Visual introduction (in a silent PowerPoint-style) to “Natural product agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ): a review” http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4212005/ PowerPoint composition by Dr. Birgit Watenberger at Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, University of Innsbruck (2014). Video by Dr. Atanas G. Atanasov at Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna (2014). ------------- Web http://about.me/Atanas_At http://www.univie.ac.at/pharmakognosie/ http://www.researcherid.com/rid/C-5535-2013 Social media https://twitter.com/_atanas_ http://www.weibo.com/u/5391806773 https://www.facebook.com/atanas.at http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Atanas_Atanasov/ https://plus.google.com/+AtanasGeorgievAtanasov/posts http://at.linkedin.com/pub/atanas-g-atanasov-atanas-atanasov-univie-ac-at/3/67/636 -------------

1. Natural product agonists of peroxisome
proliferator-activated receptor gamma
(PPARγ): a review
Dr. Birgit Waltenberger
Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy &
Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI)
University of Innsbruck, Austria
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. Limei Wang†, Birgit Waltenberger†, Eva-Maria Pferschy-Wenzig, Martina
Blunder, Xin Liu, Clemens Malainer, Tina Blazevic, Stefan Schwaiger, Judith M. Rollinger, Elke H. Heiss, Daniela Schuster,
Brigitte Kopp, Rudolf Bauer, Hermann Stuppner, Verena M. Dirsch, Atanas G. Atanasov*. Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25083916

2. Significance of metabolic disorders
The metabolic syndrome:
• Abdominal obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and
glucose intolerance, pro-thrombotic and pro-inflammatory states
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014

3. Significance of metabolic disorders
The metabolic syndrome:
• Abdominal obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and
glucose intolerance, pro-thrombotic and pro-inflammatory states
• Greater risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014

4. Significance of metabolic disorders
The metabolic syndrome:
• Abdominal obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and
glucose intolerance, pro-thrombotic and pro-inflammatory states
• Greater risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes
• Affects more than a quarter of the world’s adult population
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014

5. Significance of metabolic disorders
The metabolic syndrome:
• Abdominal obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and
glucose intolerance, pro-thrombotic and pro-inflammatory states
• Greater risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes
• Affects more than a quarter of the world’s adult population
• Contributes to mortality and morbidity worldwide
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014

6. Significance of metabolic disorders
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
Metabolic syndrome management:
1. Life style modifications
2. Pharmaceutical drugs

7. Significance of metabolic disorders
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
Pharmaceutical treatment of patients with type-2 diabetes:
• Insulin and insulin analogs
• Oral anti-hyperglycemic pharmaceuticals
Metabolic syndrome management:
1. Life style modifications
2. Pharmaceutical drugs

8. Significance of metabolic disorders
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
Oral anti-hyperglycemic
pharmaceuticals
Sulfonylureas
↑ insulin
secretion
Biguanides
insulin
sensitizers
Thiazolidinediones
agonists of PPARγ
DPP-4 inhibitors
↑ insulin
secretion
Meglitinides
↑ insulin
secretion
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
slowing the digestion of
starch in the small intestine

9. PPARγ and the metabolic regulation
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
PPAR
ligand
PPRE
Cell
nucleus
Gene expression
changes
DNA
RXR
ligand
Transcriptional
cofactors
21 3
RXRPPAR
PPARγ - nuclear receptor & ligand-inducible transcription factor

10. PPARγ and the metabolic regulation
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
PPARγ activities in the human body:
• Adipocyte differentiation
• Lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis
• Metabolism and inflammation in immune cells
• Cell proliferation

11. PPARγ and the metabolic regulation
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
PPARγ activities in the human body:
• Adipocyte differentiation
• Lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis
• Metabolism and inflammation in immune cells
• Cell proliferation
Endogenous ligands of PPARγ: Fatty acids & prostanoids (weak agonists)
Synthetic thiazolidinediones (full agonists): Troglitazone, rosiglitazone,
pioglitazone…  Side effects: Hepatotoxicity, body-weight gain, risk of
myocardial infarction, heart failure & cardiovascular mortality, etc.

12. PPARγ activation by natural products
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
Bixa orellana
Cannabis sativaSambucus nigraTrifolium pratense
Glycine max
Camellia sinensis
Origanum vulgare
Rosmarinus officinalis
Salvia officinalis
Thymus vulgaris
Vitis vinifera

13. PPARγ activation by natural products
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014

14. PPARγ activation by natural products
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
Amorfrutin B
(PDB 4a4w)
Magnolol
(PDB 3r5n)
Luteolin
(PDB 3sz1)

15. Concluding remarks
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
• Natural products are a rich source for PPARγ ligands

16. Concluding remarks
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
• Natural products are a rich source for PPARγ ligands
• Many agonists identified from traditional medicinal plants or food sources

17. Concluding remarks
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
• Natural products are a rich source for PPARγ ligands
• Many agonists identified from traditional medicinal plants or food sources
• Mostly weak agonists of PPARγ  activ. pattern similar to endog. agonists

18. Concluding remarks
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
• Natural products are a rich source for PPARγ ligands
• Many agonists identified from traditional medicinal plants or food sources
• Mostly weak agonists of PPARγ  activ. pattern similar to endog. agonists
• Several agonists identified in plants used as culinary herbs, beverages or
food sources  possibility to consider dietary interventions

19. Concluding remarks
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
• Natural products are a rich source for PPARγ ligands
• Many agonists identified from traditional medicinal plants or food sources
• Mostly weak agonists of PPARγ  activ. pattern similar to endog. agonists
• Several agonists identified in plants used as culinary herbs, beverages or
food sources  possibility to consider dietary interventions
• PPARγ activating natural products & plant extracts = good potential for
further investigation for therapeutic effects & as potential dietary
supplements against metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes