تاریخ ایران: بخش نخست، پیدایش ایران
- 2. ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﲞﺶ ﺍﻳﻦ ِﺕﺎ
•ﺍ ﻗﻮﻡﻳﺮﺍﻧﯽ
۱(ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻦﺁﺭﻳﺎﻥ.۲(ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﻬﺗﺎﯼﺁﺭﻳﺎﻥ.۳(ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻥﺍ ﻭﻳﺮﺍﻥﺯﻣﻴﻦ.۴(ﺍﺳﺎﻃﻴﺮﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﯽ.
•ﺩ ﻭ ﺯﺭﺗﺸﺖﻳﻦﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﯽ
۱(ﺯﺭﺗﺸﺖ ﻇﻬﻮﺭ.۲(ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻴﻢﺯﺭﺗﺸﺖ.۳(ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻞﻣﻠﮑﻮﺗﯽﺗﻌﺎﻟ ﺩﺭﻴﻢﺯﺭﺗﺸﺖ.۴(ﺩ ﺍﺻﻮﻝﻳﻦﺯﺭﺗﺸﺖ.
۵(ﻣﺮﺍﻡﻧﺎﻣﮥﺁﺋﻴﹺﻦﺯﺭﺗﺸﺖ۶(ﺁﺋ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭﻴﻦﺯﺭﺗﺸﺖ.
•ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦﻣﺎﺩ ﻣﺎﻗﺒﻞ
۱(ﮔﻮﺗﯽﻫﺎﻟﻮﻟﻮﺑ ﻭﯽﻫﺎ.۲(ﮐﺎﺷﯽﻫﺎ.۳(ﹺﺯﺧﻮ ﲤﺪﻥّەﻳ)ﻋﻴﻼﻡ(ﺧﻮﺯﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ.۴(ﭘﺎﺩﺷﺎﻫﯽﻣﺎﻥﻧﺎ)ﻣﻐﺎﻥ(
ﺁﺫﺭﺑﺎ ﺩﺭﻳﺠﺎﻥ.
•ﭘﺎﺷﺎﻫﯽﻣﺎﺩ
۱(ﺩﻳﺎﺋﻮﮐﻮ.۲(ﻭﺭﺗ ﻓﺮﻩﻴﺶ.۳(َﺘﺮﺸﺧﻳَﺘەﺑﻨﻴﺎﻥﮔﺬﺍﺭﭘﺎﺩﺷﺎﻫﯽﻣﺎﺩ.۴(ﺑﻨ َﺮَﺘﺸﻫﻮﺧﻴﺎﻥﮔﺬﺍﺭﺷﺎﻫﻨﺸﺎﻫﯽ
ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ.۵(ﺗﺼﺮﻑَﺮَﺘﺸﻫﻮﺧ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺁﺷﻮﺭ ﮐﺸﻮﺭ.۶(ّﻴﺁﺭﻣﻨ ﮐﺸﻮﺭ ﺗﺼﺮﻑەَﺮﻫﻮﺧﺸﺘ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ.۷(ﺟﻨﮓ
ﻟ ﺷﺎﻩ ﺑﺎ َﺮﻫﻮﺧﺸﺘﻴَﻳِﺪە.۸(ﭘﺎﺩﺷﺎﻫ ﻧﻈﺎﻡﯽَﺮﻫﻮﺧﺸﺘ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺩ.۹(ﺗﺪﻭ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝﻳﻦﺩﺭﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻭﺳﺘﺎ
َﺮﻫﻮﺧﺸﺘ.۱۰(ِﺘَﺷﹶﺍﻴ،ﺎﮒﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦﻣﺎﺩ ﺷﺎﻩ.۱۱(ﻗﺒﺎﻳﻞﺷﺎﻫﻨﺸﺎﻫ ﻓﺮﺟﺎﻡ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺭﺱﯽﻣﺎﺩ.
- 3. ﻗـﻮﻡـــﺮﺍﻧﯽـﻳﺍ
ﻭﻗ ﻣﺎﺍﺯ ﺘﯽ»ﻗﻮﻡ«ﻣﯽ ﺳﺨﻦﺩﺭ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﹺﻦﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴ ﻳﮏ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﺍﺯ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻳﮏ ﮔﻮﺋﻴﻢ
ﻣﯽ ﳎﺴﻢ ﺫﻫﻨﻤﺎﻥﮐﻨﻴﻢﮐەﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﯽ ﹺﺮﺳﻔ ﻳﮏ ﺩﺭﺩﺍﺳﺘﺎﻬﻧ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﯽ ﺳﺎﻟﮥ ﻫﺰﺍﺭﺎﺋﺍﺯ ﺷﮕﻔﺖ ﯽ
ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻧﺎﮐﺎﻣﻴﻬﺎﯼ ﻭ ﮐﺎﻣﻴﺎﺑﻴﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺧﻴﺰﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺖ ﻭ ﻧﺸﻴﺒﻬﺎ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺍﺯﻫﺎ ﻭ ﲢﻮﻻﺕﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺭﺍ ﮔﻮﻧﯽ
ﺑﺎﺯﻣﯽﻋﻼﻗﻪ ﻭ ﮔﻮﻳﺪ؛ﻣﯽﻳﺎﺑﻴﻢﮐەﺩﺍﺳﺘﺎﻬﻧ ﺍﻳﻦﺎﯼﺷﮕﻔﺖ۔ﺩﻳﺮﻳﻨﮥ ﺳﺮﮔﺬﺷﺘﻬﺎﯼ ﺟﺰ ﭼﻴﺰﯼ ﮐﻪ
ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﻣﺎﻥ۔ﺭﺍﺑﺎﺯﺧﻮﺍﻧﯽﮐﻨﻴﻢ.
ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻥ ﹺﻦﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴ
ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﯽﮐەﻧﺎﻡ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥﺯﻣﻴﻦﺑەﻣﺴﮑﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﯼ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻬﻧﺎﯼ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﺧﻮﺩ
ﺑﯽ ﻗﺒﺎﻳﻞ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﲨﺎﻋﺎﺕﺑﻮﺩ ﺁﺭﻳﺎ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ ﻗﻮﻡ ﺍﺯ ﴰﺎﺭﯼﮐەﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﺮﺍﺳﺮ ﺩﺭﭘﺮﺍﮐﻨﺪﻩ ﻬﭘﻨﺎﻭﺭ
ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ.ﻣﯽ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﮐﻨﻮﻧﯽ ِﻥﺗﺎﺟﻴﮑﺴﺘﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﻦﺑﺰﺭﮒ ِﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﻭ ِﻥﻣﻴﺎ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﯼ ،ﺷﺪﺁﻣﻮﺩﺭﻳﺎﻭ
ﺳﻴﺮﺩﺭﻳﺎ)ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺗﺮﮐﻤﻨﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺍﺯﺑﮑﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﮐﻨﻮﻥ ﮐﻪﺍﻧﺪ(ﺭﺍﺑﺮ ﺩﺭﻣﯽ،ﮔﺮﻓﺖﺑﻴﺸﻴﻨﮥﹺﻦﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴ
ﻣ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺭﺍ ﮐﻨﻮﻧﯽ ِﻥﺍﻓﻐﺎﻧﺴﺘﺎﯽَﮏﻣ ،ﺷﺪﹸﺮﺍﻥﮐ)ﺍﮐﻨﻮﻥ ﮐﻪﺩ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮﺵ ﭘﺎﺭﮤﭘ ﺭﺍﺳﺖ ﺎﮐﺴﺘﺎﻥ(ﺭﺍ
ﻣﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞﺩﺭ ﺭﺍ ﮐﻨﻮﻧﯽ ِﻥﺍﻳﺮﺍ ،ﺷﺪﻣﯽﺩﻭ ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﯼ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ،ﻧﻮﺭﺩﻳﺪﹺﯽﻏﺮﺑ ﻭ ﺷﺮﻗﯽ ﺳﻮﯼ
ﻣﺎﺯﻧﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﯼﻣﯽﻭ ﺷﺪﺑەﻣﯽ ﻗﻔﻘﺎﺯ ﮐﻮﻫﻬﺎﯼﻭ ﺷﺮﻗﯽ ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﯼ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻏﺮﺏ ﺩﺭ ،ﺭﺳﻴﺪ
ﹺﯽﺟﻨﻮﺑﻭﺍﻥ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﭼﮥﻣﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ ِﻥﮐﺮﺩﺳﺘﺎ ﮐﻮﻫﺴﺘﺎﻧﯽ ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﯼ ﻭ ،ﺑﻮﺩ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯﯼﺷﺪ)ﮐﻪ
ﺍﮐﻨﻮﻥﭘﺎﺭﻩﺍﺻﻠﻴﺶ ﻫﺎﯼﺩﺭﮐﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﯼﺍﺳﺖ ﻋﺮﺍﻕ ﻭ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﻪ.(ﺭﺍ ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﳘﮥ»ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻓﻼﺕ«
ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺪ.ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎﻧ ِﻥﺳﺎﮐﻨﺎﯽﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻳﻦﺑەﺁﻥﭼەﻣﯽ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻓﻼﺕ ﻣﺎﺁﻥ ،ﮔﻮﺋﻴﻢﮔﻮﻧﻪﮐەﺍﻭﺳﺘﺎ ﺩﺭ
ﺍﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ،ﹶﻳﺮﻳﺎﻥﺍَﺀﻭﺍﺋﯽﺟﺎﻣﯽ،ﮔﻔﺘﻨﺪﮐەﻟﻔﻈﻴﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﯼ»ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻥ ﹺﻦﻧﺸﻴﻤ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ«ﻭ ،ﺍﺳﺖ
ﻣﯽ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯﻳﻨﺶ ِﻆﺗﻠﻔﺷﻮﺩﺁﺭﻳﺎﻥﺯﻣﻴﻦﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﺎ ﻭ ،ﮔﻮﺋﻴﻢ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ.
ﺑﻨﺪﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﺭ۱۳ﻭ۱۴َﺮﻣﻴﺘَﺸﺖﻳ)َﺸﺖﻳ ِﻬﺮﻣ(ﮐەﮐﻬﻦﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﻭ ﺁﺭﻳﺎ ﻗﻮﻡ ﺩﻳﻨﯽ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ
ﺑەﺷ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﺴﻴﺢ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻫﺰﺍﺭﮤﺍﻳﺰﺩ ﮐە ﺪﻩ»َﺮﻣﻴﺘ«ﮐﻮﻩ ﻓﺮﺍﺯ ﺍﺯُﺮﺯﺑﻫﺮﺍ)ﻗﻠﮥ ﻳﻌﻨﯽ
ﺩﻣﺎﻭﻧﺪ(ﻧﮕﻬﺒﺎﻧﯽ ﺭﺍ ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻳﯽ ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﯼﻣﯽﺍﺯ ﻭ ﮐﻨﺪ؛ﭼﻬﺎﺭﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺩﻩ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺭﻭﺩﺧﺎﻧﻪﺍﺳﺖﮐەﺩﺭ
ﻭ ﻫﺮﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻣﺮﻭ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺍﺭﺯﻡ ﻭ ﺳﻐﺪ ﺩﺭ ُﺮﺯﺑﻫﺮﺍ ﺑﺎﻻﯼ ِﺪﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴ ﹺﺮﺯﻳ ﹺﯽﺁﺭﻳﺎﻳ ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﯼ»ﺍﻳﺶﹶﺖﮐ«ﻭ
»َﺌﻮﺭﺕﭘ«ﺭﻭﺍﻥﺍﻧﺪ.ﺭﻭﺯ ﻧﻴﻤﮥ ﺩﺭ ﻭﻗﺘﯽ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪ ﻳﻌﻨﯽﺑەﻣﯽ ﺁﲰﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮥﻣﻴﺎﻧﮥ ﻓﺮﺍﺯ ﺑﺮ ﺭﺳﺪ
ﻣﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻳﯽ ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﯼﮔﻴﺮﺩ.ﺑەﻋﺒﺎﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻳﯽ ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﯼ ﻭﺳﻂ ﺩﺭ ُﺮﺯﺑﻫﺮﺍ ،ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺭﺕ
- 4. ﺑﺎﺯﺧﻮﺍﻧﯽﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ-ﲞﺶﳔﺴﺖ ۲۰
ﺍﺳﺖ ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻳﯽ ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﯼ ﹺﯽﺷﺮﻗ ﻭ ﴰﺎﻟﯽ ﲞﺸﻬﺎﯼ ﻫﺮﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻣﺮﻭ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺍﺭﺯﻡ ﻭ ﺳﻐﺪ ﻭ ،ﺍﺳﺖ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ.
ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﯼ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﯽ ﻭ ﻏﺮﺑﯽ ﲞﺶ ﻣﺴﻴﺢ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻫﺰﺍﺭﮤ ﺩﺭ ﮐﻨﻮﻧﯽ ِﻥﺍﻳﺮﺍ ،ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ
ﻣﯽ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﺭﺍ ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻳﯽﺩﺭﻳﺎ ﺷﺮﻗﯽ ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﯼ ﳘﮥ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﹺﻦﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺎﺯﻧﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﯼﻧﺸﻴﻤﻦِﻩﮔﺎ
ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻥ.
ﹺﺏﮐﺘﺎ ﹺﺯﺁﻏﺎ ﺩﺭﻭﻧﺪﻳﺪﺍﺩﺁﻣﺪﻩﮐەﹶﻳﺮﻳﺎﻥﺍَﺀﻭﺍﺋﯽﺟﺎﻭﻟﯽ ،ﺍﺳﺖ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﻬﺑﺘﺮﻳﻦ
ﺩﻝ ﻗﻮﻡ ﺁﻥ ﻧﺰﺩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻗﻮﻡ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﯼ َﺰﺩﺍﻣَﺭﺍﻫﻮﺗ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﭘﺴﻨﺪﻩﻃﻤﻊ ﭼﺸﻢ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﻗﻮﺍﻡ ﺎ
ﺑەﹶﻳﺮﻳﺎﻥﺍَﺀﻭﺍﺋﯽﺗﻌﺪﯼ ﺩﺭﺻﺪﺩ ﻭ ﻧﺪﻭﺯﻧﺪ ﺟﺎﺑەﺑﺮ ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻥﻧﻪﺁﻳﻨﺪ.ﳔﺴﺘﻴ ﺑﻨﺪﻫﺎﯼ ﳘﺎﻥ ﺩﺭﹺﻦ
ﹶﻳﺮﻳﺎﻥﺍ ﮐە ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﺄﮐﻴﺪ ﻭﻧﺪﻳﺪﺍﺩَﺀﻭﺍﺋﯽﹺﯽﴰﺎﻟ ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﯼ ﺗﺎ ﺟﺎﻭ ﺍﺳﺖ؛ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺭﺱ ﺭﻭﺩ
ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩﻧﻴﺰ ﺋﯽﺑەﺳﺮﻣﺎﯼِﺖﺳﺨﻣﯽ ﺍﺭﺱ ﺭﻭﺩ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﹺﯽﺁﺭﻳﺎﻳ ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﯼﮐﻨﺪ.
ِﮒﺑﺰﺭ ﹺﻡﻗﻮ ﻏﺮﺏ ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﳘﺴﺎﻳﮕﯽ ﺩﺭﺁﺭﻳﺎﻗﻮﻣ ،ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯﯼ ِﻥﺧﻮﺯﺳﺘﺎ ﺩﺭ ،ﹺﺁﺭﻳﺎﻳﯽﺮﻏﻴ ﯽ
ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﺟﺎﮔﻴﺮﮐەﹺﯽﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨ ِﺩﺍﺳﻨﺎ ﺩﺭَﻮﺝﺧ ﹺﻡﻗﻮ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎ)ﹺﻞﻣﺜَﻓﺖﺭ(ﺷﺪﻩ ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪﻩﺍﺳﻨﺎﺩ ﻭ ،ﺍﻧﺪ
ﻋﻴﻼﻡ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻬﻧﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺷﻮﺭ ﻭ ﹺﻞﺑﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﯽ)ﺑﺎﻻﻳﯽ ﻳﻌﻨﯽﻫﺎ/ﺑﺎﻻ ﹺﻦﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴ ﹺﻡﻣﺮﺩ(ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﻳﺎﺩﺍﻧﺪ.ﺩﺭ
ﻓﺮﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺩﺟﻠﻪ ﺭﻭﺩﻫﺎﯼ ﺣﻮﺿﮥ ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﯼ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺭﻳﺎ ﻗﻮﻡ ﹺﯽﻏﺮﺑ ﳘﺴﺎﻳﮕﯽﻋﺮﺍﻕ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﯽ ﻧﻴﻤﮥ ﺩﺭ ،
ﹺﯽﺑﻮﻣ ﺍﻗﻮﺍﻡ ﻧﻴﺰ ،ﮐﻨﻮﻧﯽﻣﻴﺎﻥﻣﯽ ﺭﻭﺩﺍﻥﺯﻳﺴﺘﻨﺪﮐەﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺭﺍ ﺁﻬﻧﺎ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺟﺎﯼ ﺩﺭ.
ﺑﻪِﻥﺩﻭﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺭﻳﺎ ﹺﻡﻗﻮ ﲤﺪﻥ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﮤ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻧﯽ ﺍﻃﻼﻉ ﻣﺎ ،ﻣﮑﺘﻮﺏ ِﺩﺍﺳﻨﺎ ِﻥﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ِﺖﻋﻠ
ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﻟﯽ ،ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﹺﺭﺩﻭﻫﺎﺋﯽﮐەﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﮐﺎﻭﺷﻬﺎﯼ ﺩﺭﺍﺯ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽﺑﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﹺﺮﺯﻳ
ﻣﯽ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺧﱪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩﺩﻫﺪﮐەﭘﺮﴰﺎﺭﯼ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﲨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﹺﺭﺩﻭ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻬﻧﺎﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻬﻧﺎ
ﻳﮏ ِﻥﲤﺪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼﳏﻠﯽ ﳏﺪﻭﺩ ﹺﯽﺣﮑﻮﻣﺘ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻼﺕ ،ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﯽ ﳎﻤﺘﻌﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﻧﺸﻴﻨﯽ
ﻭ ﮐﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯ ﻭ ،ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪﺩﺍﻡﭘﺮﻭﺭﺑﻮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ.
ﺍﺯﺁﻥﭼەﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﮐﺎﻭﺷﻬﺎﯼ ﺩﺭ ﮐﻨﻮﻥ ﺗﺎﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽﺑەﻣﯽ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﳑﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺩﺳﺖﺷﻮﺩﮐە
ﲤﺪﻬﻧﺎﺋﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﻴﺢ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻫﺰﺍﺭﮤ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺭﻳﺎ ﻗﻮﻡ ﲤﺪﻥﮐەﻭ ﮐﺎﺭﻭﻥ ﺭﻭﺩﻫﺎﯼ ﺣﻮﺿﮥ ﺩﺭ
ﻭ ،ﺧﻮﺯﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﮐﺮﺧﻪﻧﻴﺰ،ﺑﻮﺩ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﮑﻞ ﮐﻨﻮﻧﯽ ﹺﻕﻋﺮﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺩﺟﻠﻪ ﺭﻭﺩﻫﺎﯼ ﺣﻮﺿﮥ ﺩﺭ
ﭘﻴﺶ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥﺍﺳﺖ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ.ﮐﺎﺭﻭ ﻭ ﮐﺮﺧﻪ ﺣﻮﺿﮥ ﲤﺪﻥ ﺍﮐﻨﻮﻥﺭﺍ ﻥ»ﻋﻴﻼﻡ ِﻥﲤﺪ«ﲤﺪﻥ ﻭ ،
ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺩﺟﻠﻪ ﺣﻮﺯﮤ»ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ِﻥﲤﺪﺭﻭﺩﺍﻥ«ﻣﯽﻧﺎﻣﻨﺪ.
ﺁﻥﭼەﻣﯽ ﻣﺘﻤﺎﻳﺰ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎﻥ ِﻥﺟﻬﺎ ﺍﻗﻮﺍﻡ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﻴﺢ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻫﺰﺍﺭﮤ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺁﺭﻳﺎ ﻗﻮﻡﺳﺎﺯﺩ
ﺍﺳﺖ ﺁﻥﮐەﺑﺖ ﻋﻘﺎﻳﺪ ﻧﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻬﺎﻧﻴﺎﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎﻧﻪ؛ ﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎﻧﻪﺑﻞﮐەًﻣﻋﻤﻮ ﺧﺪﺍﻳﺎﻧﺸﺎﻥﺎ
ﺑﻮﺩﻧ ﺫﺍﻬﺗﺎﺋﯽﺪﮐەﺭﺍ ﺁﻬﻧﺎ ﻣﺎ»ﺁﲰﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﻈﺎﻫﺮ«ﻣﯽﻧﺎﻣﻴﻢ.ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ ﻫﻢ ﭘﻴﺎﻣﱪﺷﺎﻩ.ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ
ﻭ ﺁﺫﺭﺧﺶ ﻭ ﺍﺧﺘﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻩ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪ ﺁﺭﻳﺎ ﻗﻮﻡ ﺧﺪﺍﻳﺎﻥﺑﺎﺩﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ.َەﻧُﺭﻭﺍ)ﻓﻠﮏ(َﺮﻣﻴﺘ)ﻣﻬﺮ/
- 5. ﭘﻴﺪﺍﻳﺶﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ۲۱
ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪ ﻓﺮﻭﻍ(،َەﺘﹶﻧﺎﻫﻴﺍ)ﻧﺎﻫﻴﺪ/ﺯﻫﺮﻩ(،َﻫﺮﺍﻥﺭَﻭ)ﻬﺑﺮﺍﻡ/ﻣﺮﻳﺦ(،َەﻳَﺘﺮﺸﺧ)ﺗﻴﺮ/ﻋﻄﺎﺭﺩ(،
َﺭِﺪﺍﻳﻨ)ﺁﺫﺭﺧﺶ/ﺁﲰﺎﻧﯽ ﹺﻕﺑﺮ(،ﻭﺍﻳﻮ)ﻧﻴﺮﻭﯼﺗﻮﻓﺎﻥ(،َەﺗﹸﻮﺍﮔ)ﺭﻭﺡ ﻧﺴﻴﻢﭘﺮﻭﺭ(،َﺮﺗﺁ)ﺁﺫﺭ/ﻭ ﻧﻮﺭ
ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺕ(،ﺁﮔﻨﯽ)ﺳﻮﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﺁﺗﺶ(ِﻥﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮ ِﻥﺍﻳﺰﺩﺍﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﺁﺭﻳﺎ ﻗﻮﻡ.ﳘﮥﺍﻳﺰﺩﺍﻥﺫﺍﻬﺗﺎﺋﯽ ﺁﺭﻳﺎ ﻗﻮﻡ
ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﺁﲰﺎﻧﯽﮐەﭘﺪﻳﺪﻩ ﺩﺭﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻬﻧﺎ ِﻥﺟﻬﺎ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﹼﯽﻠَﺠَﺗ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﯽ ﻫﺎﯼﺑەﺧﻮﻳﺶ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﯼ
ﺍﺩﮐﻨﻨﺪ ﺍﺭﻩ.ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮﮐﺪﺍﻡﺍﻳﺰﺩﺍﻥﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮﯼ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﮐەﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻭ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ِﺖﻃﺒﻴﻌ ﺑﺮ
ﻣﻮﺭﺩﺳﺘﺎﻳﺶﻣﯽ ﻭﺍﻗﻊﺷﺪ.،ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ ﺭﺍ ﳔﺴﺖ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ َەﻧُﺭﻭﺍ ﻭ َﺮﻣﻴﺘﭼﻨﺎﻥﮐەﹺﺏﮐﺘﺎ ﺩﺭﺭﻳﮓﹺﻭﺩﺍ
)ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮ ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻥ ﮐﺘﺎﺏﺑەﻫﻨﺪ(ﻣﻌﻤﻮﹰﻻﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺎﻡﻧﻴﺎﻳﺸﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺑەﻣﯽ ﻫﻢ ِﻩﳘﺮﺍﺁﻳﺪ.
»َﺮﻣﻴﺘ«ﺩﺭﻭ ﺑﻮﺩ ﳎﺮﺩ ﺻﻔﺖ ﻳﮏ ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻳﯽ ﺯﺑﺎﻥﺑەﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﯽ ﳘﺎﻥﺑەﻣﯽ ﮐﺎﺭﺭﻓﺖﮐەﺍﮐﻨﻮﻥ
ﭘﺎﺭﺳﯽ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﺩﺭﺑەﮐﺎﺭﻣﯽﺭﻭﺩ:ﺩﻭﺳﺘﯽ،ﳏﺒﺖ،ﻣﻬﺮ.ﻭﺍﮊﮤ ﺍﺳﺖ ﳎﺮﺩ ﺻﻔﺖ ﳘﻴﻦ ﺍﺯ»ﻣﻬﺮﺑﺎﻥ«
ﺑەﻣﻌﻨﺎﯼ»ﭘﺎﺱﺩﺍﺭﻣﻬﺮ«.َﺮﻣﻴﺘِﺩﺍﻳﺰﺭﻭﺷﻦﺣﻴﺎﺕ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺑﻮﺩ ﻣﻬﺮﺁﻓﺮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﲞﺶﮐەﺯﻧﺪﮔﯽﺑﻴﺪﺍﺭﯼ ﻭ
ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺣﺮﮐﺖ ﻭﻣﯽ ﺍﻭﻧﺎﺷﯽ ﺍﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻟﺬﻬﺗﺎ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺷﻴﻬﺎ ﳘﮥ ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻥ ﻋﻘﻴﺪﮤ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺘﻨﺪ
ﻣﯽﳘﻪ ،ﺷﺪﻣﯽ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﺯﻩﺗﺎﺑﻴﺪﻣﯽ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ ﻭﮐﺮﺩﺑە ﮔﻴﺎﻩ ﻭ ﺟﺎﻧﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺗﺎﺯﻧﺪﮔﯽﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ
َەﺘﹶﻧﺎﻫﻴﺍ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺘﻬﺎﯼ ﻭ ﺯﻣﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﺰ ﻭ ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻬﺑﺎﺭ ﺁﻣﺪﻥ ﻭ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﹺﺮﺗﻐﻴﻴ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ؛ﺭﻳﺰﺵ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ
ﺷﺪﻥ ﺟﺎﺭﯼ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭﺍﻥﺭﻭﻳﺶ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺩﻫﺎﺳﺒﺰﻩﻭ ﻫﺎﺑﻮﺗﻪﻫﺎﺩﺭﺧﺘﺎﻥ ﻭﻣﻴﻮﻩ ﻭﻫﺎﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﺩﮔﺎﻥ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺁﺑﺴﱳ ﻭ
ﻣﯽ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺘﻪ ﺍﻭﺷﺪ.ﺑﻮﺩ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ ﻭ ﻋﺎﻡ ﹺﺮﻣﻬ ﲡﺴﻢ َﺮﻣﻴﺘ.ﻣﯽ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻭﳘﻪ ،ﺗﺎﺑﻴﺪﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺟﺎ
ﻣﯽﭘﺮﺗﻮﺵ ،ﮐﺮﺩﺑەﳘﻪﻣﯽ ﺟﺎﳘﻪ ﺩﺭ ،ﺭﺳﻴﺪﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﹺﺵِﺩﹶﺮﮔ ﺑﺎ ﻭ ،ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺟﺎﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺍﺵ
ﭼﻬ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻭ ﻓﺼﻮﻝﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺭﺍ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺖ ﺮﮤﺷﺪ.ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺗﯽﮐەﻓﺮﺍﻣﯽ ﺍﻭﳘﮥ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺁﻭﺭﺩِﺕﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﺍ
ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﺭﻭﯼﻣﯽ ﺑﺪﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻧﻴﮑﺎﻥ ﳘﮥ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻬﻧﺎ ﳘﮥ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻭﺷﺪ.ﺍﻭﺑەﮐﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﯼ ﻫﻴﭻ
ﺑﻮﺩ ﺭﲪﺘﯽ ﻭ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺖﮐەﻣﻮﺟﻮ ﳘﮥ ﺷﺎﻣﻞﻣﯽ ﺩﺍﺕﺷﺪ.ﹺﯽﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎﻧ ﺳﺮﻭﺩﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﺭﻳﺸﺖ ﻣﻬﺮﺁﻣﺪﻩﮐە
ﮐﺴﺎﻧﯽﮐەﻣﯽ ﺭﺍ َﺮﻣﻴﺘﺳﺘِﻥﺳﺘﺎﻳﻨﺪﮔﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ َﺮﻣﻴﺘ ﭼﻮﻥ ﮐﺮﺩﺍﺭﺷﺎﻥ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺎﻳﻨﺪﹺﻦﺭﺍﺳﺘﻴﻭﻟﯽ ،ﻣﻴﺘﺮﺍﻳﻨﺪ
ﻭ ،ﻣﻴﺘﺮﺍﻳﻨﺪ ﺩﺭﻭﻏﻴﻦ ﺳﺘﺎﻳﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ َﺮﻣﻴﺘ ﭼﻮﻥ ﮐﺮﺩﺍﺭﺷﺎﻥ ﺍﮔﺮﺑەﺟﺎﯼﺁﻥﮐەﻧﻴﮏﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﮐﺮﺩﺍﺭ
ﻣﯽ ﺑﺪﯼﻭ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﺑەﺟﺎﯼﺁﻥﮐەﺧﺸﻢ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻣﻬﺮﻭﺭﺯﺁﻭﺭﺍﺳﺘﻭ ﻨﺪﺑەﺟﺎﯼﺁﻥﺑە ﮐەﻭﺭﺯﻧﺪ ﻭﻓﺎ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻬﻧﺎ
ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻥﺷﮑﻦﻭ ﺍﻧﺪﺑەﺟﺎﯼﺁﻥﮐەﻧﺴﺒﺖﺑەﮐﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﺭﺯﻧﺪ ﳏﺒﺖ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﺍﺕﻭﺭﺯﺍﺳﺘﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﻬﺎ ﻨﺪ؛
ﮐﺮﺩﺍﺭﺷﺎﻥ ﹺﺮﻇﺎﻫﺳﺘﺎﻳﺶﮔﺮَﺮﻣﻴﺘ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﻴﻦ ِﻥﺍﺑەﻣﯽ ﻧﻈﺮﻭ ﻧﻴﮑﯽ ﻭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻗﻠﺒﺸﺎﻥ ﻭﻟﯽ ﺭﺳﻨﺪ
ﻋﺪﺍﻟﺖﺑەﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﻭﺭ.١
ﺍﺳﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ﺻﻔﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ َﺮﻣﻴﺘ ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ ﺩﺭﺑﺮ ﺩﺭ ﮐەﮐﺴﯽ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺖ؛ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻞ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪﮤ
ﮐەﺭﺍ َﺮﻣﻴﺘﻣﯽﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺳﺘﺎﻳﺪﳘﭽﻮﻥﻭ ﺟﻮﻳﺪ؛ ﺩﻭﺭﯼ ﺭﺫﺍﻳﻞ ﳘﮥ ﺍﺯ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻞ ﻭﺍﻻﯼ ﳕﻮﻧﮥ َﺮﻣﻴﺘ
1.،ﻳﺸﺘﻬﺎ۱۰/۲۹،۱۰۴۔۱۱۱،۱۳۷۔۱۳۹.
- 6. ﺑﺎﺯﺧﻮﺍﻧﯽﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ-ﲞﺶﳔﺴﺖ ۲۲
ﳘﺎﻥﮔﻮﻧﻪﮐەَﺮﻣﻴﺘﺑەﻣﯽ ﳘﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻟﻄﻒ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﯽ ﳘﮥﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺭﺍ ﺳﺎﻝ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ِﺕﺑﺮﮐﺎ ﻭ َﺪﺑﺗﺎ
ﻓﺮﺍﻣﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﺍﺕ ﳘﮥﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ،َﺩﺭﺁﻭﺑەﻫﺴﺘﯽ ﳘﮥﳘﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻬﺮﻭﺭﺯﻳﺶ ﻭ َﺩﺯَﺭﻮﺑ ﻣﻬﺮ ﻫﺎ
ﻭ ﮐﺲﻫﻴﭻ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍ ﺧﻮﻳﺶ ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﭼﻴﺰ ﳘﻪﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺩﺭﻳﻎ ﭼﻴﺰ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻭ ﮐﺲ.
»َەﺘﹶﻧﺎﻫﻴﺍ«ِﺩﺍﻳﺰﺑﻮﺩ ﺯﺍﻳﻨﺪﮔﯽ ﻭ ﺭﻭﻳﺶ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭﻭﺭﯼ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭﻧﺪﮔﯽﺑە ﮐەﺑﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺗﺪﺑﻴﺮﺵ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺍﺩﻩ
ﻣﯽﺭﻭﺩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭﻳﺪﺑەﻣﯽ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥﻣﯽ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﻧﺪﻣﺎﺩﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺋﻴﺪﻧﺪ)ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ِﻥﺟﺎﻧﻮﺭﺍ ﻭ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ(
ﻣﯽ ﺁﺑﺴﱳﺯﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻭ ﺷﺪﻧﺪﻣﯽ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﮔﻴﺎﻩ ﻭ ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥﻳﺎﻓﺖ.َەﺘﹶﻧﺎﻫﻴﺍ ِﺖﺭﲪﳘﮥ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﻴﺰ
ﻣﯽ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ِﺕﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﺍﻭ ﺷﺪﺑەﳘﻴﻦﺑﻮﺩ ﺳﺘﻮﺩﻧﯽ ﺳﺒﺐ.َەﺘﹶﻧﺎﻫﻴﺍ ﻳﻌﻨﯽِﺕﺫﺍ ﻳﮏ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻧﻴﺰ
ﺑﻮﺩ ﻣﻘﺪﺱﮐەﺭﺍ ﺧﻮﺩﺵ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥﳘﻭ ،ﮐﻨﺪ ﺍﻭ ﭽﻮﻥﳘﭽﻮﻥﳘﻪ ﺍﻭﳘﻪ ﻭ ﮐﺲﺭﺍ ﭼﻴﺰ
ﺑﺮﮐﺎﺗ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺩﻭﺳﺖﺶﺑەﳘﻪﳘﻪ ﻭ ﮐﺲﺑﺮﺳﺪ ﭼﻴﺰ.ﻣﻌﻨﺎﯼﹺﯼﻇﺎﻫﺮَﻋ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ َەﺘﹶﻧﺎﻫﻴﺍﺬﺭﺍﺀ
ﺍﺳﺖ ﻋﺮﺑﯽ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺼﻮﻣﻪ ﻭﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﺁﻬﻧﺎ ﳘﭽﻮﻥ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﺶ ﻭﻟﯽ.
»َەﻳَﺘﺮﺸﺧ«ِﺩﺍﻳﺰﻓﻨﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﲞﺶﻭ ﺭﺯﻡﻣﯽ ﻳﺎﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻧﱪﺩﺩﺍﺩ.ﺍﻭﺑەﺑﻮﺩ ﺁﻣﻮﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﺮﺩﻡﮐە
ﺟﻨﮓﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻓﺎﻉ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻭ ﺑﺴﺎﺯﻧﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻭ ﺷﻴﺮ ﭼﻮﻥ ﺗﻴﺰﭼﻨﮕﺎﻟﯽ ﺩﺭﻧﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ
ﮐﻨﻨﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺩﴰﻨﺎﻥ ﲡﺎﻭﺯﻫﺎﯼ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻭ ،ﮔﺮﮒ ﻭ ﺑﱪ ﻭ ﭘﻠﻨﮓ.ﻧﻴﺰﺑەﺭﻣﯽ ﻳﺎﺩ ﻫﱪﺍﻥﺩﺍﺩ
ﭼەﮔﻮﻧ ﮐەﮐﻨﻨﺪ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺭﺍ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﻪ.
»َﺮﺗﺁ«)ﺁﺫﺭ(ِﺩﺍﻳﺰﮔﺮﻣﯽ ﻭ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺕﺑﻮﺩ ﺁﻓﺮﻳﻦﮐەﻣﯽ ﮔﺮﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺯﻣﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯼ ﺩﺭﺩﺍﺷﺖ
ﻳﺦ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺗﺎﻣﻮﺫﯼ ﺟﺎﻧﻮﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻭ ،ﳕﻴﺮﺩ ﺯﺩﮔﯽﮐەﺍﻫﺮﯼ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﮥﺩﺭ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ َﻦﻣ
ﻣﯽ ﺍﻣﺎﻥﳕﯽ ﺟﺮﺃﺕ ﻣﻮﺫﯼ ِﻥﺟﺎﻧﻮﺭﺍ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﺁﺗﺶ ﻫﺮﺟﺎ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ؛ﮐﺮﺩﻧﺪﺑە ﮐەﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ
ﺑﻮﺩ ﺁﺫﺭ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﯼ ﺍﺯ ﳘﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭ ،ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﮏﮐەﺍﻫﺮﯼ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫﺎﯼﻣﯽ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺯ َﻨﯽﻣﻭ ﺗﺮﺳﻴﺪﻧﺪﺑەﺍﻭ
ﻧﺰﺩﻳﮏﳕﯽﺷﺪﻧﺪ؛ﺑﻌﻼﻭﻩ،ﭼﻮﻥ ﺁﺫﺭﮐەﻣﯽ ﺩﻭﺳﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥﺑﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺟﺎﻧﻮﺭﺍﻥ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ
ﻣﯽ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﺶﺑﱪﺩ ﻟﺬﺕ ﻭ ﲞﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺗﺎ ﭘﺨﺖﺗﻦ ﻭ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﺩ ﻧﻴﺮﻭ ﻭَﺪﻧﲟﺎ ﺩﺭﺳﺖ.
»َەﺗﹸﻮﺍﮔ«ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﹺﻢﻧﺴﻴﺑﻮﺩ ﮔﺮﺩﮐەﹺﺮَﺑ)ﹺﻢﲣ ﹶﺮﺩﮤﮔ ﻳﻌﻨﯽ(ﺧﻮﺩﺵ ﺑﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺟﺎﻧﻮﺭﺍﻥ ﻭ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎﻥ
ﺑەﳘﻪﻣﯽ ﺟﺎﺟ ﻭ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎﻥ ﺗﺎ ﭘﺮﺍﮐﻨﺪﻣﯽ ﳘﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ؛ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻭ ﺯﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﺭﻭﺭ ﺎﻧﻮﺭﺍﻥﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻭﺯﻳﺪ
ﻣﯽ ﺷﺎﺩﺍﺏ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﺧﺘﺎﻥ ﻭﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺳﻌﺎﺩﺕ ﺧﺪﻣﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﺑﺮ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺗﺎ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ.ﺭﺍ ﺍﺑﺮﻫﺎﮐەﺍﺯ
ﺭﲪﺖ ﹺﻡﺩﺩﻭﺭﺩﺳﺖ ﺟﺎﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﺑﺮﺧﺎﺳﺘﻪ ﺍﻫﺎﻧﻴﺘە ﹺﺭﺑﺎﺑەﻣﯽ ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻳﯽ ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﯼﺗﺎ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ
ﮐ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺑﺮﮐﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺒﺎﺭﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﺭﺍﻥﻨﻨﺪ.،ﻧﻴﺰﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻬﻧﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍ ﺁﺯﺍﺭﺭﺳﺎﻥ ِﺕﺣﺸﺮﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﯼ َەﺗﹸﻮﺍﮔ
ﻣﯽﻣﯽ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺭﺍ ﮔﺮﻣﺎ ﻭ ،ﮐﺮﺩﺯﺩﻭﺩ.ﺷﺎﺩﯼ َەﺗﮔﻮﺍﺑﻮﺗﻪ ﻭ ،ﺑﻮﺩ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﳘﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺩﺭﺧﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻫﺎ
ﻭ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﺍﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻝ ﺷﺎﺩﻣﺎﻧﻪﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺩﺭﻣﯽ ﺍﻭﻣﯽ ﺳﺮﻭﺩ ﻭ ﺭﻗﺼﻴﺪﻧﺪﺧﻮﺍﻧﺪﻧﺪ.١
1.ﮐە ﺍﺳﺖ ﻳﺎﺩﺁﻭﺭﯼ ِﺩﺩﺭﺧﻮﺭ»ﹸﻮﺍﺕﮔ«ﹺﻦﮐﻬ ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﮐە»ﺑﺎﺩ«ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺑﻠﻮﭼﯽ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺳﺖ
- 7. ﭘﻴﺪﺍﻳﺶﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ۲۳
»َەﻧُﺭﻭﺍ«ِﺩﺍﻳﺰﺳﺮﻧﻮﺷ ،ﺑﻮﺩ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻣﯽ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺍﻭ ﺭﺍ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺖﻣﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻣﺮﮒ ﻭ ،ﮐﺮﺩ
ﻣﯽ ﺍﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺭﺍﺑﺮﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻬﻧﺎ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺳﺘﺎﺩﺑەﻣﯽ ﺧﻮﺩﺵ ﹺﻢﹶﻟﻋﺎُﺮﺩﺑ.ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﺮﺍﻥ ِﻥﺟﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ َەﻧُﺭﻭﺍ ﻗﻠﻤﺮﻭ
ﺑﯽ ﻓﻀﺎﯼ ﺳﺮﺍﺳﺮ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺁﲰﺎﻥ ﺯﻳﺮﺭﺍ ﮐﺮﺍﻧﻪﺑﺮ ﺩﺭﻣﯽﮔﺮﻓﺖ.ﹺﻝﻣﻌﺎﺩ َەﻧُﺭﻭﺍ»ﻓﻠﮏ ﹺﺥَﺮﭼ«ﺑەﳘﺎﻥ
ﺍﺳﺖ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﯽ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﯼﮐەﺍﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﯽ ِﺕﺍﺩﺑﻴﺎ ﺩﺭ)ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﻭ»ﹺﻥﻮﻫﻴ«ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﯽ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ
ﺍﺳﺖ.(ﺭﻳﮓ ﺩﺭ َەﻧُﺭﻭﺍ ﻭﺻﻒﻭﺩﺍِﻨﺪﻫ ِﻥﺁﺭﻳﺎ ﯼﺑەﮔﻮﻧﻪﺍﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺋﯽﮐەﻳﮏ ﳘﺘﺎﯼ ﳘﭽﻮﻥ
ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ َﺮﻣﻴﺘ ﮐﻨﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻔﺖ.َﺮﻣﻴﺘ ﻭ َەﻧُﺭﻭﺍ ،ﺗﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺳﺎﻣﺎﻥِﻥﺩﻫﻨﺪﮔﺎ»ﮔﺬﺭﻧﺪﻩ ﹺﺭﺭﻭﺯﮔﺎ«
ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺪﹺﺭﺭﻭﺯﮔﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭ ،ﮔﺬﺭﻧﺪﭘﯽ ﺩﺭ ﻩﹺﯽﳘ)ﹺﺐﺗﻌﺎﻗ(ﻣﯽ ﲢﻘﻖ ﺷﺐ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺯﻳﺎﺑﺪﮐەﺷﺪﺷﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺁﻣﺪ
ﺑەﺍﺳﺖ َﺮﻣﻴﺘ ﻭ َەﻧﻭﺍﺭﻭ ﺗﺪﺑﻴﺮ.َﺮﻣﻴﺘﻫﺴﺘﯽِﺩﺍﻳﺰ ﻭ ﲞﺶﺭﻭﺯﺭﻭﺷﻨﺎﻳﯽ ﻭﻭﺍﺭﻧە ﻭ ،ِﺩﺍﻳﺰﻭ ﺷﺐ
ﻭ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﮑﯽﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥﺑﻮﺩ ﺳﺘﺎﺭﮔﺎﻥ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﮥ ﺭﻭﺍﯼ.ﺍﻳﻦ ﹺﯽﺯﻧﺪﮔ ِﺩﺍﻳﺰ َﺮﻣﻴﺘﹺﯽﺯﻧﺪﮔ ِﺩﺍﻳﺰ َەﻧُﻭﻭﺍﺭ ﻭ ،ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ
ﺁﻥﺑﻮﺩ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ.
ﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﺍﺯﺍﻳﺰﺩﺍﻥﮐەﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﮔﺮﺩﺍﻧﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺁﲰﺎﻥ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻫﺸﺎﻥ
ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻓﺮﻳﺪﮔﺎﺭ ﺩﻭ ،ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪﮐەﹺﺯﻓﺮﺍ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻫﺸﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺑﻮﺩ ﺁﲰﺎﻥ.ﻳﮑﯽﺍﺯ
ﺍﻳﻦﻧﺎﻣﺶ ﺩﻭَﺭﻫﻮﹶﺍﺩﻳﮕﺮﯼ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺩَﻮَﻳﺩ.ﺩﻭﺭﯼ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻬﻧﺎﯼ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻥﺑەﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﻓﮑﺮ ﻃﺮﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪﮐەﺩﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺴﺘﯽ ﳘﮥﺧﺪﺍﯼﺍﺳﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ.ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻩ ﺧﺪﺍﯼ َﺭﹶﻫﻮﺍﮐﻨﻨﺪﮤ
ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺫﺍﺗﺶ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﹺﯽﮐﻠ ﺍﻣﻮﺭﻣﯽ ﹼﯽﻠَﺠَﺗﺍﺩﺍﺭﻩ ﺧﺪﺍﯼ َﻮَﻳﺩ ﻭ ،ﻳﺎﻓﺖﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﮤ
َەﻧُﺭﻭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺫﺍﺗﺶ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺷﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﹺﯽﮐﻠﻭﻣﯽ ﹼﯽﻠَﺠَﺗ ﺍﺧﺘﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻩﻳﺎﻓﺖ.ﺍﻳﺰﺩﺍﻧﯽﮐەﺭﺍ ﻧﺎﻣﺸﺎﻥ
ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻳﻢﺍﺭﺍﺩﮤ ِﻥﳎﺮﻳﺎﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ ﺧﺪﺍﯼ ﺩﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ.
ﻳﮏ ﲨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﺑﺎﹺﻦﺟﺎﻧﺸﻴﺁﺭﻳﺎﻳﯽﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﯽ ﲨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ،ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎ ﺁﻣﺪﻥ ﭘﺪﻳﺪ ﻭﮐە
ﺑەﻫﻢ ﻭ ﺻﻠﺢﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ َﻮﺩﻳ ﻭ ،ﺷﺪ ﺑﺮﺗﺮﺷﺎﻥ ﺧﺪﺍﯼ َﺭﺍﻫﻮ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﺶ ﻭ ﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺯﻳﺴﺘﯽ
ﺷﺒﺎﻥ ﲨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺗﻮﺟﻪﮐﺎﺭﻩ)ﺭﻣﻪﺩﺍﺭ(ﺑﻮﺩ ّﻞِﻘَﻨَﺘُﻣ ﻭ.ﺍﺯﺍﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻳﻦﻧﻮﻳﻨﯽ ﺻﻔﺘﻬﺎﯼﮐەﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ
ﻣﯽ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩﮐﺮﺩﺑەﺍﺯﲨﻠﻪ ﺷﺪ؛ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺧﺪﺍ ﺩﻭ ﺍﻳﻦﺁﻥﮐەﺧﺪﺍﯼ َﺭﺍﻫﻮ ﻭ ،ﺷﺪ ﺧﺸﻢ ﻭ ﻗﻬﺮ ﺧﺪﺍﯼ َﻮَﻳﺩ
ﻫﻢ ﻭ ﺻﻠﺢ ﻭ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﻬﺮﺯﻳﺴﺘﯽ.
ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪﻩ ﺑﺎِﻥﺷﺪ ﺗﺮﹺﯽﺯﻧﺪﮔﻭ ﺁﻣﺪ ﭘﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﻮﻳﻨﯽ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﯼ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﯽ ﺟﻮﺍﻣﻊ ﺩﺭ ﲨﻌﯽ
ﻧﻮﻳﻨﯽ ﺻﻔﺘﻬﺎﯼ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﳘﺮﺍﻩﺑەﺷﺪ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ َﻮَﻳﺩ ﻭ َﺭﺍﻫﻮ.َﺭﺍﻫﻮ ﻫﻢ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﯽﺑەﲨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺧﺪﺍﯼ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ
ﻣﯽﺷﻮﺩ)ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ ﮔﻮﺍﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﺩ ﻳﻌﻨﯽ(.»ﹸﺒﺎﺩﻗ«ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻫﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﹸﻮﺍﺕﮔ ﻋﺮﺑﯽ ِﻆﺗﻠﻔ ﮐە
ﹸﻮﺍﺗﺎﮔ ﮐﺎﻭﮮ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎ ﹺﯽﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨ ﺩﺍﺳﺘﺎﻬﻧﺎﯼ ﺩﺭ ﮐە ﺷﺎﻫﯽ ﳔﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﻭ ،ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ)ﮐﮯﹸﻮﺍﺩﮐ(
ﺍﺳﺖ.ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦﻋﺮﺑﯽ ِﻥﻧﻮﻳﺴﺎﺩ ﹺﺭﻧﮕﺎﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﹸﺒﺎﺩﻗ ﺭﺍ ﹸﻮﺍﺕﮔ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﯽ ﻭﺯﺑﺎﻧﮥﻣﺴﻠﻤﺎﻥ ِﻥﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺪﻧﻴﺰ ﺷﺪﻩ
ﺑﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﺑەﮐﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﻏﻠﻂ ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ.
- 8. ﺑﺎﺯﺧﻮﺍﻧﯽﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ-ﲞﺶﳔﺴﺖ ۲۴
ﻳﮏﺷﺪ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺟﺎﻧﺸﻴﻦ.ﺩﺭ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ ِﺩﺭﺧﺪﺍ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﮤ»ﺭﻳﮓﹺﺩﺍﻭ«ﺑەﮔﻮﻧﮥﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﺳﺨﻦ ﺁﺷﮑﺎﺭﯼ
ﻣﺴﺎﳌﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺧﱪ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺖﺻﻠﺢ ﻭ ﺟﻮﻳﮏ ِﺕﲨﺎﻋﺎ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻃﻠﺐﻣﯽ ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻳﯽ ﹺﻦﺟﺎﻧﺸﻴﺩﻫﺪ.ﺁﳒﺎ ﺩﺭ
ﺷﺪﻩ ﮔﻔﺘﻪﮐەﭘﻴﺮﻭ َﻮﺩﻳ ﺍﺯ َﺭﹶﻫﻮﺍ ﭘﻴﺮﻭﺍﻥﳕﯽ ﯼﺟﻨﮓ ﻭ ،ﻧﻴﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺟﻨﮕﺠﻮ ،ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ،١
ﻭ
ﻳﮏ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﯽ ِﺖﻃﺒﻴﻌ ﺍﻳﻦﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﯼ ﻭ ﺟﺎﻧﺸﻴﻨﯽ.ﺍﺯﺭﻳﮓ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﮥﹺﺩﺍﻭﺑﺮﻣﯽﺁﻳﺪﮐەِﻥﺁﺭﻳﺎ
ﭘﺮﺳﺘﻨﺪﮤﺟﻨﮓ َﻮَﻳﺩﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﲡﺎﻭﺯﻃﻠﺐ ﻭ ﺁﻭﺭﺭﻣﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻨﻘﻞ ﻗﺒﺎﻳﻞ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﯽ ِﺖﻃﺒﻴﻌ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭ ؛ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺍﺭ.
ِﮒﺑﺰﺭ ﺭﺧﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎَﻩﻮَﻳﺩ ﻭ َﻩﺭﺍﻫﻮ ﹺﻢﺗﻘﺴﻴﺁﺭﻳﺎﻥ ِﮒﺑﺰﺭ ِﺕﲨﺎﻋﺎ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺩﺭﮐەﺩﺭﺍﺯ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﯽ
ﭖ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻫﺰﺍﺭﮤ ﹺﻞﺍﻭﺍﺋﺁﺭﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩ ﺭﺥ ﻡﺑەﹺﺶﲞ ﺩﻭﺷﺪﻧﺪ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻣﺘﻤﺎﻳﺰ:ﲞﺸﯽﮐەﻳﮏﺟﺎﻧﺸﻴﻦ
ﲞﺸﯽ ﻭ ،ﺑﻮﺩ ﺑﺮﺗﺮﺷﺎﻥ ﺧﺪﺍﯼ َﺭﺍﻫﻮ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪﮐەﺑﻮﺩ ﺑﺮﺗﺮﺷﺎﻥ ﺧﺪﺍﯼ َﻮَﻳﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﻣﺘﻨﻘﻞ.ﺍﺯﺍﻳﻦ
ﺯﻣﺎﻥ،ﺑەﺗﻌﺪﻳﻬﺎﺋﯽ ﻋﻠﺖﮐەﻣﺘﻨﻘﻞ ﲨﺎﻋﺎﺕﺑەﺭﻭﺳﺘﺩﺍﺭﺍﺋﻴﻬ ﻭ ﳑﺘﻠﮑﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺎﻧﺸﻴﻨﺎﻥﺎﺷﺎﻥ
ﻣﯽﻭ ،ﮐﺮﺩﻧﺪﺑەﻋﻠﺖﺁﻥﮐەﻣﯽ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻧﺸﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﺶ ﺳﻠﺐ ﻭ ﻧﺎﺍﻣﻨﯽ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺁﻬﻧﺎ ﲡﺎﻭﺯﻫﺎﯼ،ﺷﺪ
ِﻥﺁﺭﻳﺎ ﻧﺰﺩ َﻮَﻳﺩﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻧﺸﻴﻦﺑەﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺗﻌﺪﯼ ﻭ ﲡﺎﻭﺯ ﺧﺪﺍﯼﺷﺪﻣﻨﻔﻮﺭ ﻭﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ.ﺑﻮﺩ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻋﻠﺘﺶ
ﮐەﺁﻬﻧﺎ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻬﺎﯼﮐەﻣﻌﻤﻮ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎ ﺗﺎﺭﺍﺝ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﲪﻠﻪﹰﻻﻣﯽ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺷﺐ ﺩﺭﮔﺮﻓﺖﮐەﺯﻣﺎﻥ
ﺑﻮﺩ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺑﺮ َﻮَﻳﺩ ﺣﺎﮐﻤﻴﺖ.ﺑەﺗﻌﺪﻳﻬﺎﺋﯽ ،ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﻴﺎﻥﮐەﺁﻬﻧﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂﺑەﺭﻣﯽ ﻭﺳﺘﺎﻧﺸﻴﻨﺎﻥﺭﻓﺖ
ﺑەﻣﯽ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ َﻮﺩﻳ ﺍﺭﺍﺩﮤﺷﺪ ﺳﺒﺐ ﳘﻴﻦ ﻭ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ؛ﮐەﻣﺴﺎﳌﺖ ﲨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻧﺰﺩ َﻮﺩﻳﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﯽ ﺟﻮﯼ
ﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﻣﻨﻔﻮﺭ.ﻋﻘﻴﺪﻩﺑەﻇﻠﻤﺖ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺳﺘﻴﺰ)َﻮَﻳﺩ ﻭ َﺭﺍﻫﻮ(ﻭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﳘﻴﻦ ﺍﺯﺁﻥ ﭘﻨﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﺭﺩﺍﺯ ﲞﺶ
ﺷﺪ ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻥﮐەﻭ ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ؛ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﯽ ﻗﻮﻡ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎﭼﻨﺎﻥﮐەﻣﯽﺍﺳﺎﺳﯽ ﻋﻘﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ،ﺩﺍﻧﻴﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ
ﻣﯽ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﯽ ﺩﻳﻦ ﭘﺎﻳﮥ ﻭ ﺭﮐﻦﺩﻫﺪ.
ﻫﻢ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﻃﺮﮤﻣﺴﺎﳌﺖ ﹺﯽﺯﻳﺴﺘﺑﺎﻗﯽ ﻫﻨﺪﻭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺘﻮﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ َﻮﺩﻳ ﻭ َﺭﹶﻫﻮﺍ ِﻥﭘﻴﺮﻭﺍ ﺁﻣﻴﺰ
ﺍﺯ ﴰﺎﺭﯼ ﺩﺭ ﻭ ،ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩﺳﺮﻭﺩﻩﺭﻳﮓ ﻫﺎﯼﻣﯽ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﹺﺩﺍﻭﺷﻮﺩ.ﺩﺭَەﺗَﻬﺎﻬﺑﺎﺭﺍﻣ)ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﮐﺘﺎﺏ
ِﻨﺪﻫ ِﻥﺁﺭﻳﺎﮐەﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﻴﺢ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺶ ﳔﺴﺖ ﻫﺰﺍﺭﮤ ﺩﺭﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻦﮔﺸﺘﻪ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﻫﻨﺪ(ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢﮐە
َﺭﹶﻫﻮﺍ ﻭ َﻮﺩﻳ ﺭﻭﺯﮔﺎﺭﯼﺩﻭﻭ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﺩﺭﺑﺎﻣﯽ ﻫﻢ،ﺯﻳﺴﺘﻨﺪ(*)
ﺑﺮﺍﺩﺭ َﻮﺩﻳ ﻭ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮ ﹺﺭﺑﺮﺍﺩ َﺭﹶﻫﻮﺍ
1.ﺭﻳﮓﹺﺩﺍﻭ۸/ﺳﻮﮐﺘﺎ۹ﺑﻨﺪ ،۸۵.
(*)َﺭﹶﻫﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪﯼ ِﻥﺁﺭﻳﺎ ِﻆﺗﻠﻔ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺷﺪﻩَﺭﹶﺳﻮﺍﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﮔﻔﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ.ﳍﺠﻪ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﯽ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﳐﺘﻠﻒ ﻫﺎﯼﻧﻴﺰﺩﻭ
ﺣﺮﻑ»ﺱ«ﻭ«»ﻫﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺩﺭﻣﯽ ﻳﮑﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﺟﺎﻧﺸﻴﻦ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﯼﺷﻮﻧﺪ.ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺜﺎﳍﺎﯼ:
َﭙﺖﻫ/َﭙﺖﺳ َە۔ﺘَﭙﻫ/َەﺘَﭙﺳ)ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻫﻔﺖ(َﻩﺩ َﺱ۔ﺩ ،)ﺩﻩ ﻋﺪﺩ(ُﺮﻭﺱﺧ ،َﻭَﻫﻴﺎﺩ َ۔ﻭَﺳﻴﺎﺩ ،/ُﺮﻭﻩﺧ)ﻟﻔﻆ
ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺎﻗﯽ ﻻﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺧﺮﻭﻩ(ﺍﻳﻨﻬﺎ ﺟﺰ ﻭ ،َﺨﱳﺟ َﺴﱳ۔ﺟ ،.ﺣﺮﻑ ﺩﻭ ﹺﯽﺟﺎﻧﺸﻴﻨ ﺍﺳﺖ ﳘﭽﻨﻴﻦ
»ﺥ«ﻭ«»ﻫﺑﺴﻴ ﺩﺭﹰﻼﻣﺜ ،ﻧﺎﻣﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺎﺭﯼ:َﺭﻮﻫ َﺭ۔ﻮﺧ)ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪ(َﺮﺱ۔ﺧ ،ﹸﻬﺖﻟ ﹸﺨﺖ۔ﻟ ،ﹶﻬﺖﻟ ﹶﺨﺖ۔ﻟ ،
َﺮﺱﻫ)ﭼﺸﻢ ﺍﺷﮏ(ﻫﻴﺪ ﺧﻴﺪ۔ ،)ﺑﺪﻥ ﹺﻕﻋﺮ(ﺳﺮﺧﺎﺏ۔ ،ُﻬﺮﺳ ُﺮﺥ۔ﺳ ،ُﻮﺍﺏﻫ ُﻮﺍﺏ۔ﺧ ،ِﺸﻢﻫ ِﺸﻢ۔ﺧ ،
ﺍﻳﻨﻬﺎ ﺟﺰ ﻭ ،ُﻬﺮﺍﺏﺳ.
- 9. ﭘﻴﺪﺍﻳﺶﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ۲۵
ﺍﺧﺘ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻭ ،ﺑﻮﺩ ﮐﻮﭼﮑﺘﺮﻭ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻨﺪ ﻼﻑﺑەﺑﺮﺧﺎﺳﺘﻨﺪ ﻳﮑﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﺟﻨﮓ.١
ﺑﺰﺭﮔﯽ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﻬﺗﺎﯼﮐەﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻳﯽ ﲨﺎﻋﺎﺕﺑەﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎ ﺷﺮﻕ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺎﺗﻮﻟﯽ ﻭ ﻫﻨﺪ ﺳﻮﯼ
ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎﻥ َﺭﺍﻫﻮ ﻭﻟﯽ ،ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ َﻮﺩﻳ ِﻥﭘﺮﺳﺘﻨﺪﮔﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪﮐەﻳﮏﺟﺎﻧﺸﺩﺭ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﻴﻦ
ﺑﻮﻣﯽ ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﯼﺷﺎﻥ۔ﻓﻼ ﳐﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺕ۔ﺷﺪﻧﺪ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﺎﺭﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴ ﻭﺑەﻧﺎﻡ ﻨﺸﺎﻥ
ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺩﺷﺎﻥﺷﺪ ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪﻩ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ.
ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﻬﺗﺎﯼ
ﭘﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮِﺕﻣﺴﺒﺒﺎ ﺋﯽﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎﻳﯽ ﻭ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﯽﺯﻳﺴﺖﳏﻴﻄﯽﳘﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﭽﻮﻥ
ﻫﺰﺍﺭﮤ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﯽ ﺩﺭ ،ﮔﻴﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺷﺪﻥ ﮐﻢ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺭﻳﺰﺵ ﺩﺭﺟﮥ ﺷﺪﻥ ﮐﺎﺳﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺕ ﺩﺭﺟﮥ
ﭖ ﺩﻭﻡﹺﯽﺯﻳﺴﺘ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻡﻓﻼ ﹺﯽﺷﺮﻗ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﮥ ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻥﺩﺷﻮﺍﺭﻳﻬﺎﺋﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺕﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭﺷﺪ.ﺷﺪﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩﻩ ﺑﺎ
ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﺋﯽ ﺩﺭ ﲨﻌﻴﺖﮐەﺑەﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﮤﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﯽ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﮐﺎﻓﯽﺍﻧﺴﺎﻬﻧﺎﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ ﺩﺍﻣﻬﺎ ﻭ
ﹺﯽﺁﺭﻳﺎﻳ ﲨﺎﻋﺎﺕﺑﺮ ﻓﻼﺕ ﺷﺮﻕﻭ ﮐﺮﺩ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺩﺭﮔﻴﺮﻳﻬﺎﺋﯽ ﺑﺎﺭﻭﺭﺗﺮ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﯼ ﺣﺼﻮﻝ ﻳﺎ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺳﺮ
ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﻣﺘﻬﺎﯼﺟﻨﮕﻬﺎﺋﯽ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﺑەﺭﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩ ﺍﻩ.ﺁﳒﺎ ﺍﺯﮐەﻫﺮﺩﺳﺘﻪ ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻳﯽ ﲨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺘﻪﺋﯽ
ﺍﺯﺍﻳﺰﺩﺍﻥﻣﯽ ﺭﺍﭘﺮﺳﺘﻴﺪﻧﺪﮐەﺑﺎ ﻣﺮﺍﺗﺐ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﺯِﻥﺍﻳﺰﺩﺍﺩﺳﺘﻪﺗﻔﺎﻭﻬﺗﺎﺋﯽ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺟﺎﺕ
ﺁﳒﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻭ ،ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪﮐەﻳﺎﺭﯼ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺟﻨﮕﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺮﻭﺯﯼ ﮐﻬﻦ ﺩﻧﻴﺎﯼ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﺰﺩﺍﻥ،ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﺗﺼﻮﺭ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ
ﺩﺳﺘﻪ ﺟﻨﮕﻬﺎﯼﺁﺭﻳﺎﻳﯽ ﲨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺟﺎﺕﺑەﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﮕﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺳﺘﻴﺰ ﺷﮑﻞﺑەِﻥﺍﻳﺰﺩﺍﻭ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻥ
ِﺖﺧﺼﻮﻣ ﻧﻮﻋﯽ ﺩﺭﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪﺍﻳﺰﺩﺍﻥﺷﺪ ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻥ ﭘﻨﺪﺍﺭ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺑە ﮐەﺩﺳﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮﮐﺪﺍﻡ ﺁﻥ ﹺﻊَﺒَﺗﹺﻞﻗﺒﺎﻳ ِﺕﺟﺎ
ْﻢﻣﺘﺨﺎﺻِﻥﺍﻳﺰﺩﺍﻭ ،ﺑﺮﺣﻖ ﺧﺪﺍﻳﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺧﻮﻳﺶ ﺣﺎﻣﯽِﻥﺍﻳﺰﺩﺍﺩﺳﺘﻪ ﺣﺎﻣﯽﺭﺍ ﺭﻗﻴﺐ ﻗﺒﺎﻳﻞ ﺟﺎﺕ
ﻧﻔﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺁﻬﻧﺎ ﺧﻮﻳﺶ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﯼ ﻣﺮﺍﺳﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻭ ﭘﻨﺪﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ ﺩﴰﻦ ﺧﺪﺍﻳﺎﻥﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ.ﺑەﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ
َﺭﹶﻫﻮﺍ ﻭ َﻮﺩﻳ ،ﺍﻣﺮﮐەﺩﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ ﳘﺴﺎﻥ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﭘﻴﺸﺘﺮﻫﺎﺑەﻣﺘﺨﺎﺻﻢ ﹺﺶﲞ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﺘﺨﺎﺻﻢ ﺧﺪﺍﯼ ﺩﻭ
ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻳﯽ ﲨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﲞﺶ ﻳﮏ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ؛ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞﮐەﺁﻥ ﺗﺎﺧﻮﻳﺶ ﺑﺮﺗﺮ ﺧﺪﺍﯼ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ َﻮﺩﻳ ِﺖﺻﻔ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ
ﺑەﻣﯽ ﮐﺎﺭﻣﯽ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻄﺮ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺩﺭ ﳘﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺩﻧﺪﻭ ﮐﺮﺩﻧﺪﺑەﺩﺭﮔﻣﯽ ﳕﺎﺯ ﺍﻭ ﺎﻩﺩﺭ ،ﺑﺮﺩﻧﺪ
ﻭ َﺩﺭﺁﻭ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺑﺮﺍﻳﺸﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻬﺑﺘﺮﯼ ﺯﻳﺴﺘﯽ ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺗﺎ ُﺴﺘﻨﺪﺟ ﻳﺎﺭﯼ َﻮَﻳﺩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻗﻮﻣﯽ ﺟﻨﮕﻬﺎﯼ
ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺁﻬﻧﺎ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﯼ ﻭ ﮐﻨﺪ ﺍﺧﺮﺍﺝ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻳﺎ ﻧﺎﺑﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺁﻬﻧﺎ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻬﻧﺎﯼ
ﺩﻫﺪ.ﻫﺪﻑ ﳘﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﲨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﲞﺸﯽﺑەﻣﺘ َﺭﹶﻫﻮﺍﻃﻠﺒﻴﺪﻧﺪ ﻳﺎﺭﯼ ﺍﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻮﺳﻞﮐە
ﹺﺮﺑﺮﺍﺑ ﺩﺭﭘﻴﺮﻭﺯ ﺩﴰﻨﺎﻥ ﹺﺯﲡﺎﻭﺷﺎﻥﮐﻨﺪ ﻧﺎﺑﻮﺩ ﻳﺎ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺁﻬﻧﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍ ﺩﴰﻨﺎﻥ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﺍﻧﺪ.
ﺩﺭﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪﺳﺘﻴﺰﻩﺩﺭﮔﻴﺮﻳﻬﺎ ﻭ ﻫﺎﺁﺭﻳﺎﻳﯽ ﲨﺎﻋﺎﺕﺑەﮔﻮﻧﻪﺋﯽﺩﺭﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﻭ ﺳﺘﻴﺰﻩﻣﻴﺎﻥ
1.َەﺗﻣﻬﺎﻬﺑﺎﺭﺍ۱۲/ﺑﻨﺪ۱۱۸۲.
- 10. ﺑﺎﺯﺧﻮﺍﻧﯽﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ-ﲞﺶﳔﺴﺖ ۲۶
ﺑﻮﺩ ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻳﯽ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ ﺧﺪﺍﯼ ﺩﻭ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥﮐەﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺣﺎﻣﯽ ﺁﻥ ﻭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻳﮏ ﹺﯽﺣﺎﻣ ﺍﻳﻦﭘﻨﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ
ﻣﯽﺷﺪ.ﺁﻬﻧﺎﮐەﻣﯽ ﻳﺎﺭﯼ َﻮﺩﻳ ﺍﺯﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﻧﱪﺩ ﺩﺭ ﮐﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮﺍﺳﺘﻨﺪﮐەﻳﺎﺭﯼ َﺭﹶﻫﻮﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻬﻧﺎ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺩﺭ
ﻣﯽﻃﻠﺒﻴﺪﻧﺪ.َﻮﺩﻳ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ۔ﻧﺎﺧﻮﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺍﻩﺑە ۔َﺭﹶﻫﻮﺍﺑەﻧﮕﺮﻳﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺷﺮﺍﺭﺕ ﻭ ﺑﺪﯼ ﻣﻨﺸﺄ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ
ﮐﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﻃﻠﺐ َﻮﺩﻳ ﺍﺯ ﻭﮐەﻧﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺩﻫﺪ ﺷﮑﺴﺖ ﺭﺍ َﺭﹶﻫﻮﺍﺑەﻳﺎ ﺁﻬﻧﺎ ﺩﴰﻨﺎﻥﻭ ﺑﺮﺳﺎﻧﺪ؛ ﺭﯼﭼﻮﻥﮐە
َﺭﹶﻫﻮﺍ ﻣﺘﻮﺟﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺧﻮﻳﺶ ﺧﺸﻢ َﻮﺩﻳ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ،ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻣﻨﺪ ﳘﭽﻨﺎﻥ َﺭﹶﻫﻮﺍ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ
ﺍﺯ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ؛ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻧﻔﺮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﻟﻌﻦ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻭ ﻭ ﮐﺮﺩﻧﺪﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻦﺁﻬﻧﺎ ﻧﺰﺩ َﺭﹶﻫﻮﺍﺑەِﺪﺿﺗ ﺧﺪﺍﺷﺪ ﺒﺪﻳﻞ.
ﺳﺮﻭﺩﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﺯ ﲞﺸﻬﺎﺋﯽ ﺩﺭﺭﻳﮓﹺﺩﺍﻭﮐەﺳﺮﻭﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎﻥ ِﻥﻫﻨﺪﻳﺎﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﺪﮤ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺪ
ﺳﺘﻴﺰﻩﺩﺭﮔﻴﺮﻳﻬﺎﯼ ﻭ ﻫﺎَﺭﹶﻫﻮﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻓﻼﺕ ﺷﺮﻕ ﹺﯽﺁﺭﻳﺎﻳ ﲨﺎﻋﺎﺕ)َﺭﹶﺳﻮﺍ ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺑﺎ(ﺑەﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ
ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺩﻩ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺩﴰﻦﮐەَﺭﺍﻳﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺖ؛ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻧﺎﺑﻮﺩ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺭ)ِﺩﺍﻳﺰﻭ ﺗﻨﺪﺭﺁﺫﺭﺧﺶ(ﮐەﺧﺸﻢ ِﺩﺍﻳﺰ
ﻭ ﺳﻮﺯﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻭ ﻗﻬﺮ ﻭﻭﻳﺮﺍﻥﮔﺮﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﯼﺍﺳﺖﮐەﹶﺍ ﻟﺸﮑﺮَﻨﺷﮑ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍ َﺭﻫﻮَﺭﺍﻫﻮ ﻭ ﺪ
ﺭﺍ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎﻥﻧﺎﺑﻮﺩﮐﻨﺪ.١
ﺍﻳﻦْﯽﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧ ﺁﺋﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﮐەَﺩَﻮﻳﻭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻧﺎﺑﻮﺩ ﹺﺭﺩﺭﺧﻮ ﻭ ﺑﺪﯼ ﻭ ﺷﺮ ﺧﺎﻟﻖ ﻭ ﺑﺸﺮﻳﺖ ﺩﴰﻦ
ﻃﺮﻑﺍﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﯼﺑەﳑﻨﻮﻉ ﺑﺸﺮﻳﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﮐﻠﯽﺷﺪﻩﺧﺎﻃﺮﻩ ﺍﺳﺖﺍﺳﺖ ﺋﯽﮐەﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺯﺩﺭﮔﻴﺮﻳﻬﺎﯼ
ﻣﺴﻴﺢ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻫﺰﺍﺭﮤ ﺍﺯ ﻭ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕ ﻣﺎﻗﺒﻞ ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻥﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﳘﺮﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﹾﻥﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎ ﺍﺫﻫﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ
ﺍﺳﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﭘﺮﺍﮐﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻓﻼﺕ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻨﺘﯽ ﺑﺎﻭﺭﻫﺎﯼ.
ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺩﺭﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕ ﺭﺍﻩ َﻮﺩﻳ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﲞﺸﯽ ،ﻣﺴﻴﺢ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻫﺰﺍﺭﮤ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺎﺋﯽﺑە
ﺧﻴﱪ ﺗﻨﮕﮥ ﻭ ﮐﻨﻮﻧﯽ ﺍﻓﻐﺎﻧﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺟﻨﻮﺏﺑەﻗﺎﺭﮤ ﺷﺒﻪ ﻏﺮﺏ ﻭ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ
ﺧﺰ ﻫﻨﺪﻳﺪﻧﺪ.ﹺﯽﺑﻮﻣ ِﻥﻣﺘﻤﺪ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﻧﺸﻴﻦ ﺍﻗﻮﺍﻡ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺷﮑﺴﱳ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺲ ﲨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﻭ ﭘﻨﺠﺎﺏ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖﹺﻝﴰﺎِﺳﺑﺮﻫﻢ ﻭ ﻨﺪﹺﯽﲤﺪﻧ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﮐﻮﻓﱳﻭﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺁﻬﻧﺎﺷﻬﺮﻫ ﮐﺮﺩﻥﮐە ﺎﺷﺎﻥﮐﺸﺘﺎﺭ ﺑﺎ
ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ ﺟﺎﮔﻴﺮ ﻫﻨﺪ ﻏﺮﺏ ﻭ ﴰﺎﻝ ﳐﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺩﺭ ،ﺑﻮﺩ ﳘﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺸﺮﯼ ﮔﺮﻭﻫﻬﺎﯼ
ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ ﲤﺪﻧﯽ ﻳﮏﮐەﻧﺎﻡ ﺑﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺎ»ﻫﻨﺪ ﲤﺪﻥ«ﻣﯽﺷﻨﺎﺳﻴﻢ.ﻭ ﮐﺸﺘﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺟﻨﮕﻬﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﺎﻃﺮﮤ
ﻣﯽ ﺭﺍ ﻭﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎﺭﻳﮓ ﮐﺘﺎﻬﺑﺎﯼ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ،ﺩﻳﺪ َەﺗَﻬﺎﺭﺍﺑَﻬﺎﻣ ﻭ ﹺﺩﺍﻭﮐەﺳﺨﻦ ﺟﺎﯼﺁﻥ ﺍﺯﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ ﺩﺭ
ﻧﻴﺴﺖ.ﺳﺮﻭﺩﻩ ﺩﺭﺁﻥﻧﺎﻡ ﻫﺎَەﻳﺁﺭﹺﯽﻗﻮﻣ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺄﮐﻴﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﮑﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬ ﺑەﺁﻥﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺎﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﮔﺬﺍﺷﱳ ﭘﺎ ﹺﺮﺯﻳ ﺑﺎ ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻳﯽ ﲨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﲞﺸﻬﺎﯼﺳﻮﺍﺣﻞ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺎﺗﻮﻟﯽ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﮥ ﮐﻨﻮﻧﯽ ِﻥﺍﻳﺮﺍ
ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ ﺷﺎﻡﺷﺪﻧﺪ ﺟﺎﮔﻴﺮّەﻴﺁﺭﻣﻨ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺘﺎﻧﯽ ﻭ ﺧﻴﺘﺎ ﲤﺪﻬﻧﺎﯼ ﻭ)ﺷﺮﻗﯽ ﻧﻴﻤﮥ ﺩﺭ
1.ﺭﻳﮓ ،ﹰﻼﻣﺜﹺﺩﺍﻭ۱/ﺳﻮﮐﺘﺎ۱۰۰ﺑﻨﺪﻫﺎﯼ ،۶۔۸ﺭﻳﮓ ؛ﺩﹺﻭﺍ۵/ﺳﻮﮐﺘﺎ۱ﺑﻨﺪ ،۱۳۱ﺭﻳﮓ ؛ﹺﺩﺍﻭ۶/ﺳﻮﮐﺘﺎ۴،
ﺑﻨﺪ۲۲ﺭﻳﮓ ؛ﺩﺍﹺﻭ۸/ﺳﻮﮐﺘﺎ۹ﺑﻨﺪ ،۸۵ﺭﻳﮓ ؛ﹺﺩﺍﻭ۱۰/ﺳﻮﮐﺘﺎ۴ﺑﻨﺪ ،۵۳.
- 11. ﭘﻴﺪﺍﻳﺶﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ۲۷
ﺍﻧﺎﺗﻮﻟﯽ(ّﻪﻴِﻘﻓﻴﻨﻴ ﻭ)ﮐﻨﻮﻧﯽ ِﻥﻟﺒﻨﺎ ﺩﺭ(ِﺴﺘﺎﻥﻠَﭘ ﻭ)ﺩﺭﻣﺪﻳﺘﺮﺍﻧﻪ ﮐﺮﺍﻧﮥﹺﯽﻳﻓﻠﺴﻄﻴﻦ(ﺑەﻭﺁﻭﺭﺩﻧﺪ ﺟﻮﺩ.
ﻧﻴﺰ ﲨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺯ ﲞﺶ ﻳﮏﺑەﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﺭﺍ ﻳﻮﻧﺎﻥ ﲤﺪﻥ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﮑﺎﻥ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﮤ ﺷﺒﻪ
ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ.ﲨﺎﻋﺎﺗﯽﺑە ﮐە،ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ َﻮَﻳﺩ ِﻥﭘﺮﺳﺘﻨﺪﮔﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺭﻓﺘﻨﺪ ﻳﻮﻧﺎﻥﮐەﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ»ﺩﻳﻮﺱ«ﮐﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﺗﻠﻔﻆ.
ﺷﺪ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﺎﺭ ﺁﻬﻧﺎ ﻧﺰﺩ ﳘﻴﺸﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺩﻳﻮﺱ ﻧﺎﻡ.
ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦﺩﺍﺭ ﻋﻼﻗﻪ ﻏﺮﺑﯽ ﻧﮕﺎﺭﺍﻥﻧﺪﮐەﺁﺭﻳﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﺑە ﮐەﻭ ﺍﻧﺎﺗﻮﻟﯽﮐﺮﺍﻧﮥﺷﺮﻗﯽ
ﻭ ﻣﺪﻳﺘﺮﺍﻧﻪﻧﻴﺰﻣﺎﺯﻧﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﯼ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻧﺪ ﻳﻮﻧﺎﻥ ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﯼ)ِﻥﺯﺩ ﺩﻭﺭﺩﺭﻳﺎﯼ
ﻣﺎﺯﻧﺪﺭﺍﻥ(ﻗﻔﻘﺎﺯ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﮥ ﺍﺯ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﻭﺑەﺧﺮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻟﯽ ،ﺑﺪﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﻏﺮﺏ ﺳﭙﺲ ﻭ ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﺳﻮﯼ
ﳕﯽﺗﺼﻮﺭ ﻭ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺩ؛ﺍﻳﻦﮐەﺩﺭﻧﻮﺭﺩﻳ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻬﻧﺎﺁﳒﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺎﺗﻮﻟﯽ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﮐﻨﻮﻧﯽ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺪﻥ
ﺑەﺧﺮﺩﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﭘﺮﺍﮐﻨﺪﻧﺪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﯼ ﺳﻮﯼﺑەﻣﯽ ﻧﻈﺮﺭﺳﺪ.ﺑﺰﺭﮔﯽ ﲨﺎﻋﺎﺕﺑە ﮐەﻭ ﻫﺰﺍﺭﺍﻥ
ﺍﺻﻠﯽ ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻫﻬﺎﻫﺰﺍﺭﹶﮐﺟﺎ ﺷﺎﻥﻣﯽ ﻨﺪﺗﺎ ﺷﻮﻧﺪﺑەﺯﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ ﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﻧﻘﻞ ﭘﺮﺑﺎﺭﺗﺮﯼ ﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﯼ
ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﮐەﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻴﺎﺑﺎﻬﻧﺎﺋﯽ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﮐەﺷﺮﻕ ﺩﺭ،ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻣﺎﺭﻧﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﯼﺑەﺍﻣﻴﺪﺁﻥﮐە
ﺑﻴﺎﺑﺎﻬﻧﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺸﺖ ﺷﺎﻳﺪﮐەﺁﻥ ﺩﺭﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺯﻣﺎﻥﻧﺎﭘﺬﻳﺮﺑەﻣﯽ ﻧﻈﺮﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩﺍﺳﺖﺍﺯ ﻬﺑﺘﺮ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﺋﯽ ﺷﺎﻳﺪ
ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺧﻮﺩﺷﺎﻥ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﯼ.ﺍﻳﻼﻥ ﻓﻼﺕ ﻣﺮﮐﺰﯼ ﻧﻮﺍﺣﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻪ ﺁﻬﻧﺎ ﺍﮔﺮﺑﻞﮐەﻧﻮﺍﺣﯽ ﺍﺯ
ﻣ ﺍﺯ ﻋﺒﻮﺭﺷﺎﻥ ،ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﮐﻮﭼﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺷﺮﻗﯽﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺁﺫﺭﺑﺎﻳﺠﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻗﺰﻭﻳﻦ ﻭ ﺭﯼ ﻭ ﮔﺮﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺮﻭ ﺴﻴﺮ
ﺍﺳﺖ.ﻭﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺁﺛﺎﺭﮔﺎﻩ ﻭ ﺷﺪﻩﺑەﺷﺪﻩ ﮐﺸﻴﺪﻩ ﺁﺗﺶﮐەﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎﻥﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ
ﺍﺳﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﮐﺸﻴﺪﻩ ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺯ)ﺗﭙﻪﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎﻧﯽ ﭼﻨﺪﻻﻳﮥ ﻫﺎﯼ(ﻣﯽﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻳﺎﺩﺁﻭﺭ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ
ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.ﺩﻳﻮ ﻟﺸﮑﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻥ ﺟﻨﮕﻬﺎﯼ)ﭘﺮﺳﺘﻨﺪَﻮﺩﻳ ﮔﺎﻥ(ﮐەﻳﺎﺩﺁﻭﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺎﻃﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ
ﺍﺳﺖ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﳘﻴﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﯼ.
ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻥﺯﻣﻴﻦ
ِﻥﺁﺭﻳﺎﻳﮏﺟﺎﻧﺸﻴﻦﮐەَەﻳﺑﺎﺧﺘﺮ ﻭ َەﻴِﻣَﺯﺭُﻮﺍﻫ ﻭ َەﻧُﻐﺪﻳﺎﺳ ﻧﻮﺍﺣﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺑﺮﺗﺮﺷﺎﻥ ﺧﺪﺍﯼ َﺭﹶﻫﻮﺍ
َەﭙﹶﺳﺍ ﻭ ﹶەﻏَﺭ ﻭ َەﻴﹺﻧَﮐﺎﺮﻫﻴ ﻭ َەﻧِﻴﺎﮕَﻧﺭِﺩ ﻭ َﻮَﻳﺮَﻫ ﻭ َەﻧِﻴﺎﻏَﺮﻣ ﻭﻧ ﻭ َەﻧﺩﺍﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻘﺎﻁ)ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﯼ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ
ﮐﻨﻮﻧﯽ ِﻥﺍﻳﺮﺍ ﻭ ﺍﻓﻐﺎﻧﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺮﮐﻤﻨﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺎﺟﻴﮑﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺍﺯﺑﮑﺴﺘﺎﻥ(ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﺟﺎﮔﻴﺮ.ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻳﻨﻬﺎ
ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﺁﺭﻳﺎ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ ﻗﻮﻡ ﺍﺯ ﲞﺶﮐەﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﯼ ﺑﺮ ﻭ ﮐﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﺣﻔﻆ ﳘﻴﺸﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺭﺍ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻗﻮﻣﯽ ﻧﺎﻡ
ﺳ ﳏﻞﻬﻧﺎﺩﻧﺪ ﮑﻮﻧﺘﺸﺎﻥ.ﺁﻬﻧﺎ ﻧﮋﺍﺩﯼ ﻧﺎﻡﹶﻳﺮﺍَەﻳ)ﺩﺭﺳﺖﮐﻧﻴﮏ ﻭ ﺮﺩﺍﺭﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ(ﻭ َەﻳﹶﺭﺍ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﮐە ﺑﻮﺩ
ﻣﯽ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﲨﻊ ﻭﻗﺘﯽ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺪ؛ ﺁﺭﻳﺎﺷﺪ»ﹶﻳﺮﻳﺎﻥﺍ«،ﺑﻮﺩﮐەﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ»ﹶﻳﺮﺍﺍﻥ«ﺷﺪ.
ﹶﻳﺮﺍﺍﻥﮐەﺗﻠﻔﻆﮐﻨﻮﻧﻴﺶﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥﺍﺳﺖ ﻗﻮﻡ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ؛َەﻳﹶﻳﺮﺍ ﻳﻌﻨﯽﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﺸﺎﻥ ﻭ ،ﻫﺎ
ﻳﺮﺍﻥﹶﺍﺯﻣﻴﻦﺍﺳﺖ؛ﹺﻦﺯﻣﻴ ﻳﻌﻨﯽﹶﻳﺮﺍَﻳەﻫﺎ.ﮐﻨﻮﻧﯽ ﹺﯽﭘﺎﺭﺳ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻭﻟﯽ۔ﻓﺘﻮﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺲ ﮐﻪﺍﺳﻼﻣﯽ
- 12. ﺑﺎﺯﺧﻮﺍﻧﯽﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ-ﲞﺶﳔﺴﺖ ۲۸
ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﺩﮔﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺎ ﻧﺎﻣﻬﺎﯼ ﻭ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﻬﺗﺎ ﻭ ﺍﺻﻼﺣﻼﺕ ﻭ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﻭ ﻭﺍﮊﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﯼ ﻭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﮑﻞ
ﺍﺳﺖ۔ﺭﺍ ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻦ»ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ«ﺭﺍ ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﹺﻡﻣﺮﺩ ﻭ»ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﯽ«ﻭ»ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻥ«ﮔﻮﺋﻴﻢ.
ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﯽ ﺩﻳﻦ ﺩﺭﮐەﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﺷﮑﻞ ﻣﺴﻴﺢ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻫﺰﺍﺭﮤ ﺍﻭﺍﺧﺮ ﺗﺎ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﮔﺬﺷﺖ ﺑﺎ
ﺩﻳﻨ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﮥ ﺩﺭﻣﻮﺳﻮﻡ ﹺﯽﺑەﹺﺳﺘﺎﻭﹶﺍﳘﮥ ،ﺷﺪ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦﺧﺪﺍﻳﺎﻥﭘﺎ ﺧﺪﺍﻳﯽ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﮥ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻳﯽﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺋﻴﻦ
ﺑەﻳﮏ ﻫﺮﮐﺪﺍﻡ ﻭ ﺷﺪﻧﺪِﺍَﺰﺩﻳ،ﺷﺪ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﺪ١
ﮐەﺑﻮﺩ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﹺﺭﺁﻓﺮﻳﺪﮔﺎ ﹺﺭﮐﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍ.ﻧﻴﺰ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﹺﺭﺁﻓﺮﻳﺪﮔﺎ
ِﺖﺻﻔ»َﺰﺩﺍﻣَﺭﺍﻫﻮ«ﮔﺮﻓﺖﮐەﻭﺻﻒ ﻭ ﻧﺎﺩﻳﺪﻧﯽ ﺫﺍﺗﯽﺑﻮﺩ ﻧﺎﺷﺪﻧﯽ.٢
ﻧﻴﺰ َﺮﻣﻴﺘ ﻟﺬﺍﮐەﺭﻭﺯﮔﺎﺭﯼ
ﺑﺮﺗﺮ ﺧﺪﺍﯼﺑﻮﺩﺑەﺍﺯ ﻳﮑﯽِﺍﺷﺪ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ َﺰﺩﺍﻣَﺭﺍﻫﻮ ﺁﻓﺮﻳﺪﮤ ﻭ َﺰﺩﺍﻣَﺭﺍﻫﻮ َﺰﺩﻫﺎﯼﻳ.ﳔﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ
ﺍﻳﻦ َﺰﺩﺍﻣَﺭﺍﻫﻮ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ َﺸﺖﻳِﻬﺮﻣ ﹺﯽﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎﻧ ﺳﺮﻭﺩ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕﻣﯽ ﻳﺎﺩ َﺮﻣﻴﺘ ﺍﺯ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﺷﻮﺩ:
ﺁﻧﮕﺎﻩﮐەَﺮﻣﻴﺘ ﺁﻓﺮﻳﺪﻡ؛ ﺭﺍ َﺮﻣﻴﺘ ﻣﻦﮐەﺑﺮﹶەﺯﺍﺭﻏَﺮﻣﻭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺣﺎﮐﻢ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺩﻩ ﭼﺮﺍﮔﺎﻫﻬﺎﯼ ﻭ ﻫﺎ
ﻧﻴﺎﻳﺶ ﻭ ﺳﺘﻮﺩﻧﯽﺷﺪﻧﯽﳘﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺖﮔﻮﻧﻪﮐەﺷﺪﻧﯽ ﻧﻴﺎﻳﺶ ﻭ ﺳﺘﻮﺩﻧﯽ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻦﺍﻡ.
ﻫﺮ ،ﻧﻴﺰ ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻳﯽ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﺧﺪﺍﻳﺎﻥﻣﺮﺗﺒﻪ ﺩﺭ ﮐﺪﺍﻡﺑەﳘﻴﻦ ،ﺋﯽﮔﻮﻧﻪِﺍ،ﺷﺪﻧﺪ َﺰﺩﺍﻣَﺭﺍﻫﻮ َﺰﺩﻫﺎﯼﻳ
ﺁﻓﺮﻳﺪﮔﺎﺭ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ َﺰﺩﺍﻣَﺭﺍﻫﻮﻭﻟﯽ ،ﺷﺪ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﹺﺭﮐﺮﺩﮔﺎ ﻭِﺍﻭ ﻓﺼﻠﯽ ﻧﻴﺎﻳﺸﻬﺎﯼ ﺩﺭ ﳘﻮﺍﺭﻩ َﺰﺩﺍﻥﻳ
ﻣﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺳﺘﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﻮﲰﯽﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ.ﺳﺳﺘﺎﻳﺶ ﺯﻳﺒﺎﯼ ﺮﻭﺩﻫﺎﯼِﺍَﺰﺩﺍﻥﻳﮐەﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻥ
ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺖ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺗﺎ ،ﻣﺎﻧﺪ ﺑﺮﺟﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻭ ﺷﺪ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻭﺳﺘﺎ ﮐﺘﺎﺏ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺳﺮﻭﺩﻧﺪﺳﺘﺎﯼ
ﺑﻨﮕﺮﻳﻢ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻥﮐەﺗﺎ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ َﺰﺩﺍﻣَﺭﺍﻫﻮ ِﮏﻧﻴ ِﻥﺁﻓﺮﻳﺪﮔﺎﭼەﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻥ ﻧﺰﺩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ
ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻨﺰﻟﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺝﺍﻧﺪ.
1.»ِﺍَﺰﺩﻳ«ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯﯼ ﹺﺮﺑەﺗﻌﺒﻴ ﺑﺸﻮﺩ ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﺭﺍ»ﻣﻼﺋﮑﻪ«ﮐﺮﺩ ﺗﺮﲨﻪ.ﲨﻌﯽ ِﺖﺻﻔِﺍﮐە َﺰﺩﻫﺎﻳ»ِﺍَﺰﺩﺍﻥﻳ«ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
ﻣﺎﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻗﯽ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﯽ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺗﺎ ﻭ ﳘﻴﺸﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼﭼﻨﺎﻥ ﻭ ،ﻣﯽ ﮐەﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻥ ِﻥﺷﺪ ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺍﻧﻴﻢ
ﺑەﺷﮑﻞ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻠﻔﻈﺶ ﻭ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﺑەﺧﻮﺩ ﻧﻮﻳﻨﯽ»َﺰﺩﺍﻥﻳ«ﺷﺪ ﺍﻃﻼﻕ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺧﺪﺍﯼ ﺑﺮ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ.
2.ﻭﺍﮊﮤ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﯽ ﻭ ﻏﺮﺑﯽ ﺍﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ»َﺩَﺰﻣ«ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎﺋﯽﺑەﺁﻥ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻭﻟﯽ ،ﺍﻧﺪﺻﻔﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐە
ﺭﻳﮓ ﺩﺭ َﻩﺭﹶﻫﻮﺍ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺑەﳘﺮﺍﻩﭼﻨﺪ ﹺﺩﺍﻭﺑەﺷﮑﻞ ﺟﺎ ﻳﻦ»َﺖﻬَﻣ َﺭﹶﺳﻮﺍ«ﺑەﺁﻥ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻭ ،ﺍﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩﮐە
»َەﺗَﺰﻣ«ﺑەﻣﻌﻨﺎﯼ ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻥ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ»ﺑﺰﺭﮒ«ﺑﻮﺩﻩ)ﺭﺍ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ ﺑﻠﻮﭼﯽ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻢ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ»َﻥﺰَﻣ«ﺭﺍ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮ ﻭ
»َﺮﺗَﺰﻣ«ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ(ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺑەﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ ،ِﺖﺻﻔ ﮐە ﺍﻡ»َﺴﺖﻬَﻣ«ﺑەﻣﻌﻨﺎﯼ»ﻣﻄﻠﻖ ﹺﺮﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘ«ﺩﺭ ﮐﻨﻮﻥ ﺗﺎ ﮐە
ﻣﺎﻧﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺯﺑﺎﻥﲢﻮﻝ ﺷﮑﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻩﻳﺎﻓﺘﮥ»َﺩَﺰﻣ«ﻭ»َەﺗَﺰﻣ«ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ.ﹺﺐﻟﻘ»َﻬﺴﺖﻣﻣﻐﺎﻥ«ﻳﺎ»َﺰﺩﻣﻣﻐﺎﻥ«
ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﻓﺘﻮﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺲ ﺗﺎ)ﺩﻣﺎﻭﻧﺪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﮥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎ(ﺑەﮐﺎﺭ ﺩﻳﻨﯽ ِﮒﺑﺰﺭ ﹺﱪﺭﻫ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ
ﻣﯽﺑەﻋﺮﺑﯽ ﮐە ﺭﻓﺘﻪ»ُﻐﺎﻥﻤَﺼﻣ«ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ.َﺰﺩﺍﻣَﺭﺍﻫﻮ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﯼ ،ﺑﭙﺬﻳﺮﻳﻢ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﮔﺮﻣﯽﺷﻮﺩ»َﺭﹶﻫﻮﺍ
ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ ِﮒﺑﺰﺭ ﮐە«.»َﺭﹶﻫﻮﺍ«ﭼﻮﻥ ﻧﻴﺰﻭﺍﮊﻩ ﮐەﺑﻞ ﺻﻔﺖ ﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻬﻦ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺋﯽﳎﺮﺩ ﺍﺳﻢ ﮐە
ﮔﺮﭼە ،ﺍﺳﺖﺩﺭﻣﻌﻨ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﺁﺭﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺩﻭﺭﯼ ﺯﻣﺎﻬﻧﺎﯼﺎﳕﯽ ﺍﮐﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻮﺩﻩﺑﺮﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ
ﺑە ۔ﺩﺭﺳﺖ ﮐﺮﺩ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﺋﯽِﺪﻣﺎﻧﻨﻧﺰﺩ ﺑەﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺳﻼﻡ ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﮐە ﺍﷲﺑەﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﻨﺪﮔﺎﻧﺶ
ﺍﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﳎﺮﺩ ﺍﺳﻢ.
- 13. ﭘﻴﺪﺍﻳﺶﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ۲۹
ﻋﻘﻴﺪﻩﺑەﺭﹺﯽﺩﻳﻨ ﺑﺎﻭﺭﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﺻﻠﯽ ﲞﺶ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺮﮒ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺲ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﻭﺡ
ﺷﺪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻥ.ﺁﻬﻧﺎ ﻋﻘﻴﺪﮤ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮ،ﺭﻭﹺﺡﺧﺎﮐﻴ ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻭ ﻣﺮﮒ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺲ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥﺶﺷﺪﻩ ﺭﻫﺎﺑەﹺﻢﹶﻟﻋﺎ
ﺍﺧﺘﺮﺍﻥﻣﯽﻭ ﺭﻓﺖﺑەﻣﯽ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﯽﺩﺍﺩ.ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﺡ ﺍﻳﻦَﻩﺮﹶﻓَﺮﻫَﻭﻣﯽﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪﻧﺪ.ﻓﺮﻩَﺮﻫﺎﻫَﻭ۔ﺑﻌﻘﻴﺪﮤ
ﺁﻬﻧﺎ۔ﻫﺮﺳﺎﻟﺩﺭ ﻬﺑﺎﺭ ﳘﺮﺍﻩ ﻪﹺﺯﺁﻏﺎﻣﺎﻫﯽﺑە ﮐەﻧﺎﻡ ﺁﻬﻧﺎ ﻧﺎﻡﺷﺪ ﮔﺬﺍﺭﯼ)ﻓﺮﻭﺭﺩﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺍﮐﻨﻮﻥ(ﺑەﺯﻣﻴﻦ
ﻣﯽﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺁﲰﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺮﮐﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺁﻣﺪﻧﺪﺑەﺯﻣﯽ ﻣﻴﻦﻓﺮﻭﺭﺩﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺳﻴﺰﺩﳘﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻧﺪ؛
ﺑەﺑﺮﻣﯽ ﺁﲰﺎﻬﻧﺎﮔﺸﺘﻨﺪ.ﺍﺳﻔﻨﺪﻣﺎﻩ ﺭﻭﺯﻫﺎﯼ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﺯ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺩﺭ)ﻣﻘﺪﺱ ِﻩﻣﺎ(ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎﻝ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ
ﻓﺮﻩﻭﻫﻣﺮﺍ ﺮﻫﺎﻣﯽ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﺎﺷﮑﻮﻫﯽ ﺳﻢﺷﺪﮐەﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺍﻓﺮﻭﺧﱳ ﺑﺎﻓﺮﺍﺯ ﺑﺮ ﺷﺐ
ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎﺑەﺭﻭﺷ ﻗﺼﺪﺑﻮﺩ ﳘﺮﺍﻩ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺩﺍﺷﻦ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﻦ.١
ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻓﺮﻭﺭﺩﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺰﺩﻩ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺳﭙﺲ
ﻓﺮﻩ ﺑﺪﺭﻗﮥَﺭﻫﺎﻭﺑەﻣﯽ ﺩﺷﺘﻬﺎﻣﯽ ﺑﺮﭘﺎ ﺟﺸﻦ ﻭ ﺭﻓﺘﻨﺪﮐﺮﺩﻧﺪ.
ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻥﻩﻫﺎﯼﻭﺍﺣﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺩﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﻨﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻫﺎﲡﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻓﻼﺕ ﻭﻥ
ﺑﯽ ﹺﯽﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻣﯽ ﴰﺎﺭﯼﻭ ﺯﻳﺴﺘﻨﺪﺑەﺩﺍﻡﺩﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﮐﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﯼ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻭﺭﯼ.ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮﮐﺪﺍﻡ
ﺑﻮﻣﯽ ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﯽ ﲡﻤﻌﺎﺕﺷﺎﻥﺭﺍﺑﻮﻡَﮕﺖﺟﻳﺎُﻦﺑَﮕﺖﺟ)ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩﭘﺎﻳﻪﻳﯽ(ﺍﲢﺎﺩﻳﮥ ﻭ ،
ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﯽﺭﺍَﻭِﻫﻴﺎﺩ)ﻳﻌﻨﯽﺩﻫﺴﺘﺎﻥ(ﻣﯽﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪﻧﺪ.٢
ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩﯼ َﻭِﻫﻴﺎﺩ ﻫﺮ ﺩﺭﻭﻳﺲ)ﺩﻫﮑﺪﻩ(ﻭﺟﻮﺩ
ﺩﺍﺷﺖﮐەﺳﺎﮐﻨﺎﻧﺶﺗﻴﺮﻩﻳﮏ ﺍﺯ ﳐﺘﻠﻒ ﻫﺎﯼَەﻳُﻬﻤﺎﺗ)ﲣﻤﻪﺗﺒﺎﺭ ،(ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ.ﴰﺎﺭﯼ ﺍﺯ ﻭﻳﺲ ﻫﺮ
ﻣﺎﻧﻮ)ﺧﺎﻧﺪﺍﻥ(ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﮤ ﻳﮏ ﺣﮑﻢ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞﮐەﻳﮏ ﺍﺯ ﲨﻌﻴﺘﺶ
ﺳﺮﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﭘﺪﺭ ﻳﮏ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺩﻣﺎﻥﺷﺎﻥﺑەﻣﯽ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥﺭﺳﻴﺪ.ﺭﺋﻴﺲ
ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﮐەﺑ ﺧﺎﻧﺪﺍﻥ ﭘﺪﺭ ﺣﮑﻢ ﺩﺭﻮﺩَﺌﻴﺘﮯﭘ ﻭﻳﺲ)ﲨ ﭘﺪﺭﺎﻋﺖ(ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﯼ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮﮐﺪﺍﻡ ﻭ ،
ﭘﻮﻫﺮ ﻭﻳﺲ)ﲨﺎﻋﺖ ﹺﺭﭘﻮ(ﻣﯽ ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪﻩﺷﺪ.٣
ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﯽ ﺍﲢﺎﺩﻳﮥ ﺭﺋﻴﺲﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﯼ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺘﺸﮑﻞ
ﻫﻢﺭﺍ ﺗﺒﺎﺭَﺌﻴﺘﮯﭘ َﻭِﻫﻴﺎﺩﻣﯽﮔﻔﺘﻨﺪ)ﺩﻫﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﹺﺭﭘﺪ.(ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺎﻣﻬﺎ ﺍﻳﻦﮐەﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﯽ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ
ﺷﺪ ﻣﺘﺤﻮﻝﺑەﺑﻦ ﺍﺷﮑﺎﻝﻭﻳﺲ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺩﻫﺒﺪ ِﻩﺩ ﻭ ﲣﻤﻪ ﻭ ﮔﺎﻩﻭﺍﺱ ﻭ ﺑﺪﺷﺪﻧﺪ ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﭘﻮﺭﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺗﺎ ﻭ
ﺳﺎﺳﺎﻧﯽ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥﺑەﻣﺎﻧﺪﻧﺪ ﺍﺷﮑﺎﻝ ﳘﻴﻦ.
1.ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪﻩ ﺳﻮﺭﯼ ﭼﺎﺭﺷﻨﺒﻪ ﮐە ﺳﺎﻝ ﺭﻭﺯﻫﺎﯼ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﺯ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﯼ ﺑەﻃﻮﺭ ﻫﻢ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺩﻳﺮﻳﻨﻪ ﹺﻢﺭﺳ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﻣﯽﻣﯽ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ُﻬﺮﺍﻥﺳ ِﺪﹺﺒﭼﺎﺭﺷﻨ ﺩﺭﺳﺘﺶ ﻭ ﺷﻮﺩﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﻳﺮﻳﻨﻪ ِﻩﺷﮑﻮ ﺁﻥ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻭﻟﯽ ،ﺷﻮﺩ.
2.»َﻭِﻫﻴﺎﺩ«ﺳﻨﮓ ﺩﺭﻧﺒﺸﺘﻪﺩﺍﺭﻳﻮﺵ ﻫﺎﯼﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺑەﻣﻌﻨﺎﯼ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ)ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻳﮏ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﻨﻮﻧﯽ ﹺﻡﻣﻔﻬﻮ ﺩﺭ
ﺗﺎﺑﻌﻪ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﯼ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ(ﻣﻌﻨﺎﯼ ﻭ ،ﺍﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ»ﺍﻣﻴﺮﻧﺸﻴﻦ«ﻣﯽ ﺭﺍﺩﻫﺪ.ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﹺﯼﮐﺸﻮﺭ ِﺕﺗﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎ ﺩﺭ
ﺭﺍ َﻭﺩﻫﻴﺎ ﺳﺎﺳﺎﻧﯽ»َﺭﹸﻮﮐ«ﻣﯽﮔﻔﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ.
3.ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ ﹺﺖﭘ ﺑﻠﻮﭼﯽ ﮔﻮﻳﺶ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﮐﻨﻮﻥ ﺭﺍ ﭘﺪﺭ.ﺑە ﮔﻮﻳﺶ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﮑﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﻠﻮﭼﯽ ﮔﻮﻳﺶﮐﻬ ﺯﺑﺎﻥﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﯽ ﻦ
ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺧﻮﻳﺸﱳ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﯼ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺖ.ﮐﻨﻮﻧﯽ ﻧﻮﻳﺴﮥ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﭘﻮﻫﺮﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﺎﻥ
ﺑە»ﭘﻮﺭ«ﺍﺳﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ.