2. Table of content
• Introduction
• The underlying role of emotions
• Crisis communication in Vietnam
• The importance of emotions in Vietnam’s
crisis communication
• Crisis management – things to avoid
• Conclusion
8. Seven lessons
1. Emotional readiness;
2. Creative thinking;
3. Spiritual strength;
4. Political and social
skills;
5. Technical skills;
6. Integration of areas of
knowledge and
emotions;
7. And innovation
11. Response strategy
Anxiety public
• Re-assurance
• Show cooperation
Angry public
• Scapegoat strategy
Sad public
• Show sincerity
• Apology & compensate
13. No academic article with Vietnamese context
Little academic guidance and training
Overseas case study
Self-taught
Competition Law: loose & full of loopholes
25. List of references
• Augustine, N. 2008, ‘Pocket Mentor: Managing crises’, Harvard Business Press, USA
• Benoit, W.L. 1997, ‘Image repair discourse and crisis communication’, Public Relations Reviews, 23(2), p177-186
• Bernstein, J. 2006, ‘Coke & Pepsi's India Adventures’, Bernstein Crisis Management Inc., viewed as at 12 May 2012,
<http://www.bernsteincrisismanagement.com/nl/crisismgr061201.html>
• Choi & Lin, Y. & Y. 2009, ‘Consumer Responses to Mattel Product Recalls posted on Online Bulletin Boards: Exploring Two Types of Emotion’, Journal of Public Relations
Research, 21(2), p198-207
• Coombs, W.T. 1998, ‘An analytic framework for crisis situations: better responses from a better understanding of the situation’, Journal of Public Relations Research,
10(3), p177-191
• Cowden & Sellnow, K. & T.L. 2002, ‘Issues Advertising as Crisis Communication: Northwest Airlines' Use of Image Restoration Strategies During the 1998 Pilot's Strike’,
Journal of Business Communication, 39(2), p. 193 - 219
• Coombs & Holladay, W.T. & S.J. 2002, ‘Helping crisis managers protect reputational assets: Initial tests of the situational crisis communication theory’, Management
Communication Quarterly, 16, p165-186
• Coombs & Holladay, W.T. & S.J. 2004, ‘Reasoned action in crisis communication: An attribution theory-based approach to crisis management’, Responding to Crisis: A
rhetorical approach to crisis communication, p95-115
• Coombs & Holladay, W.T. & S.J. 2005, ‘Exploratory study of stakeholder emotions: Affect and Crisis’, Research on emotion in organizations: Volume 1: The effect of
affect in organizational settings, p271-288
• Crandall, Parnell & Spillan, W. J. & J. 2010, ‘Crisis Management in the New Strategy Landscape’, SAGE, USA
• Fearn-Banks, K. 2002, ‘Crisis Communications: A Casebook Approach’, Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ
• Galloway and Kwansah-Aidoo, C. & K. 2005, ‘Public Relations Issues and Crisis Management’, Thomson Learning, Australia
• Jin, Y. 2009, ‘The effect of public’s cognitive appraisal of emotions in crises on crisis coping strategy assessment’, Public Relations Review, 35, p310-313
• Jin & Cameron, Y. & G.T. 2007, ‘The effect of threat type and duration on public relations practitioner’s cognitive, affective, and conative responses in crisis situations’,
Journal of Public Relations Research, 19(3), 255-281
• Jin, Pang & Cameron, Y. A. & G.T. 2010, ‘Toward a public-driven, emotion-based approach in crisis communication: testing the integrated crisis mapping (ICM) model’,
Public Relations Journal, 4(1).
• Jin, Pang & Cameron, Y. A. & G.T. 2010, ‘The role of emotions in crisis responses: Inaugural test of the integrated crisis mapping (ICM) model’, Corporate
Communications: An International Journal, 15(1), p428-452
• Journal of Public Relations Research, 19(3), 255-281
• Loomis, LM 2008, 'Managing emotions: The missing steps in crisis communications planning', Public Relations Tactics, 15, 3, p. 13
• Luecke, R. 2004, ‘Harvard Business Essential: Crisis Management Master the Skills to Prevent Disasters’, Harvard Business School Press, USA
• Loomis, LM 2008, 'Managing emotions: The missing steps in crisis communications planning', Public Relations Tactics, 15, 3, p. 13
• Mittroff, I. 2005, ‘Why some companies emerge stronger and better from a crisis’, AMACOM, USA
• PROI, 2012, ‘Awareness ID’, Public Relation organization International, viewed as at 12 May 2012 <http://www.proi.com/Public/find-a-proi-partner/profile?profile_id=88>
• Thanh Nien, 2007, ‘Thảm hoạ đổ sập lớn nhất trong lịch sử xây dựng Việt Nam’, Thanh Nien Online, viewed as at 13 May 2012,
<http://www.thanhnien.com.vn/news/pages/200739/210287.aspx>
• Webb, G.R. 2004, ‘Some issues to consider’, Paper presented at the Future Crises, Future agendas: An Assessment of International Crisis Research International
Workshop, Nice, France, November 24-26
Editor's Notes
The number of disasters have growth in frequency, magnitude and complexity (Webb 2004).
The survival of the organization depends heavily on what the organization says and does after these disaster hits (Benoit 1997).
Image: Riccardo Pravettoni 2009, Blue Carbon - The Role of Healthy Oceans in Binding Carbon, http://www.grida.no/files/publications/blue-carbon/BlueCarbon_screen.pdf
PR practitioners, whose job does not only include coordinating who is saying what, to whom and with what intended effect (Galloway and Kwansah-Aidoo 2005), but also to be prepared emotionally for it.
Depends on the crises (if it is controllable or uncontrollable, and if it is predictable or unpredictable) (Jin et al. 2010)