4. Insecta or hexapoda
⢠6-7 cm long, hairy
⢠Three body segments
⢠Six legs
⢠Two pairs of wings
⢠Wings-transparent, no
veins
5. House fly
⢠A pair of
compound eyes
â˘Eyes are closer in
males and far apart
in females
â˘Antenna - small &
3 segmented
6. House fly- life
cycle
⢠Egg- 150-200eggs/sitting
1mmlong, pearly white
2 longitudinal ridges in dorsal side
⢠Larva (maggots)â white segmented(13)
footles, worm like,1/2 inch. narrow anterior end &
broad posteriror end
no eyes / appendages
13. Phlebotominae
⢠Like a mosquito, except
its body is hairy and the
wings are feathery.
⢠Tiny insects (1-3 mm)
⢠Smaller than mosquitoes
⢠Hairs on body and wings
⢠Wings rest over body like
âangelâsâ wings
⢠Only females suck blood
14. Sand flies Phlebotomus spp
⢠Live in warm climates
⢠Minute, hairy ,with wing kept erect while
resting.
⢠Breed in crack of soil and wall, rubbish
heaps
⢠Move in hops rather than fly .
⢠Nocturnal ,during day time rest in cool damp
places
⢠Vector of leishmaniasis, sand fly fever.
15. Sand fly
⢠Large compound eyes
⢠Hairy legs
⢠Long slender legs
⢠Wings are vertical and pointed
⢠Whole body is covered with hairs
⢠All 10 segments are abdomen are visible
16. Sandfly
⢠In males 2 claspers
are seen in the 10th
abdominal segment
⢠In females ,10th
abdominal segment
has 2 small cerci
19. Ctenocephalides
⢠Ecto- parasites of dog and cat
⢠Characterized by black teeth like structure
on head known genetal comb and
another set on first thoracic segment-
pronotal comb
20. Dog flea, cat flea
Human flea Trop. rat flea
dog flea cat flea
22. X. cheopes ⢠Main vector for plague
⢠Females have âCâshaped
spermatheca with uniform
thickness which is used for
storing sperms
⢠In males spermatheca is
absent, the 9th abdominal
segment dorsally has a
sensory organ-pygedium
⢠Anterior to this is anti
pygedial bristles arise
directly from the body
⢠9 th sternite is club
shaped
23.
24. X. astia
⢠In female-spermatheca is bulbus at the
middle âa shaped
⢠In male- anti pygedial bristles
arise directly from the body
⢠9 th sternite is ribbon shaped
25. X. braziliensis
⢠In female-spermatheca is bulbus at one
end âb shaped
⢠In male- anti pygedial bristles
arise from a conical base
⢠9 th sternite is absent
27. Control of fleas
⢠Insecticides
ď˛DDT(5-10%),ÎłHCH, dieldrin, diazinon(2%)
ď˛Applied in floors & walls up to 1ft
ď˛Applied in rat burrows
⢠Repellents
ď˛Diethyl toluamide
⢠Rodent control
29. Lice
⢠Small wingless insects
⢠Three species that solely live on humans
ď˛ Pediculus humanus occurs in two subspecies
ďˇ the head louse (Pediculus capitis) and
ďˇ the body louse (Pediculuscorporis)
⢠The body louse lives mostly in the
clothing and attaches its eggs to its
fibers
⢠The third species of human lice is
Phthirus pubis the crab or pubic louse.
30. Head louse- Pediculus humanus capitis
⢠The head louse lives in the hair and
attaches eggs (nits) to the hair
⢠Body - dorso-ventrally flattened, has head,
thorax & abdomen
⢠Head-pointed, bears a pair of 5 segmented
antennae, Simple eyes.Head has a pair of
antennae which is sucking & piercing type
⢠Thorax(square shaped) has 3 pairs of
appendages.Last segment of appendages
ends with claws
⢠Abdomen â 9 sements.Last segment imale it
is pointed, females - bilobed
31. â˘In females last
Head louse abdominal segment is
bifid
â˘In males last
abdominal segment is
pointed not bifid.
â˘Males posses a U
shaped organ called
âaedeagus
â˘Aedeagus is species
specific and region
specific
32. ⢠Resembles a crab, about 2mm
Pthirus pubis -
⢠Attached to pubic hair & eye
Pubic Louse
lashes
⢠Head, thorax, abdomen
⢠Thorax has 3 pairs of legs & first
pair is slender
⢠Last segment of appendages ends
with claws
⢠Abdomen has lateral projections
called lateral papillae
⢠Females last abd.segment is bifid
⢠In males last segment is not bifid.
33. Lice -PH importance
disease transmission :
lice act as a vector for
- Epidemic typhus
- Epidemic relapsing fever,
- Trench fever.
Pediculosis, irritation and
pruritus.
34. Control of lice
⢠Insecticide s -Lotion with 0.5%
malathion,toapplied and kept on for 24-48 hrs.
⢠Personal hygiene
35. Ticks
⢠Wingless insects
⢠Ectoparasites of vertebrate animals
⢠They all suck blood
⢠Body is oval in shape ,and has two parts- head or
Capitulum & Abdomen
⢠Head is at anterior end
⢠Has 4 pairs of appendages, no antennae
⢠Hard tisks are covered on their dorsal
surface by a chitinous schield called scutum
36. ⢠Males are smaller than
Hard ticks females
⢠In males body is
completely covered by
scutum
⢠In females anterior 1/3rd
is covered by scutum
⢠Vertical transmission
from mother to egg
39. Soft tick â˘Small, soft and leathery cuticula,
â˘Mouthparts invisible from dorsal
aspect
â˘The scutum/dorsal schield is
`absent
⢠Abdominal wall is
smooth
⢠Dorsal surface has
small dot like
mamillary
tubrercles
43. Mites â sarcoptes scabei
⢠Tiny (0.1-0.3 mm) endo-parasitic
mite
⢠Lives in epidermal layer of skin
⢠Body - Capitulum & Abdomen
⢠Eyes, antennae & wings are
absent
⢠2 pairs of legs in front 2 pairs
behind.Front legs end in long
tubular process- suckers
⢠Hind legs end in long filamentous
bristles
⢠In females 4 th pair end in suckers
45. sarcoptes scabei- Public health imp
⢠Causes human scabies
⢠Scabies is characterized by an intensely
pruritic, erythematous, papular eruption
caused by burrowing of adult female mites
in upper layers of the epidermis, creating
serpiginous burrows. Itching is most
intense at night
⢠Sites of lesion â hands & wrist
(63%),extensor aspect of wrist (11%),
46. ď˝Preferred sites interdegital, popliteal fold and groin
47. ⢠Class-crustacea
Cyclops
⢠Pear shaped semi
transparent body, forked
tail, 2pairs of antennae
⢠Large cephalothorax &
slender segmented
abdomen
⢠Single small pigmented
eye
⢠In females 1st abd. segment
has apair of ovisac
50. Control
⢠Physical
straining of water through a piece fine cloth
Boiling at 60 degree C
⢠Chemical â chlorine 5ppm,alum
4gm/gallon, abate 1mg/l
⢠Biological â gambusia fish
⢠Abolish step well, promote sanitary well