Its my own presentation which I have been made for my class..

1. Bp & Overview of Oil Spill in Mexican
Gulf..
An attempt by-
Aditi Podder,Priyanka Mandal,Akash Majumdar,
Anushmita Samanta,Narsingh Rungta

2. • British Petroleum is the third largest energy company &
the fourth largest company in the world, and one of the
six gas super major measured by 2011 measured
revenue.
• Operates over in over 80 countries and has 21,800
service stations worldwide.
• Production is about 3.4 million barrels/day.
• Works in the field of exploration , production, refining,
distribution, marketing petrochemical, power generation
and trading.
• BP owns 19.7% stake in Russian oil major Rosneft
(World’s largest publicly traded oil & gas company by
hydrocarbon reserves and production.

3. Brand Evolution of BP
1979-1999 2000-2013
1921

4. BP’s oil production & oil trade
FY-10-11

7. • Fifth generation ultra-deepwater,
dynamically positioned, semi-
submersible mobile offshore
oil drilling unit.
• Built by Hyundai heavy industries
in 2001.
• BP took it on lease from 2001.
• In 2009, the rig drilled the
deepest oil well in history at a
vertical depth of 35050 feet in
Tiber oil field.
• In 2010, it is commissioned in
Mexican gulf.

8. Accident on Deep water horizon
Date: 20th April 2010
Explosion in BP operated Deep water horizon .
Explosion caused fire on the deck.
After 36 hours, it sank leaving the well unprotected.
It caused largest accidental marine oil spill of history.
Casualties: 11
Injured: 26

9. • The accident at Deep water horizon is not an
accident not only due to time-action gapping,
but also some sequential events related to
proactive maintenance.
• At first it was `blow out preventer’ (which was
designed to shut down the well) failed to shut
down the well.
• Secondly. There was a technical fault in design
of the gas venting system which allows a cloud
of explosive gas to envelop the rig.
• At last the additional valves deep inside the well
failed to prevent oil and gas from flowing up the
steel pipe (casing).

10. Spill Characteristics
• Location: Gulf of Mexico near
Mississippi river delta, United States .
• Area Covered: Area affected by this
devastating oil spill is about 4000
square miles.
• Volume: Near about 798000
Area covered by the oil spill gallons/day crude oil mixed in the
ocean.
• Per day loss: $430000 per day floated
NASA image taken – Spill estimated to cover an area in ocean ($86/Barrel)
in excess of 4000 square miles

11. Ethical Issues
After the accident on Deep water
horizon, some ethical issues raised
against BP. It was like in a way that
If BP did not ignore some red
signals, the accident might not
happen.
• Knowing that the Deepwater
Horizon had problems, BP did not
take any action towards proactive
maintenance.
• The rig continued to run under risk.
Putting profit over the safety of
workers.
• The management of BP ignored the
“Red Flags” from their procedural
tests.

12. •The area of the oil spill includes 8,332 species.
•More than 400 species that live in the Gulf islands and marshlands are still at risk.
•As of November 2, 2010, 6,814 dead animals had been collected.
•Miles-long strings of weathered oil had been sighted moving toward marshes on
the Mississippi River delta. Hundreds of thousands of migrating ducks and geese
spend the winter in this delta.

15. Protect the coastline and marine environments
Fundamental strategy
•Contain oil on the surface away
from the most sensitive areas,
•Dilute and disperse it into less
sensitive areas
•Remove it from the water.
An oil containment boom deployed by the U.S. Navy
surrounds New Harbor Island, Louisiana.
Containment
The response included deploying
many miles of containment boom,
whose purpose is to either corral
the oil, or to block it from
ecologically sensitive areas.

16. Dispersal
•Spilled oil naturally disperses
through storms, currents, and
osmosis with the passage of time.
•Chemical dispersants accelerate
the dispersal process, although
they may have significant side-
effects.
•Corexit is the principal dispersant
employed.
A C-130 Hercules drops Corexit into the Gulf of Mexico
The Dark Side of Corexit
•Corexit has been proved to be even more toxic to marine life than oil itself.
•A component of Corexit, 2-Butoxy Ethanol, is also a known carcinogen; causing liver
cancer in animals.
•It is banned from use on oil spills in the United Kingdom.
•On May 19, the Environmental Protection Agency gave British Petroleum 24 hours to
choose less toxic alternatives to Corexit from a list of dispersants.

17. Removal of oil from gulf
environment
Burning the oil
Approximately 9,300,000 to 13,100,000 US
gallons of oil was burned on the ocean
surface.
Filtering offshore
By June 28, British Petroleum had Based on these estimates, up to 75% of the oil from Gulf oil
disaster still remains in the Gulf environment.
successfully filtered 890,000 barrels of oily
liquid.
Collecting for later processing
The Coast Guard said 33,000,000 US gallons
of tainted water had been recovered, with
5,000,000 US gallons of that consisting of
oil.

18. Use of non invasive oil eating microbes
• Use of Pseudomonas putida could be very effective as it is non invasive
and has no side affect. It eats oil, as it produces energy for it’s survival.
• In the Labs (US) it shows almost desired results which is safe to use in
mass.
• It can be generated without complex genetically transformation.
• It can grow in very fast rate, so it could cover more area in very short span
of time.

19. How the microbes works
• The oil eating microbes simply oxidize the hydro-carbon, thus carbon
dioxide and water released.
• Oil floats on water as it is lighter than water. Oxygen is available on
the gulf surface . So it can break apart the hydrocarbons easily.
• After eating up the surface oil layer, microbes will die due to
deficiency of oil on the gulf surface.
• In this process the microbes can make the gulf environment oil free
with out leaving any side affect.

20. • $13.6 billion has been spent to clean
up the beaches.
• 95000 tones of crude oil collected
from the shoreline.
• Restoring tourism and seafood
industries by paying all legitimate
claims for damages resulting from the
accident.
• Estimated $.06 billon has been spent
for tree plantation to restoring natural
resources injured as a result of the
accident.
• Estimated $2 billion has been spent
for restoring wild life habitat in the
gulf region.

21. How BP is Reversing Damage Done to the Tourism Industry
• BP has committed a total of $92 million over a 3-year period for Alabama,
Florida, Mississippi and Louisiana.
• In which each state is using tourism funds to sponsor a variety of special
events, including music festivals, classic car rallies, and fishing competitions,
that attracts thousands of visitors

22. BP’s Gen-Next Step towards fuel security:
Cellulosic Bio fuels
• BP is investing in overseas bio-to-diesel technology in Brazil
• There are 3 sugarcane ethanol mills that have been opened
• BP is pairing up with Companhia Nacional de Cucar e Alcoo (CNAA), the leading
biofuel producer in Brazil
• Goal: “Harvest sugar and create ethanol with the least negative effect possible on
the environment, preserving staff and respecting the neighboring communities
and all partners”

24. • Though the well was finally killed and many measures have been
taken for restoring the environment and the business of the Mexican
Gulf which were badly affected by the oil spill.
• But this is not enough, because about 70% of leaked crude oil is in
gulf environment till today. It may push us in danger in near future. So
in order to protect marine spices we have to take necessary steps to
eliminate the danger.
• BP has taken new agenda under a banner of `Beyond Petroleum’ to
produce bio fuels for cutting the dependency on crude oil.
This things led US to work on new sensible energy policy.

25. 1. www.naturalresources.gov.us
2. www.bp.com
3. `Oil spill-2010’ by sitty petersen; slide no- 2,5,6
4. `Mexican gulf disaster’ by Edward B. Overton; slide no-1,8,11
5. `BP’s Disaster-2010’ by Dimmy Anderson; slide no- 5,6,24
6. `BP’s Oil spill and US’ by Tessorthy McKinley; slide no- 6,7,8
7. `Deep water horizon’ by Nimmen Gothalic; slide no-14,16,18
8. `BP’s GenNext Fuel’ by Prescott Mathan’ slide no- 4,8,9
9. `Oil spill affect on US economy’ by Pialtics; page no-9;para-2
10. `BP’s compensation’ by Engg. Tim Sackalman; page no-5;para-5
11. `Oill spill in gulf of Mexico’ by Reuters; page no-16;para-3
12. www.youtube.com
13. `BP’s Five blunders’ by nistenele Bromann; slide no- 7,10