The workshop will cover innovative water reuse and wastewater treatment options for commercial, institutional and medium-large residential development applications with an emphasis on environmental protection, cost effectiveness and simplicity of Operations & Maintenance. In addition to regulatory requirements, the key environmental drivers that are the basis for sustainability water management design will be described. The presenter was Pio Lombardo, PE, President of Lombardo Associates, Inc. (LAI).

1. Water Reuse & Wastewater Management
Sustainable Best Practices
Pio Lombardo, P.E.
Lombardo Associates, Inc.
Newton, MA 02467
Pio@LombardoAssociates.com
www.LombardoAssociates.com
September 25, 2008

2. Credentials & Experience
•Over 35 years’ experience in wastewater management, planning and
implementation
•Engineer of Record for over $200 million of wastewater management
projects throughout the US
•Authored numerous USEPA manuals on decentralized wastewater
management
•Limnology & water quality expertise
•Corporative Execute for international environmental engineering firms
•Design/Build/Operate Experience
•Recipient of ENR Construction Man-of-the-Year Candidate Award
•LAI received the ACEC Engineer of Excellence Award
•Registered Engineers in 29 States

3. Project Types
 Commercial Development
 Residential Development
 Institutional

4. EMERGENT WETLAND

5. Water Use Efficiency & Water Reuse
• Minimize Potable Water Demand
• Roof Runoff + Stormwater Reuse
• Wastewater Reuse

6. Commercial Development Projects
 Shopping Centers
 Office / Retail

7. No Net Discharge System
Rain Collection
Wastewater Wastewater
Collection Treatment
Stormwater
Rain Collection Treatment Storage
Stormwater
Landscape In-Building
•No Net Discharge
Irrigation Reuse
•Minimizes Potable Water Demand
(50-70% Reduction)

8. Malibu- La Paz Development
Water Reuse – No Discharge System
The No Wastewater Discharge is achieved by:
 In-Building Reuse – Toilet Flushing
 Landscape Irrigation – Roof Runoff & Stormwater Reuse
Malibu La Paz – City Hall Village Green
 11 Commercial
Buildings
 2 Restaurants
(175 seats/each)
 Proposed New
City Hall

9. Malibu- La Paz Development
Design Flow: 28,000 gpd / 23,000 gpd
With the Water Reuse, Potable Water Demand
will be 14,200 gpd… a 56% Reduction
Malibu La Paz – Entry

10. Malibu Creek Plaza, Malibu, CA
16,000 gpd Shopping Center
Malibu Creek
Plaza
• Achieving Title 22
Unrestricted Water Reuse
Requirements
• Equivalent to ~200
Residential Units

11. Malibu Creek Plaza, Malibu, CA

12. Malibu- Ioki Development
Water Reuse – No Discharge System
 Environmentally Sensitive Area, adjacent to the
famous Surfrider Beach in Malibu, CA
 Combination
of Office &
Retail
buildings
 Integrated
Wastewater-
Stormwater
Irrigation
System

13. Malibu- Ioki Development
Design Flow: 20,800 gpd / 18,200 gpd
Without Water Reuse:
In-Building Water Demand = 12,970 gpd
Irrigation = 10,700 gpd
= 23,670 gpd
With Water Reuse:
Potable Water Demand = 10,185 gpd
57%
REDUCTION

14. Urban – Mixed Use Development
Wastewater Treatment Plant
Reuse Plan

15. Commercial Development Projects
 Wastewater Reuse for Toilet Flushing
 Greenhouse - Wetlands

16. Dense Urban Development Wastewater
Treatment Plant Reuse Plan
Westwood Station On-Site Wastewater System
Preliminary Economic Analsys
prepared by Lom bardo Associates, Inc. - Novem ber 9, 2006
Design Flow 50,000 gpd
18,250,000 gallons per year (gpy)
18,250 1,000 gpy
Annual Cost with Sewer Connection
2005 Westwood Water Use Rate $ 3.97 per hundred cubic feet (HCF)
2005 Westwood Sewer Use Rate $ 13.95 per hundred cubic feet
$ 17.92 per HCF
$ 23.96 per 1,000 gallons
1. Annual Water & Sewer Use Avoidance Costs 50,000 gpd
18,250 1,000 gpy
Annual Water Use Cost $ 96,862
Annual Sewer Use Cost $ 340,358
Annual Total Water & Sewer Cost $ 437,219

17. Dense Urban Development Wastewater
Treatment Plant Reuse Plan
On-Site Wastewater Reuse System
Range of Estimated Annual O&M Costs
Achievable Low End Safe High End
1. Annual O&M Costs - Est. Budget Range $ 100,000 $ 150,000
2. Estimated Net Annual Savings $ 337,219 $ 287,219
3. Simple Payback Period 10 years
4. "Maximum Allowable" Capital Cost of Reuse $ 3,372,193 $ 2,872,193
System
5. Can reuse system be implemented for less than Initial Capital Cost estimate = $3,025,000
Allowable Capital Cost ?
Notes:
1. Amenity value of greenhouse not considered
2. Impact of continuing rising MWRA rates - 9.8% for 2006 - not considered
3. Value of LEED points not considered

18. Residential Development Projects
 Nitrogen Sensitive Coastal Areas

19. Mashpee, MA – 5,226 gpd
Residential &Commercial Site
•24 Units Mixed Housing (40B)
DRAINFIELD PUMP •9,800 SF Commercial
STATION
BIOFILTER
NITREX™ Drainfield
FILTER Pump Station
SEPTIC TANK
•TN < 3 mg/l BioFilter
•Monthly O&M Visits
•Electricity Use - $0.75 / day
•No chemical Addition NitrexTM Filter
Niitrex Filter
•Normal Septage Removal

20. Eastham, MA – Brackett Landing
Cape Cod Residential
Development Producing
Water with Total
Nitrogen < 3.0 mg/l
Design Flow:
10,000 gpd

21. Chincoteague, VA
3,900 gpd Commercial System
RECIRCULATING PEAT
FILTER AEROBIC
TREATMENT SYSTEM
 RESIDENTIAL SYSTEM
 TOTAL NITROGEN < 3 mg/l

22. Merced, CA
330 gpd Institutional System
Gurr Road
Septic
Tank
Fire Station
Recirculating Media Filter
NitrexTM Filter
Recirculating Tank
 Nitrogen Removal
System as an addition
to the Septic System

23. Campus Water Use and
Wastewater Generation
Analysis

24. Annual Residential Water & Sewer Charges for
Major US Cities
Typical Water Charge = $3.08 / 1,000 gallons
Typical Sewer Charge = $4.63 / 1,000 gallons
Typical Combined Charge = $7.71 / 1,000 gallons
Boston Water Charge = $4.40 / 1,000 gallons
Boston Sewer Charge = $5.39 / 1,000 gallons
Boston Combined Charge = $9.79 / 1,000 gallons

25. Annual Residential Water & Sewer Charges for
Major US Cities ($/1,000 gallons)
Water Sewer Combined
Boston, MA $4.40 $5.39 $9.79
Columbus, OH $2.62 $3.58 $6.20
Dallas, TX $2.31 $3.65 $5.97
Indianapolis, IN $2.74 $2.13 $4.87
Jacksonville, FL $2.24 $4.74 $6.98
Los Angeles, CA $2.91 $3.35 $6.26
MWRA Service Area $4.46 $6.72 $11.18
New York, NY $2.41 $3.84 $6.25
Philadelphia, PA $3.43 $4.41 $7.84
Portland, ME $3.05 $8.48 $11.53
Providence, RI $3.44 $3.79 $7.23
Saint Paul, MN $2.27 $3.55 $5.82
San Diego, CA $4.60 $5.36 $9.96
San Francisco, CA $3.33 $7.45 $10.79
Seattle, WA $4.63 $9.01 $13.64
Washington, DC $3.21 $4.51 $7.72

26. Analysis Process
•Analysis of Water Use by Meter – Daily, Seasonal
and Annual
•Use Profile
•Wastewater Generation Analysis
•Identify Water Use / Wastewater Opportunities
•Economic Analysis of Water / Sewer
•Quantify Potential Savings
•Conceptual Design & Capital and O&M Cost of
Projects to Achieve Potential Savings

27. Use Profile
•Wastewater Generation Analysis
•Toilet Flushing/Showers/Food
Related
•Laundry
•Laboratory
•Cooling Towers and Power Plant
Blowdowns
•Academic Laboratory Equipment
•Other

28. Cost Analysis
•Financial Situation – Existing
•Using Existing and Projected Water
& Sewer Rate
•Annual Water Cost
•Annual Sewer Cost

29. Opportunities Identification
•Identify Water Use / Wastewater Opportunities
•Conservation
•Reuse
•Toilets
•Cooling Towers
•Irrigation
•Independent Laundry Reuse Systems
•Others

30. Evaluation
•Conceptual Design and Capital and O&M Costs
of Projects to Achieve Potential Savings
•Simple Financial Analysis
•Payback Plan
•Return on Investment

31. Non – Domestic Water Conservation
Opportunities – Project 1
Water Quantity Savings Potential 108,000 gpd
Water/Sewer Dollar Savings Potential $339,000/yr
•Collect
•CUP Cooling Tower and Boiler Blowdown
•RO Rejects
•Vacuum Pump Cooling Water
•Roof Rainwater
•Humidifier Condensates
•Treat water at Facility
•Reuse Treated Effluent for Cooling Tower Make-Up
•With payback of ten (10) years, simple 10% ROI $3.4 million
could be spent

32. Non – Domestic Water Conservation
Opportunities – Project 2
Water Quantity Savings Potential 179,000 gpd
Water/Sewer Dollar Savings Potential $560,000/yr
•Evaluate Underground Use of a Location for Stormwater/Wastewater
Storage/Treatment Facility
•Treat Stormwater/Wastewater for non-potable water use
•With payback of ten (10) years, simple 10% ROI $5.6 million
could be spent

33. Dispersal Systems

34. Dispersal - Drip Irrigation

35. Drip Field

36. LEACHFIELD PRSSSURE
DISTRIBUTION TEST

37. LEACHFIELD (BURIED)

38. Disinfection + Emerging
Contaminants Removal
•UV
•Ozone

39. Malibu Creek Plaza, Malibu, CA
Ozone – UV Disinfection

40. Questions / Answers