2. Computer Fundamentals
Muhammed Suhair C
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3. Disclaimer: This presentation is prepared by trainees of
baabtra.com as a part of mentoring program. This is not
official document of baabtra.com – Mentoring Partner

4. Computer Fundamentals
• Input Devices.
• Output devices.
• Memory devices.
• Pointing devices.
• Hardware & Software.
• Benefits of Computer.

5. Input Devices

6. In computing, an input device is any peripheral
(piece of computer hardware equipment) used
to provide data and control signals to
an information processing system such as
a computer or other information appliance.
Examples of input devices
include keyboards, mouse, scanners, digital
cameras and joysticks, bar code reader.

7. Output devices

8. An output device is any piece of computer
hardware equipment used to communicate the
results of data processing carried out by
an information processing system (such as
a computer) which converts the electronically
generated information into human-readable
form. Some types of output are texts, graphics,
audio, and video.
Monitor, Speaker, Printer, Plotter are some of
the examples for output devices.

9. Memory devices

10. A memory is just like a human brain. It is used
to store data and instruction. Computer
memory is the storage space in computer
where data is to be processed and instructions
required for processing are stored.
Memory device are mainly classified into two. A
primary storage device such as computer
RAM and a secondary storage device such as a
computer hard disk drive.

11. Primary storage is a storage location that
holds memory for short periods of times while
the computer is on. For example, computer RAM
(random-access memory) and cache are both
examples of a primary storage device. This type
of storage is the fastest type of memory in your
computer and is used to store data while it’s
being used. For example, when you open a
program data is moved from the secondary
storage into the primary storage. It is also known
as internal memory and main memory.

12. Secondary storage is a storage medium that
holds information until it is deleted or
overwritten regardless if the computer has
power. For example, a compact disk drive and
hard disk drive are both good examples of
secondary storage devices.
Offline storage medium is also known as
secondary storages now a days.
Such as Compact disks, Pen drives etc.

13. Pointing devices

14. A pointing device is an input interface
(specifically a human interface device) that allows
a user to input spatial (i.e., continuous and multi-
dimensional) data to a computer. CAD (Computer
Aided Systems) systems and graphical user
interfaces (GUI) allow the user to control and
provide data to the computer using
physical gestures — point, click, and drag.
A "rodent" is a technical term referring to a
device which generates mouse-like input.

15. For example, by moving a hand-held mouse
across the surface of the physical desktop and
activating switches on the mouse. Movements of
the pointing device are echoed on the screen by
movements of the pointer(or cursor) and other
visual changes.
Mini mouse, Joystick, Pointing stick, Finger
tracking are some of the examples for pointing
devices.

16. Hardware & Software

17. Computer hardware is the collection of physical
elements that constitutes a computer system.
Computer hardware refers to the physical parts
or components of a computer such as
the monitor, mouse, keyboard, computer data
storage, hard drive disk (HDD), system unit
(graphic cards, sound cards, memory,
motherboard and chips), etc. all of which are
physical objects that can be touched.

18. Computer software, or simply software, also
known as computer programs, is the non-
tangible component of computers. It represents
the set of programs that govern the operation of
a computer system and make the hardware run.
Computer software contrasts with computer
hardware, which is the physical component of
computers. Computer hardware and software
require each other and neither can be
realistically used without the other.

19. Benefits of Computer
The benefits are easier research, better gaming,
it's easier to communicate with, it makes
business better, it makes it easier to shop, etc.
The computer is a computing machine, it offers
all benefits of a good well calibrated machine. A
computer can repetitively compute without
making mistakes (accuracy). A computer is not
biased. A computer is quicker in doing assigned
tasks since it takes help of Integrated Circuits to
process.

20. It is very important that a given problem is
expressed in computer terminology first,
exhaustively and accurately, to avail benefits of
computers.
The benefit of using a computer is that it can
easily store data to be retrieved and copied or
used elsewhere. It is also more accurate and
calculates much faster than individuals.
Computers are also used in almost all industries
in the world today for various processes.

21. Thank You 

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