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Collaborative Filters
Recommendation Engines
Old Terms with Origins in Research
                                                      ( user annotations, )
 “Tapestry” email filter at Xerox PARC, 1992             search grammar


                                                (readers rate messages,)
 “GroupLens” usenet filter at UMN, 1994             correlates people


                                                                  (social actual business, )
                                                                      an
 “Firefly” music and friend recommender at MIT, 1995                       network elements




Research origins led to sophisticated implementations,
but the idea is simple.




Collaborative Filters: Recommendation Engines
The Idea of
Collaborative Filtering
Combine input from many different people to filter
information better than would otherwise be possible.




Collaborative Filters: Recommendation Engines
This Technique is Everywhere
Spam filters                         Help systems
Pagerank                            Click feedback in search ranking
Tagging                             Facebook ads
Comment moderation                  Thumbs on everything




Collaborative Filters: Recommendation Engines
When it’s Personalized
Call it ‘Recommendation’
Music, movie, book sales              Customized search results
Behavioral ad targeting               Google News
Amazon’s recursion: filtered recommendations!




Collaborative Filters: Recommendation Engines
How Digg Works
  1. Anyone can submit a story
  2. Anyone can vote on any story
  3. Most popular recent stories win
      (classic collaborative filtering)

  4. If you sign up, you get personalized stories too
      (recommendations)




Collaborative Filters: Recommendation Engines
Where we can Leave the Rails
 The sparsity problem
 Submissions can grow faster than active diggers

 The early-rater problem
 We have no way to jump-start the recommendation cycle

 Gray sheep
 We have smaller sub-communities with unpopular views

 User opposition
 A few times, we have simply come to loggerheads
Introductions
 Anton Kast, Digg

 Erik Frey, Last.fm

 Scott Brave, Baynote

 David Maher Roberts, TheFilter

 Jon Sanders, Netflix

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Anton Kast on Collaborative Filters at SXSW

  • 2. Old Terms with Origins in Research ( user annotations, ) “Tapestry” email filter at Xerox PARC, 1992 search grammar (readers rate messages,) “GroupLens” usenet filter at UMN, 1994 correlates people (social actual business, ) an “Firefly” music and friend recommender at MIT, 1995 network elements Research origins led to sophisticated implementations, but the idea is simple. Collaborative Filters: Recommendation Engines
  • 3. The Idea of Collaborative Filtering Combine input from many different people to filter information better than would otherwise be possible. Collaborative Filters: Recommendation Engines
  • 4. This Technique is Everywhere Spam filters Help systems Pagerank Click feedback in search ranking Tagging Facebook ads Comment moderation Thumbs on everything Collaborative Filters: Recommendation Engines
  • 5. When it’s Personalized Call it ‘Recommendation’ Music, movie, book sales Customized search results Behavioral ad targeting Google News Amazon’s recursion: filtered recommendations! Collaborative Filters: Recommendation Engines
  • 6. How Digg Works 1. Anyone can submit a story 2. Anyone can vote on any story 3. Most popular recent stories win (classic collaborative filtering) 4. If you sign up, you get personalized stories too (recommendations) Collaborative Filters: Recommendation Engines
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9. Where we can Leave the Rails The sparsity problem Submissions can grow faster than active diggers The early-rater problem We have no way to jump-start the recommendation cycle Gray sheep We have smaller sub-communities with unpopular views User opposition A few times, we have simply come to loggerheads
  • 10. Introductions Anton Kast, Digg Erik Frey, Last.fm Scott Brave, Baynote David Maher Roberts, TheFilter Jon Sanders, Netflix