ,[object Object],[object Object],YOU SLOW DOWN
MANAGE SPEED ... CONDITIONS AFFECTING SAFE SPEED ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MANAGE SPEED ... SPEED AND STOPPING DISTANCE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MANAGE SPEED ... EFFECT OF SPEED ON STOPPING DISTANCE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SPEED AND TRAFFIC FLOW ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SPEED AND DISTANCE AHEAD
MANAGE SPEED ... MATCHING SPEED TO THE ROAD SURFACE... ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MANAGE SPEED ...MATCHING SPEED TO ROAD SURFACE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MANAGE SPEED ... SPEED AND CURVES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
FOLLOWING DISTANCE THREE TO ELEVEN TIMES MORE DISTANCE IS REQUIRED TO STOP A VEHICLE  ON PAVEMENT COVERED WITH ICE OR SNOW. 100 100 5OO METERS IDEAL ROAD CONDITIONS POOR ROAD CONDITION
6 SECONDS 4 SECONDS T T T T 37 37 37 37 T 66-10 AM GENERAL T T T T 37 37 37 37 T 66-10 AM GENERAL
HILLS AND GRADES When approaching a hill or upgrade / downgrade remember to do the following: 1. Select the proper gear before approaching, usually a lower gear. 2. Use the same gear going down that you used going up. This will allow the engine to act as a brake, so you will not have to use your brake excessively. * On steep or very slippery grades, use at least one gear lower, and go slower *
SKIDS Result from unexpected forces: 1. Black Ice 2. Driving to fast for conditions 3. Sudden steering corrections or braking 4. Sudden accelerations
SKIDS CONTINUED If your vehicle begins to skids, take the following actions:  1. Front end skids - Release the brake and let the front wheels roll freely to regain traction and steering control. 2. Rear end skids - Take foot off of accelerator and turn wheels in the direction that the rear of the vehicle is skidding, and pump brakes lightly.
Brake before the turn, not in the turn accelerate smoothly and slowly. Decelerate slowly, and ease up on the brakes. Make smooth gear shifts and clutch engagements. Steer in the opposite direction the trailer is skidding, while pumping the brakes lightly.  VEHICLE   JACKKNIFE PREVENTION 15 DEG.
VEHICLE   JACKKNIFE  A JACKKNIFE OCCURS WHEN THE ANGLE BETWEEN THE TRACTOR AND TRAILER  GETS TO A POINT  WHERE IT CANT’T BE STRAIGHTENED OUT BY THE DRIVER. 15 DEG.
RISK ASSESSMENT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],OH DARN! I SHOULD  HAVE DONE A RISK ASSESSMENT !
WINTER BAG ,[object Object],1. Wet Weather Gear 2. Over Shoes 3. Blanket 4. Wet Weather Bag 5.Field/Gortex Jacket 6. Gloves with Inserts
CHAINS CHAINS GIVE A GOOD BITE IN SNOW OR MUD BUT TEND TO SLIDE AND SLIP ON ICE AND PACKED SNOW. oh no! He  should  have went to  the  chain class!
CHAINS Before execution of the mission, the following checks should be made: 1. Ensure vehicle is equipped with snow chains. 2. Snow chains are serviceable, and in good condition. 3. Leadership will ensure the driver has a working knowledge of how to properly apply snow chains
ENSURE MILITARY AND PRIVATELY OWENED VEHICLES  HAVE BEEN PREPARED FOR THE WINTER MONTHS AHEAD… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
Winter Driving Hazards Windows cleared 360 Adjust speed for road conditions Bridges freeze before roadways Proper tires all weather / mud & snow Know your abilities
WINTER DRIVING HAZARDS Ice, frost, and snow on bridges and overpasses Poorly marked state and county highways Drifting snow Poor visibility Carbon monoxide Poor traction High water at river crossings Slippery roads caused by wet leaves
VEHICLE OCCUPANT SAFETY Seat belts properly worn by all passengers. Use of approved child safety seats. Infants not seated in front seats of vehicles with Passenger air bags.
POV WINTER DRIVING CHECKLIST Winterize your car, and always check your equipment Ice Scraper Exhaust system tight Antifreeze Check all fluid levels Battery charged Map Lights operational and clean Wiper blades serviceable and clean Properly inflated tires, with sufficient tread Heater/defroster working properly Brakes checked for wear Windshield and mirrors clean and serviceable
WINTER SURVIVAL KIT Flashlight  Bag of Kitty litter/sand Non perishable Food Shovel Blanket Warm Clothes Water Jumper Cables Tire Chains Tow rope
SUMMARY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Winter Driving Safety

  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4. FRESH SNOW MAY CONCEAL AN ICY ROAD SURFACE.
  • 5.
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  • 8.
  • 9. BLACK ICE DANGEROUS BECAUSE YOU CAN’T SEE IT! COMMON AREAS YOU FIND IT 1. Bridges/Overpasses 2. Shaded areas
  • 10. BLACK ICE REACTION DO NOT PANIC! MAKE NO SUDDEN CHANGES IN SPEED OR DIRECTION! EASE OFF ACCELERATOR! STEER IN DIRECTION THAT THE REAR OF THE VEHICLE IS SKIDDING!
  • 11. FOG WHEN DRIVING IN FOG, USE LOW-BEAM HEADLIGHTS STOP, OFF THE ROADWAY, AND WAIT FOG
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17. CHILBLAINS Inflammatory swelling or sore, usually below 50 degrees F with high humidity.
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21. TRENCH/IMMERSION FOOT Results from prolonged exposure of skin to cold or wet conditions, usually at 50 degrees F or colder
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25. FROSTBITE Freezing of tissue or moisture in the skin due to exposure to temperatures below 32 degrees F
  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 28.
  • 29.
  • 30.
  • 31. HYPOTHERMIA Medical term for lowered core body temperature, caused by exposure to cold. Aggravated by wet conditions.
  • 32.
  • 33.
  • 34.
  • 35.
  • 36.
  • 37. SNOW BLINDNESS Inflammation and sensitivity caused by exposure of the eyes to ultraviolet light rays reflected by the snow or ice
  • 38.
  • 39.
  • 40.
  • 41. CARBON MONOXIDE Colorless, odorless, tasteless gas. Created by incomplete combustion.
  • 42.
  • 43.
  • 44.
  • 45.
  • 46.
  • 47.
  • 48. PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE ENSURE WINTERIZATION OF ALL VEHICLES DO BEFORE, DURING, AND AFTER OPERATION MAINTENANCE IAW APPLICABLE TM DO DRAIN ALL AIR TANKS AT THE END OF DAY KEEP ALL FUEL TANKS FULL TO KEEP MOISTURE FROM CONDENSING INSIDE FUEL LINES AND TANKS
  • 49.
  • 50.
  • 51.
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  • 58.
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  • 62.
  • 63.
  • 64.
  • 65.
  • 66.
  • 67.
  • 68.
  • 69. FOLLOWING DISTANCE THREE TO ELEVEN TIMES MORE DISTANCE IS REQUIRED TO STOP A VEHICLE ON PAVEMENT COVERED WITH ICE OR SNOW. 100 100 5OO METERS IDEAL ROAD CONDITIONS POOR ROAD CONDITION
  • 70. 6 SECONDS 4 SECONDS T T T T 37 37 37 37 T 66-10 AM GENERAL T T T T 37 37 37 37 T 66-10 AM GENERAL
  • 71. HILLS AND GRADES When approaching a hill or upgrade / downgrade remember to do the following: 1. Select the proper gear before approaching, usually a lower gear. 2. Use the same gear going down that you used going up. This will allow the engine to act as a brake, so you will not have to use your brake excessively. * On steep or very slippery grades, use at least one gear lower, and go slower *
  • 72. SKIDS Result from unexpected forces: 1. Black Ice 2. Driving to fast for conditions 3. Sudden steering corrections or braking 4. Sudden accelerations
  • 73. SKIDS CONTINUED If your vehicle begins to skids, take the following actions: 1. Front end skids - Release the brake and let the front wheels roll freely to regain traction and steering control. 2. Rear end skids - Take foot off of accelerator and turn wheels in the direction that the rear of the vehicle is skidding, and pump brakes lightly.
  • 74. Brake before the turn, not in the turn accelerate smoothly and slowly. Decelerate slowly, and ease up on the brakes. Make smooth gear shifts and clutch engagements. Steer in the opposite direction the trailer is skidding, while pumping the brakes lightly. VEHICLE JACKKNIFE PREVENTION 15 DEG.
  • 75. VEHICLE JACKKNIFE A JACKKNIFE OCCURS WHEN THE ANGLE BETWEEN THE TRACTOR AND TRAILER GETS TO A POINT WHERE IT CANT’T BE STRAIGHTENED OUT BY THE DRIVER. 15 DEG.
  • 76.
  • 77.
  • 78. CHAINS CHAINS GIVE A GOOD BITE IN SNOW OR MUD BUT TEND TO SLIDE AND SLIP ON ICE AND PACKED SNOW. oh no! He should have went to the chain class!
  • 79. CHAINS Before execution of the mission, the following checks should be made: 1. Ensure vehicle is equipped with snow chains. 2. Snow chains are serviceable, and in good condition. 3. Leadership will ensure the driver has a working knowledge of how to properly apply snow chains
  • 80.
  • 81. Winter Driving Hazards Windows cleared 360 Adjust speed for road conditions Bridges freeze before roadways Proper tires all weather / mud & snow Know your abilities
  • 82. WINTER DRIVING HAZARDS Ice, frost, and snow on bridges and overpasses Poorly marked state and county highways Drifting snow Poor visibility Carbon monoxide Poor traction High water at river crossings Slippery roads caused by wet leaves
  • 83. VEHICLE OCCUPANT SAFETY Seat belts properly worn by all passengers. Use of approved child safety seats. Infants not seated in front seats of vehicles with Passenger air bags.
  • 84. POV WINTER DRIVING CHECKLIST Winterize your car, and always check your equipment Ice Scraper Exhaust system tight Antifreeze Check all fluid levels Battery charged Map Lights operational and clean Wiper blades serviceable and clean Properly inflated tires, with sufficient tread Heater/defroster working properly Brakes checked for wear Windshield and mirrors clean and serviceable
  • 85. WINTER SURVIVAL KIT Flashlight Bag of Kitty litter/sand Non perishable Food Shovel Blanket Warm Clothes Water Jumper Cables Tire Chains Tow rope
  • 86.

Hinweis der Redaktion

  1. INTRODUCTION: GOOD MORNING/AFTERNOON. MY NAME IS __________________ AND MY ASSISTANT IS ______________. WELCOME TO THE USAREUR (FWD) WINTER DRIVING CLASS. FOR THE NEXT ___________ YOU WILL BE FAMILIARIZED WITH THE ASPECTS OF DRIVING UNDER SEVERE WINTER WEATHER CONDITIONS IN HUNGARY, CROATIA, AND BOSNIA.