This document provides a lesson on properly using the Japanese verbs "agemasu" (to give) and "moraimasu" (to receive). It explains that "agemasu" is used when someone is giving something to someone else, while "moraimasu" is used when someone is receiving something from someone else. Examples are given to illustrate how to use these verbs correctly, including who is the giver and receiver. Exercises are then provided to have the reader practice asking and answering questions using these verbs with different question words like "dare" (who), "nani" (what), and "itsu" (when). Pictures are also included to guide sentence creation about who gives what to whom

1. Lesson 13
Lesson Recap

2. 1. Reviewing the giving and Receiving
Japanese people like gifts
One thing about Japanese culture is that they're big on giving gifts. There are many
different customs involving giving and receiving gifts (お歳暮、お中元、etc.) and when
oseibo ochuugen
Japanese people go traveling, you can be sure that they're going to be picking up
souvenirs to take back as gifts. Even when attending marriages or funerals, people
are expected to give a certain amount of money as a gift to help fund the ceremony.
You can see why properly learning how to express the giving and receiving of favors
and items is a very important and useful skill. For some reason, the proper use of
「あげます」 and 「もらいます」 has always haunted people studying Japanese as
agemasu moraimasu
being horribly complex and intractable. I hope to prove in this lesson that it s
conceptually quite straightforward and simple.

3. When to use あげます
あげます is the Japanese word for "to give". You must use this verb when
agemasu
someone (as the giver) is giving something (as the object) to someone (as the
receiver). The particle に is used to indicate to whom an object is delivered. Also
ni
when the subject of a sentence is the giver あげます is used.
agemasu
person(giver) は person(receiver) に Object を あげます。
wa ni o agemasu
＊
ex. スミスさんは チャンさんに はなを あげました。
sumisu san wa chan-san ni hana o agemashita
Mr. Smith gave Ms. Chan some flower.
に
＊The verb あげます conjugates to the past form as あげました.
agemasu agemashita

4. When to use もらいます
もらいます is the Japanese word for "to receive". You must use this verb when
moraimasu
someone (as the receiver) is receiving something (as the object) from
someone (as the giver). The particle に is used to indicate from whom an object
ni
is delivered. Also when the subject of a sentence is the receiver もらいます is
moraimasu
used.
person(receiver) は person(giver) に Object を もらいます。
wa ni o moraimasu
＊
ex. チャンさん は スミスさんに はなを もらいました。
chan-san wa sumisu-san ni hana o moraimashita
Ms. Chan received some flower from Mr. Smith.
に
＊The verb もらいます conjugates to the past form as もらいました.
agemasu agemashita

5. Exercise 3
B) Ask and answer whom someone received something
from.
• Asking whom, you should use the question word
だれ(dare) = who with a particle に(ni) .
Subject(person) は だれ に Object を Verb (past) か。
wa dare ni o ka
ex. A：スミスさんは だれに えいがの きっぷを もらいましたか。
sumisu san wa dare ni eiga no kippu o moraimashitaka
B：チャンさんに もらいました。
chan san ni moraimashita

6. Exercise 3
C) Ask and answer what someone gave to another.
• Asking what, you should use the question word
なに(dare) = what with a particle を(o) .
Subject(person) は another person に なに を Verb (past) か。
wa ni nani o ka
ex. A：スミスさんは チャンさんに なにを あげましたか。
sumisu san wa chansan ni nani o agemashitaka
B：えいがの きっぷを あげました。
eiga no kippu o agemashita

7. Exercise 4.
You have to make up sentences or dialogues following the patterns of the examples
and based on the information in the illustration.
What you learn here in this exercise is adding a time expression as an event or an
occasion in sentences, such as Christmas, Valentine s Day, and birthdays.
• You should place a time expression right after
the subject of the sentence with a particle に(ni) .
Subject(person) は time expression に
wa ni
another person に Object を Verb (past) 。
ni o
ex. ：すずきさんは クリスマスに チャンさんに でんしじしょを
s u z u k i s a n wa kurisumasu ni c h a n s a n n i denshijisho o
あげました。
agemashitaka
：チャンさんは クリスマスに すずきさんに でんしじしょを
c h a n s a n wa kurisumasu ni s u z u k i s a n n i denshijisho o
もらいました。
moraimashitaka

8. Exercise 4
D) Ask and answer when someone gave something to
another.
• Asking when, you should use the question word
いつ(itsu) = when without any particle.
Subject(person) は いつ
wa
another person に Object を Verb (past) か。
ni o ka
ex. ：すずきさんは いつ チャンさんに でんしじしょを あげましたか。
s u z u k i s a n wa itsu c h a n s a n ni d e n s h i j i s h o o agemashitaka
Please follow appropriate rules with question words nani and dare for the rest of
questions in the exercise.

9. あげます・もらいます の れんしゅう（１）
agemasu moraimasu no renshuu
例（れい/rei）
たかはしさん
・ささきさんは たかはしさんに プレゼントを
ささきさん sasaki san wa takahashi san ni purezento o
あげます。
agemashu
・たかはしさんは ささきさんに プレゼントを
takahashi san wa sasaki san ni purezento o
もらいます。
morai masu
Note : the person who gives a hand is the giver
ささきさん たかはしさん ささきさん たかはしさん たかはしさん
たかはしさん たかはしさん たかはしさん ささきさん

10. あげます・もらいます の れんしゅう（２）
agemasu moraimasu no renshuu
You have just come back from a trip. Look at the picture and tell what you will give
to the following people.
Ex. : （わたしは）ちちに ウイスキーを あげます。
watashi wa chichi ni uisukii o agemasu
（ルームメート）
ruumu meito

11. あげます・もらいます の れんしゅう（３）
agemasu moraimasu no renshuu
Look at the picture and make sentences using もらいます.
Ex. : （わたしは）かのじょに マフラーを もらいました。
watashi wa kanojo ni mafuraa o morai mashita
（ビデオカメラ）
bideo kamera

12. 「あげます」「もらいます」「くれます」の れんしゅう（４）
agemasu moraimasu kuremasu no renshuu
Describe who gave what to whom using あげます, もらいます, and くれます.
Ex. : きょうこさんは ビルさんに セーターを あげました。
kyoko san wa biru san ni seetaa o age mashita
Kyoko Mearii
Biru
Takeshi
Ken
Suu
Naomi Robaato
watashi