Voir la vidéo sur http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tVzz_CSFs8A Laurent Toutain (Télécom Bretagne) présente "La frange polymorphe de l'Internet" lors de la Journée du Conseil scientifique de l'Afnic 2013 (JCSA2013), le 9 juillet 2013 dans les locaux de Télécom ParisTech.

1. La Frange Polymorphique
de l’Internet
Laurent Toutain, Pascal Thubert
June 26, 2013

2. Internet
page 2 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

3. ITS DTN
PAN WSN
Internet
page 2 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

4. IP
TCP UDP
HTTP CoAP . . .
Interface
page 3 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

5. IP
TCP UDP
HTTP CoAP . . .
Interface
IP
page 3 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

6. IP
TCP UDP
HTTP CoAP . . .
Interface
IP
Common Language
Interconnection
page 3 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

7. IP
TCP UDP
HTTP CoAP . . .
Interface
IP
Common Language
Interconnection
Ossification
page 3 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

8. ARESA2 Project
⌅ ANR Verso 2009 project
⌅ Urban Wireless Sensor Networks
• AMI, Smart Grid, M2M. . .
⌅ One of the challenges: IPv6
• Mesh network.
• Minimize code footprint, minimize energy consumption.
page 4 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

9. 6LBR
6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6
?
page 5 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

10. 6LBR
6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6
6LN
6LR
page 5 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

11. 6LBR
6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6
6LN
6LR
FE80::IID
page 5 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

12. 6LBR
6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6
6LN
6LR
FE80::IID
RASLLAO,PIO|6CO,ABRO
SLLAO: Source Link-layer Address, PIO: Prefix Information, 6CO: 6LoWPAN Context, ABRO: Authoritative Border Router
page 5 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

13. 6LBR
6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6
6LN
6LR
FE80::IID
RSSLLAO
SLLAO: Source Link-layer Address, PIO: Prefix Information, 6CO: 6LoWPAN Context, ABRO: Authoritative Border Router
page 5 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

14. 6LBR
6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6
6LN
6LR
FE80::IID
RASLLAO,PIO|6CO,ABRO
SLLAO: Source Link-layer Address, PIO: Prefix Information, 6CO: 6LoWPAN Context, ABRO: Authoritative Border Router
page 5 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

15. 6LBR
6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6
6LN
6LR
FE80::IID
NSSLLAO
page 5 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

16. 6LBR
6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6
6LN
6LR
FE80::IIDDAR
DAR: Duplicate Address Request
page 5 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

17. 6LBR
6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6
6LN
6LR
FE80::IIDDAC
DAC: Duplicate Address Confirmation
page 5 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

18. 6LBR
6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6
6LN
6LR
FE80::IID
RAARO+Status
page 5 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

19. 6LBR
6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6
6LN
6LR
FE80::IID
↵::IID
page 5 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

20. ↵
6LBR
6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6
6LN
6LR
FE80::IID
↵::IID
::IID
page 5 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

21. ↵
6LBR
6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6
6LN
6LR
FE80::IID
↵::IID
::IID
RPL DIS
RPL: Routing Protocol for Low power and lossy networks, DIS: DODAG (Destination Oriented Directed
Acyclic Graph) Information Solicitation
page 5 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

22. ↵
6LBR
6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6
6LN
6LR
FE80::IID
↵::IID
::IID ↵::IID! dest
page 5 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

23. ↵
6LBR
6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6
6LN
6LR
FE80::IID
↵::IID
::IID ↵::IID! dest
Assigning prefix is quite complex ) Still Multi-homing problem
page 5 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

24. ↵
6LBR
6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6
6LN
6LR
FE80::IID
::IID/64
page 6 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

25. ↵
6LBR
6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6
6LN
6LR
FE80::IID
::IID/64
RPL DIS
RPL: Routing Protocol for Low power and lossy networks, DIS: DODAG (Destination Oriented Directed
Acyclic Graph) Information Solicitation
page 6 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

26. ↵
6LBR
6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6
6LN
6LR
FE80::IID
::IID/64
DIO
page 6 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

27. ↵
6LBR
6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6
6LN
6LR
FE80::IID
::IID/64
::IID! dest
Implicit well-known source context for 6LoWPAN compression
page 6 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

28. ↵
6LBR
6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6
6LN
6LR
FE80::IID
::IID/64
::IID! dest
NPTv6: ::IID ) ↵::IID (L4 checksum adjusted)
↵::IID! dest
page 6 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

29. ↵
6LBR
6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6
6LN
6LR
FE80::IID
::IID/64
::IID! dest
↵::IID! dest
::IID! dest
page 6 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

30. ↵
6LBR
6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6
6LN
6LR
FE80::IID
::IID/64
::IID! dest
↵::IID! dest
::IID! dest
IID can be used to identify senderIID can be used to identify sender
page 6 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

31. Network Working Group Mike O’Dell
Internet-Draft UUNET Technologies
1997/02/24 01:32:32GMT
GSE - An Alternate Addressing Architecture for IPv6
<draft-ietf-ipngwg-gseaddr-00.txt>
The 16 byte IPv6 address is split into 3 pieces:
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
| Routing Goop | STP| End System Designator |
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
6+ bytes 2 bytes 8 bytes
Routing Goop signifies where the Site attaches to the Global Internet. The Site
Topology Partition (STP) is Site-private "LAN segment" information. The End System
Designator (ESD) specifies an interface on an end-system.
Rewriting IPv6 addresses by Site Border Routers is by far the most controversial,
but also most critical part of this proposal. To control the complexity
of routing information which must be managed within a Site and to
isolate end systems and interior routers from external topology
changes, the RG of some addresses is modified by Site Border Routers.
Packets exiting a site have the RG for the Site egress point inserted into source addresses,
while packets entering a Site have the RG in all destination addresses replaced with a
canonical prefix signifying "within this Site" (the "Site-local prefix").
page 7 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

32. Network Working Group Mike O’Dell
Internet-Draft UUNET Technologies
1997/02/24 01:32:32GMT
GSE - An Alternate Addressing Architecture for IPv6
<draft-ietf-ipngwg-gseaddr-00.txt>
The 16 byte IPv6 address is split into 3 pieces:
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
| Routing Goop | STP| End System Designator |
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
6+ bytes 2 bytes 8 bytes
Routing Goop signifies where the Site attaches to the Global Internet. The Site
Topology Partition (STP) is Site-private "LAN segment" information. The End System
Designator (ESD) specifies an interface on an end-system.
Rewriting IPv6 addresses by Site Border Routers is by far the most controversial,
but also most critical part of this proposal. To control the complexity
of routing information which must be managed within a Site and to
isolate end systems and interior routers from external topology
changes, the RG of some addresses is modified by Site Border Routers.
Packets exiting a site have the RG for the Site egress point inserted into source addresses,
while packets entering a Site have the RG in all destination addresses replaced with a
canonical prefix signifying "within this Site" (the "Site-local prefix").
In 1997: cannot guaranty unique ESD (IID) for global Internet
page 7 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

33. Network Working Group Mike O’Dell
Internet-Draft UUNET Technologies
1997/02/24 01:32:32GMT
GSE - An Alternate Addressing Architecture for IPv6
<draft-ietf-ipngwg-gseaddr-00.txt>
The 16 byte IPv6 address is split into 3 pieces:
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
| Routing Goop | STP| End System Designator |
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
6+ bytes 2 bytes 8 bytes
Routing Goop signifies where the Site attaches to the Global Internet. The Site
Topology Partition (STP) is Site-private "LAN segment" information. The End System
Designator (ESD) specifies an interface on an end-system.
Rewriting IPv6 addresses by Site Border Routers is by far the most controversial,
but also most critical part of this proposal. To control the complexity
of routing information which must be managed within a Site and to
isolate end systems and interior routers from external topology
changes, the RG of some addresses is modified by Site Border Routers.
Packets exiting a site have the RG for the Site egress point inserted into source addresses,
while packets entering a Site have the RG in all destination addresses replaced with a
canonical prefix signifying "within this Site" (the "Site-local prefix").
In 1997: cannot guaranty unique ESD (IID) for global Internet
Possible with LoWPAN Network: IID is unique in this area
page 7 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

34. L7
L2
IP
page 8 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

35. L7
L2
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
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IP
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IP
IP
IP
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page 8 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

36. L7
L2
IP
@@
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page 9 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

37. Ethernet IPv6
Destination Address
Source Address
Protocol
page 10 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

38. Ethernet IPv6
Destination Address
Source Address
Protocol
6 Di↵Serv
Payload Length Next header Hop Limit
Source Address
Destination Address
Flow Label
page 10 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

39. Ethernet IPv6
Destination Address
Source Address
Protocol
6 Di↵Serv
Payload Length Next header Hop Limit
Source Address
Destination Address
Flow Label
Minimum InformationMinimum Information
page 10 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

40. Ethernet IPv6
Destination Address
Source Address
Protocol
6 Di↵Serv
Payload Length Next header Hop Limit
Source Address
Destination Address
Flow Label
Minimum InformationMinimum Information
May Evolve though other stan-
dards:
- IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.16, ...
- MACinMAC
page 10 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

41. Ethernet IPv6
Destination Address
Source Address
Protocol
6 Di↵Serv
Payload Length Next header Hop Limit
Source Address
Destination Address
Flow Label
Minimum InformationMinimum Information
May Evolve though other stan-
dards:
- IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.16, ...
- MACinMAC
Fixed header, no evolution.
- Extensions are designed for this !
) Wrong design ?
- Internet is no more homogeneous
page 10 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

42. 0..................7...................15...................23....................31
6 Di↵Serv
Payload Length Next header
Layer 4 or extensions
Hop Limit
Source Address
Destination Address
Flow Label
page 11 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

43. 0..................7...................15...................23....................31
6 Di↵Serv
Payload Length Next header
Layer 4 or extensions
Hop Limit
Source Address
Destination Address
Flow Label
011 TF NH HLIM CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM
Remaining header data
page 11 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

44. 0..................7...................15...................23....................31
6 Di↵Serv
Payload Length Next header
Layer 4 or extensions
Hop Limit
Source Address
Destination Address
Flow Label
Mesh Header Fragmentation Header
011 TF NH HLIM CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM
Remaining header data
page 11 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

45. 6LoWPAN: Route Over
Breaking the Hourglass
1 2
3
4
5
6
7
page 12 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

46. 6LoWPAN: Route Over
Breaking the Hourglass
1 2
3
4
5
6
7
IPv6
page 12 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

47. 6LoWPAN: Route Over
Breaking the Hourglass
1 2
3
4
5
6
7
IPv6 6LP
page 12 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

48. 6LoWPAN: Route Over
Breaking the Hourglass
1 2
3
4
5
6
7
IPv6 6LP 1 ! 7
IPv6
page 12 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

49. 6LoWPAN: Route Over
Breaking the Hourglass
1 2
3
4
5
6
7
IPv6 6LP 1 ! 7
IPv6
6LP
page 12 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

50. 6LoWPAN: Route Over
Breaking the Hourglass
1 2
3
4
5
6
7
IPv6 6LP 1 ! 7
IPv6
6LP
page 12 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

51. 6LoWPAN: Route Over
Breaking the Hourglass
1 2
3
4
5
6
7
IPv6 6LP 1 ! 7
IPv6
6LP
6LP
page 12 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

52. 6LoWPAN: Route Over
Breaking the Hourglass
1 2
3
4
5
6
7
IPv6 6LP 1 ! 7
IPv6
6LP
6LP
page 12 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

53. 6LoWPAN: Route Over
Breaking the Hourglass
1 2
3
4
5
6
7
IPv6 6LP 1 ! 7
IPv6
6LP
6LP
1 ! 7
IPv6
6LP6LP
1 ! 7
IPv6
6LP
IPv6
page 12 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

54. 6LoWPAN: Route Over
Breaking the Hourglass
1 2
3
4
5
6
7
IPv6 6LP 1 ! 7
IPv6
6LP
6LP
1 ! 7
IPv6
6LP6LP
1 ! 7
IPv6
6LP
IPv6
Route Over:
- ad-hoc network (addresses not prefixes)
- May avoid boradcast
- Routing protocol (IETF scope) ) RPL
page 12 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

55. RIPv6 6LoWPAN
page 13 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

56. RIPv6 6LoWPAN
Extensions
page 13 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

57. RIPv6 6LoWPAN
Extensions
RFC 2460: With one exception, extension headers are
not examined or processed by any node along a packet’s delivery path , until
the packet reaches the node (or each of the set of nodes, in the case of multicast)
identified in the Destination Address field of the IPv6 header.
page 13 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

58. Upward tra c: DoDAG
Breaking the Hourglass
11
21 22
31 32 33
41 42 43 44
51 52 53 54 55
Preferred
Parent
page 14 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

59. Upward tra c: DoDAG
Breaking the Hourglass
11
21 22
31 32 33
41 42 43 44
51 52 53 54 55
Preferred
Parent
IPv6
forwarding plan
Hop
by
Hop
L4
page 14 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

60. RIPv6 6LoWPAN
page 15 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

61. RIPv6 6LoWPANTunnel: IPv6+ext + orig IPv6
page 15 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

62. 0..................7...................15...................23....................31
6 Di↵Serv
Payload Length Next header
Layer 4 or extensions
Hop Limit
Source Address
Destination Address
Flow Label
011 TF NH HLIM CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM
Remaining header data
page 16 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

63. 0..................7...................15...................23....................31
6 Di↵Serv
Payload Length Next header
Layer 4 or extensions
Hop Limit
Source Address
Destination Address
Flow Label
Local Extensions
Mesh Header Fragmentation Header
011 TF NH HLIM CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM
Remaining header data
page 16 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

64. DNS: CoAP Mode
Breaking the Hourglass
RG
↵
6LBR
6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6
6LN
6LR
DNS
CoAP
(1) register
(2) DNS DU
(3) HTTP GET
Host: sensor1
(4) resolve
name.example.com
(5) AAAA
(6) CoAP GET
page 17 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

65. Arduino
Breaking the Hourglass
see
https://github.com/telecombretagne/Arduino-IPv6Stack
page 18 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

66. page 19 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

67. WSN1 WSN2
WSN3 WSN4
Internet
page 20 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

68. WSN1 WSN2
WSN3 WSN4
Internet
Deterministic Communications ?
page 20 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet

69. WSN1 WSN2
WSN3 WSN4
Internet
Deterministic Communications ?
Isolate some tra cs
page 20 JCSA 2013 Paris 9 Juillet