8. BE CAREFUL!!
The present perfect does not
express past time, finished in the
past, if used with a time
expression that gives a specific
time in the past:
3.
11. They have already met. (Present perfect
for an indefinite time in the past.)
The two met on June 8, 1998. (Simple
past for a definite time in the past.)
3.
12. Remember that with for or since,
the present perfect connects the
past and the present:
3.
13. For example:
I have attended many weddings
since then.
I have known my best friend for
more than fifty years.
3.
14. Use used to + base form to show
a habitual action, event or state
that was true in the past but is no
longer true.
4.
18. BE CAREFUL!!
Used to and would are similar in
meaning when they express
repeated past actions.
4.
19. For example:
When we were children, we
would spend every summer in
Maine.
OR
When we were children, we used
to spend every summer in Maine.
4.
20. But don’t use “would” for a situation
or condition that continued for a
period in the past:
I used to live in Chicago. (location)
Incorrect:
**I would live in Chicago.
4.
21. Mia used to be a nurse.
(occupation)
Incorrect:
**Mia would be a nurse.
4.
22. We used to have a summer
home. (possession)
Incorrect:
**We would have a summer
home.
4.
23. Use the past perfect to show an
action, event or state of being that
happened before a certain time in
the past.
5.
27. The past perfect is usually used
when we begin a sentence by
talking about the later event:
5.
28. For example:
By the time the wedding day
arrived, Weinlick had prepared
everything.
5.
29. The past perfect is not often used
in sentences with before or after.
The simple past is generally used
to describe both events.
5.
30. For example:
Weinlick started advertising for a bride
after he graduated from college.
(= He graduated from college before he
started advertising for a bride.)
5.
31. Use the past perfect progressive
(= past perfect continuous) to
express an action that was in
progress before another past
event, and continued up until that
time.
6.
33. Use was/were going to or
would + base form
for an action that was planned or
expected in the past.
7.
34. For example:
Weinlick knew that he was going to get
married on June 13, 1998.
He knew where the wedding would be.
Note: You can also think of these as examples of
indirect speech.
7.